Vediusgymnasium

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The Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus from the south
The Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus. Marble hall
The Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus. latrine

The Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus (in today's Turkey ) is a Roman bathing facility of the thermal high school type.

The building, opened between 147 and 149 AD, represents a combination of a Roman thermal baths ( Latin thermae ) of the type of the great imperial thermal baths and a Greek gymnasium ( Greek  γυμνάσιον ). In addition to the port, theater and eastern high school, this is currently of the emperor Antoninus Pius , Vediusgymnasium built the youngest imperial bath-high school complex in Ephesus.

The approximately 13,000 m² building in the north of the city is aligned on an east-west oriented longitudinal axis and has a symmetrical floor plan. The main bathing rooms ( caldarium , tepidarium and frigidarium with natatio ) are located along the longitudinal axis . The caldarium in the west of the complex is also flanked by tepidariums and unctoria. Two large apodyteries north and south of the frigidarium served as changing rooms. The system was largely operated via the substructure floor. A large, double-T-shaped hall (basilica thermarum) mediates between the thermal baths and the grammar school . In the eastern part of the bathroom block, a richly furnished marble hall opens up towards the grammar school, which could be used for representative purposes. One latrine each on the bathroom level and one on the substructure level served the human needs of the pool visitors as well as passers-by, who could also use the semi-public facilities. While the thermal baths were used for bathing , personal hygiene and as a social meeting point, the grammar school with its palaestra was used for physical exercise, intellectual training and all kinds of events.

The building, named after its founder (M. Claudius P. Vedius Antoninus Phaedrus Sabinianus), remained in use as a bathroom after a major revitalization in the first quarter of the 5th century until the end of the 5th century. In the second half of the 6th century it was destroyed by a great fire.

literature

  • Martino La Torre: Report on the resumption of building research at the Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus . In: Gabriele Koiner, Manfred Lehner, Thuri Lorenz , Gerda Schwarz (eds.): Files from the 10th Austrian Archaeological Conference in Graz November 7–9, 2003 . Graz 2006, ISBN 3-901232-70-2 , pp. 97-106 (publications by the Institute for Archeology at the Karl-Franzens University Graz 6).
  • Martino La Torre: The Vedius High School in Ephesus . In: Gilbert Wiplinger (Ed.): Cura Aquarum in Ephesus. Proceedings of the Twelfth International Congress on the History of Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering in the Mediterranean Region, Ephesus / Selçuk, October 2–10, 2004 . Vienna 2006, ISBN 9-042918-29-2 , pp. 87-93 (special publications of the Austrian Archaeological Institute 42).
  • Peter Scherrer (Ed.): Ephesos. The new leader . Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-900305-18-8 .
  • Martin Steskal, Martino La Torre: The Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus . In: Annual Books of the Austrian Archaeological Institute 70, Vienna 2001, pp. 221–244.
  • Martin Steskal: On the foundations of M. Claudius P. Vedius Antoninus Phaedrus Sabinianus and their echo in Ephesus . In: Tyche 16, Vienna 2001, pp. 177–188.
  • Martin Steskal: Comments on the function of the palaces in the Ephesian bath-high school complexes . In: Annual Issues of the Austrian Archaeological Institute 72, Vienna 2003, pp. 227–239.
  • Martin Steskal: The Ephesian thermal high schools. On the usability and function of an imperial building type over the centuries . In: Nikephoros 16, Graz / Innsbruck / Cologne 2003, pp. 157–172.
  • Martin Steskal, Sabine Ladstätter: Preliminary report on the building history of the Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus . In: Annual Issues of the Austrian Archaeological Institute 73, Vienna 2004, pp. 237–249.
  • Martin Steskal, Martino La Torre: The Vediusgymnasium in Ephesus . Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-7001-3950-8 (Research in Ephesos 14.1).

credentials

  1. ↑ For the history of use see: M. Steskal, S. Ladstätter: Preliminary report on the building history of the Vediusgymnasium in Ephesos . In: Annual Issues of the Austrian Archaeological Institute 73, Vienna 2004, pp. 237–249.

Coordinates: 37 ° 56 ′ 50 ″  N , 27 ° 20 ′ 43 ″  E