Tower decker (ship type)

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The Turret Chief from 1896
Load compartment allocation of a tower decker during construction

The tower decker was a type of bulk cargo ship that emerged in Great Britain at the end of the 19th century . The name is derived from the design of the hull with a raised deck structure (English turret deck) that extends over the entire length of the hold, but only a small part of the width of the ship, and is included in the actual longitudinal and transverse structure of the hull. The cargo hold of the turret decker was divided into three parts lengthways in such a way that with this type of ship, which was designed for transporting ore and other bulk goods, only the middle part, which lay vertically below the tower deck, could be loaded with iron ore . As a result, the load was stored automatically and did not have to be trimmed. In addition to a relatively low ship weight and favorable ship measurements , this type of construction resulted in a favorable loading condition for the ore voyage: high longitudinal strength (buckling strength in the longitudinal axis) with, however, reduced capsizing safety due to the side walls retracted in the upper area. Many tower deckers were lost due to capsizing, so that the freeboard draft and thus the permissible load had to be limited. This partially lost the advantages of this type of ship.

The ship type was invented by the shipbuilding engineer Arthur Haver of the shipyard William Doxford & Sons , who used it to build a ship type similar to the trunk decker . The first ship of this type was the Turret , which was delivered in 1893 . A total of 182 Doxford turret deckers were built, 176 of them at Doxford.

One of the last turret deckers in operation worldwide (until 1959) was the Hermann Fritzen of the Johs shipping company . Fritzen & Sohn , which was commissioned as Nonsuch in 1906 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Die Turret Chief  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at: Miramar Ship Index. (accessed May 25, 2009)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.miramarshipindex.org.nz  
  2. ↑ http://www.zeno.org/Lueger-1904/A/Schiffbau+%5B2%5D
  3. ↑ Die Turret  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at: Miramar Ship Index. (accessed May 25, 2009)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.miramarshipindex.org.nz  
  4. ^ Alan McClelland: Milestones in tramp ship development . In: Roy Fenton (Ed.): Ships in Focus Record . No. 1 . Ships in Focus Publications, 1996, ISSN  1363-1675 , pp. 45-53 .

See also

literature

  • Merits of the trunk . In: Fenton, Roy (Ed.): Ships in Focus . J. & M. Clarkson, 1997, ISSN  1363-1675 , pp. 258 .
  • Doxford vs. Ropner . In: Fenton, Roy (Ed.): Ships in Focus . J. & M. Clarkson, 1997, ISSN  1363-1675 , pp. 258-260 .
  • Rolf Schönknecht; Uwe Laue: Ocean Freighters of World Shipping , Volume 2, transpress Verlag, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-344-00282-1 .
  • Alfred Dudszus, Alfred Köpcke: The big book of ship types . Weltbild Verlag (licensed edition by transpress, Berlin), Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89350-831-7 , p. 284.