Zischägge
| Zischägge | |
|---|---|
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| Information | |
| Weapon type: | Protective weapon |
| Designations: | Zischägge, Pappenheimer, Hussar hood, Hungarian balaclava, Lobster Tail Helmet |
| Use: | helmet |
| Region of origin / author: |
Europe , armory |
| Distribution: | Europe |
| Lists on the subject | |
The Zischägge (also known as Hussar hood , Hungarian balaclava or Pappenheimer helmet , Hungarian huszársisak or rákfarkas sisak, English lobster tail helmet) is a riding helmet developed under oriental influences , which was widespread in large parts of Europe in the 17th century . One of the regional variants is the Polish Zischägge .
description
In its most common form, it consisted of a hemispherical helmet bell, a long, pushed-back neck shield, cheek flaps with ear roses and a flat eyeshield with adjustable nose iron that was fixed with a wing screw.
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The zischägge ( shishak ), which goes back to Turkish models, was used by the Hungarian hussars as sisak around the middle of the 16th century with an originally onion-shaped bell, a short visor and a neck visor that was mostly pushed twice . It was also used by Polish riders under the name szyszak . Since the turn of the 17th century, it spread in a modified form in Central Europe and was initially part of the armament of arquebus riders and dragoons . In the course of the 1630s, the Zischägge replaced the coat helmet as the preferred head protection for heavy cavalry. Towards the end of the 17th century it gave way to the felt hat in most European armies, but was still used by Bavarian and Austrian cuirassiers in the fight against the Ottoman Turks into the 18th century .
One of the variants of the Zischägge is the English three-bar pot with a sloping visor to which three rods welded together at their lower ends were attached. Another variant is the winged helmet, which was used by the Polish Hussaria at the turn of the 18th century . On the side of the bell of the winged helmet, there were two ribbed metal wings with openings in the shape of a heart and holes, which primarily served a decorative purpose.
literature
- Christian Beaufort-Spontin : Armor and weapon of Europe. The military equipment in the 17th century (= library for lovers of art and antiques. Vol. 57). Klinkhardt & Biermann, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-7814-0209-6 .
- Heinrich Müller, Fritz Kunter: European helmets from the collection of the Museum of German History. 2nd, expanded and revised edition. Military publishing house of the GDR , Berlin 1984.
