Tryphaina and Tryphosa

Tryphaina (Τρύφαινα) and Tryphosa (Τρυφῶσα; bl. 52-55 AD) are two urban Roman Christians mentioned in the New Testament .

Paul characterizes the two women in the list of greetings in Romans with the phrase that they stand up for the Lord ( Rom. 16:12 ZB ). The verb, Greek κοπιᾶν kopiãn “to use oneself”, which in other Bible translations is also referred to as “work” (Luther Bible 2017), “to strive” (standard translation 2016), designates church- leading functions in early Christian usage, as can be seen particularly in 1 Thess 5 , 12 ZB and 1 Cor 16:16 ZB sees. Marlis Gielen explains that there are four women in the Roman community, namely Maria and Persis, Tryphaina and Tryphosa "were involved in the church leadership and were probably not only involved in the area of organization, but also in the area of preaching or - in other words - performed the duties of a diakonos ." Ulrich Wilckens believes that the two are (because of of the same-sounding names) “maybe twin sisters, but at least a couple. Their names, which associate a soft luxury life (τρυφάω, τρυφή), are perhaps in rhetorical intentional contradiction to the hard work they have done in the mission. "

Individual evidence

↑ Spelling according to Loccumer guidelines: Tryphaena.
↑ Marlis Gielen: Paulus in Conversation: Topics of Pauline Theology , Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2009, p. 268. Sabine Bieberstein , Daniel Kosch: Paulus and the beginnings of the church , TVZ, Zurich 2012, p. 124 f.
^ Marlis Gielen: women as deacons in Pauline congregations . In: Dietmar W. Winkler (Hrsg.): Diakonat der Frau: Findings from biblical, patristic, Eastern church, liturgical and systematic-theological perspective . LIT Verlag, 2nd edition Vienna / Berlin 2013, pp. 11–42, here p. 37.
^ Ulrich Wilckens: The Letter to the Romans (Rom 12-16) (= Evangelical-Catholic Commentary on the New Testament . Volume VI / 3), Neukirchener Verlag, Neukirchen-Vluyn 1982. ISBN 3-7887-0650-3 . P. 136 f.

[1] Spelling according to Loccumer guidelines: Tryphaena.

[2] Marlis Gielen: Paulus in Conversation: Topics of Pauline Theology , Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2009, p. 268. Sabine Bieberstein , Daniel Kosch: Paulus and the beginnings of the church , TVZ, Zurich 2012, p. 124 f.

[3] Marlis Gielen: women as deacons in Pauline congregations . In: Dietmar W. Winkler (Hrsg.): Diakonat der Frau: Findings from biblical, patristic, Eastern church, liturgical and systematic-theological perspective . LIT Verlag, 2nd edition Vienna / Berlin 2013, pp. 11–42, here p. 37.

[4] Ulrich Wilckens: The Letter to the Romans (Rom 12-16) (= Evangelical-Catholic Commentary on the New Testament . Volume VI / 3), Neukirchener Verlag, Neukirchen-Vluyn 1982. ISBN 3-7887-0650-3 . P. 136 f.