Z-Drug

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Structural formula of zolpidem

The anglicism Z-Drugs , which means something like Z-substances or Z-drugs , describes a class of sleeping pills ( non-benzodiazepine agonists ), which include the drugs zolpidem , zopiclone [also as ( S ) -zopiclone ] and Count Zaleplon . These substances are so called because their names all start with the letter Z start. Z-Drugs have a sleep-inducing effect, but less pronounced also have an anxiolytic , anticonvulsant and muscle-relaxing effect . It is now believed that the dependence potential which the benzodiazepines equivalent.

Zopiclone is the most commonly prescribed sleep aid today.

The following table gives an overview of the Z-Hypnotics.

Active ingredient Trade name (s) Effect type Chemical name Plasma half-life
(metabolite half-life ) 		Equivalent dose to 10 mg diazepam Year of
launch
Zaleplon Sonata (USA),
Starnoc (CA),
Zaleplon (USA) 		non- benzodiazepine hypnotic / sedative N- [3- (3-Cyanopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidin-7-yl) phenyl] - N -ethylacetamide 1 h 20 mg 1999
Zolpidem Ambien (USA),
Bikalm (D),
Dorlotit (CH),
Edluar (D),
Stilnox (D, CH, I, F, E, GB, CZ),
Zoldem (D, A),
Zoldorm (CH),
Zolpi -Lich (D),
Zolpi-Q (D),
various generics 		non- benzodiazepine hypnotic / sedative N, N-Dimethyl-2- (6-methyl-2-p -tolylimidazo [1,2-a] pyridin-3-yl) acetamide 1.5 to 2.5 h 20 mg 1992
Zopiclone Amoban ,
Dopareel ,
Optiddorm (D),
Imovane (D, CH),
Optidorm (D),
Somnal (A),
Somnosan (D),
Ximovan (D),
Zimovane ,
Zopiclodura (D),
Zopiclone (CH),
Zopitin ( CZ),
various generics 		non- benzodiazepine hypnotic / sedative [6- (5-chloropyridin-2-yl) -5-oxo-7 ~ {H} -pyrrolo [3,4-b] pyrazin-7-yl] 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate 2 to 6 h 15 mg 1986

Individual evidence

  1. ^ PT Tyrer et al .: Cambridge Textbook of Effective Treatments in Psychiatry . Cambridge University Press, 2008, ISBN 0-521-84228-X , pp. 402 ff., Books.google.de
  2. ↑ Drug addiction - DHS: "Pharmacies are a duty" . DAZ.online.
  3. ↑ vigo care service - addiction prevention - medication . AOK health partner - Rhineland / Hamburg.
  4. ^ AB Makar, KE McMartin, M. Palese, TR Tephly: formats assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning . In: Biochemical Medicine . tape 13 , no. 2 , June 1975, ISSN  0006-2944 , pp. 117-126 , doi : 10.1016 / 0006-2944 (75) 90147-7 , PMID 1 .
  5. ↑ Frank Schneider, Sabrina Weber (eds.): Clinic Manual - Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy. Springer, Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-78466-1 , p. 209.
  6. ↑ a b c Otto Benkert, Hanns Hippius: Compendium of Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy . Springer-Verlag, 2019, ISBN 978-3-662-57334-1 , pp. 634-640 .
  7. ↑ a b c Benzodiazepine conversion table from Jan Dreher on www.psychiatrietogo.de