White certificate
White certificates ( English (tradable) white certificates ) are evidence of energy efficiency measures .
White certificates are systems in which market players, mainly energy suppliers and network operators , are required to achieve a specific savings target within a specified period and to implement energy efficiency measures for consumers . The certificates prove the energy-saving measures in terms of quantity and period. The actor receives corresponding certificates for the energy savings he has made, which he can either use to achieve his own obligation or sell to other obligated market actors. If an obligated energy supplier or distributor has not accumulated any or too few certificates, they face a penalty fee.
Trading in white certificates is considered to be one of the main tools for improving energy efficiency. They have existed in Great Britain and Italy since 2005 , in France and the Belgian region of Flanders since 2006 , in the Australian states of New South Wales , Victoria and South Australia since 2009 , and in Poland since 2012.
In Germany, the discussion about the introduction of a white certificate system has not yet been conducted in depth.
literature
- Veit Bürger / Kirsten Wiegmann: Energy saving quota and white certificates (working paper) . Öko-Institut Freiburg / Darmstadt. January 2007 ( PDF; 1 MB ).
Web links
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ ENSPOL: White Certificate Scheme in Poland