Villa rustica (Denning)
The villa rustica Denning was a Roman villa from the 2nd century AD.
location
The villa rustica was in the Munich district of Denning in 13 Bogenhausen district . The building traces excavated in 1928 lie in an area between Marienburger, Insterburger and Rößeler Straße and the place Zur Deutschen Einheit .
history
The villa was discovered in 1928 during road works at the northern end of the square Zur Deutschen Einheit during the construction of the Obermaier colony . Due to the time pressure due to the construction of the settlement, only rough rescue excavations could be carried out in 1928/1929 under the direction of Josef Maurer , then the excavations were filled in again and the settlement continued. In 1972 further selective excavations were carried out.
The Denninger Villa rustica was built towards the end of the 1st century AD. It was one of the numerous rural manors that supplied the Roman cities and military camps.
Traces of fire indicate that the villa was forcibly destroyed. This destruction was dated around the middle of the third century and could therefore be related to the 233 incursions of the Alemanni .
However, there are also finds such as B. Late Roman glass vessels, glazed mortars and argon sigillata that date from this time, including coins from the time of Emperor Theodosius I (379/383) found in 1972 . Objects dated later have not yet been found. It follows that after its destruction, the villa was inhabited again at least until the end of the fourth century. It is not known when the villa was finally left.
description
The area excavated in 1928 had an extension of 160 m in east-west direction and 130 m in north-south direction. The area was about 2 hectares. Further excavations carried out in 1972 indicate that the villa also extended further west.
During the excavations, the foundation walls of seven houses and a Roman thermal bath building were exposed. In addition, several wells and post pits as well as two row grave fields from the 7th century were found.
The thermal bath building has a floor plan of 9 × 9 m and three apses , one in the middle of the northwest side and two adjacent at the north end of the northeast side. On the south-west side there was a two-part vestibule, in the central axis of the building there was the cold bath ( frigidarium ) with a tub embedded in the apse and in the east the lukewarm bath ( tepidarium ), and on the northeast side the warm bath ( caldarium ) with one basin each in the two apse niches and to the east of them a heating chamber. The bathroom windows were glazed.
literature
- Willibald Karl (Ed.): Villages on the brick land . Daglfing-Denning-Englschalking-Johanneskirchen-Zamdorf. Buchendorfer, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-934036-90-1 .
- Wolfgang Czysz : The Roman estate in Munich-Denning and the Roman settlement of the Munich gravel plain. Kallmünz 1974 (catalogs of the Prehistoric State Collection 16).
- Wolfgang Czysz in: W. Czysz u. a .: The Romans in Bavaria. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-11-6 , p. 433f.
Web links
- Villa rustica and Römerbad on the website of the Association for District Culture in the Munich Northeast eV
Coordinates: 48 ° 9 ′ 6 ″ N , 11 ° 38 ′ 38 ″ E