Vix note

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Eastern border of Hungary in May 1919 and the area to be cleared

The document in which Lieutenant Colonel Fernand Vix requested the evacuation of Eastern Hungary by Hungarian troops in 1919 is called the Vix Note .

After the collapse of Austria-Hungary , the constituent states were under foreign supervision. On March 20, 1919, the head of the Entente military mission in Budapest, French Lieutenant Colonel Fernand Vix, presented the Hungarian government with the document known today as the Vix Note , a resolution of the Paris Peace Conference of February 26, 1919, by means of which the military evacuation of Eastern Hungary up to and including Debrecen and Szeged within 36 hours. The underlying idea behind this demarcation line or neutral zone in Transylvania , which is much less favorable for Hungary, was to prevent the further spread of communism. At the same time, this would have meant giving up its eastern territories for Hungary, because Romanian troops were to move into the areas to be evacuated and place these areas under Romanian administration.

After the Hungarian Prime Minister Dénes Berinkey did not want to accept this, he resigned together with the government and Count Mihály Károlyi, who was appointed provisional president of the young republic in January 1919 . Károlyi handed over the power of government to the opposition Social Democratic Party, since in view of the enormous foreign and domestic political pressure no bourgeois party was ready to accept or reject the Vix Note.

However, the Social Democrats had previously and without the knowledge of Károlyis started negotiations with the imprisoned leaders of the Communist Party and in particular with Béla Kun , which led to the unification of the two parties on March 21, 1919. This new Socialist Party of Hungary immediately formed the Revolutionary Governing Council , which proclaimed a council republic . The Communists came to power peacefully, and the government was supported by a broad population.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jörn Leonhard: The overwhelmed peace: Versailles and the world 1918-1923 . Munich: Beck 2018. ISBN 978-3-406-72506-7 ( online at Google Books )