Altengronau

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Altengronau
community Sinntal
Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 2 ″  N , 9 ° 36 ′ 57 ″  E
Height : 222 m above sea level NHN
Area : 11.87 km²
Residents : 1248  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 105 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1974
Postal code : 36391
Area code : 06665

Altengronau is a village and part of the community Sinntal in the East Hessian Main-Kinzig district .

geography

location

The place is located on the northeastern edge of the wooded Spessart Nature Park , as well as on the southwestern edge of the Rhön Biosphere Reserve or the Brückenauer Kuppenrhön . The local situation lies on the right bank below the union of the broad sense and the narrow sense . In Altengronau the Gronau flows into the Sinn. Altengronau lies on the Hessian-Bavarian border.

Neighboring places

Sinntal- Neuengronau
Main-Kinzig-Kreis 		Sinntal- Mottgers
Main-Kinzig-Kreis
Wind rose small.svg Markt Zeitlofs
district of Bad Kissingen
Sinntal- Jossa Main-Kinzig-Kreis
 Market Obersinn
Main Spessart district

history

Origins

Altengronau was first mentioned in a document written in Latin , according to which a certain Hainradus bequeathed the place Gruona above the river Gaza (today: Jossa ) to the monastery of Echternach for his salvation ; The only date on the document is the tenth year of Charlemagne's kings .

Karl became the sole ruler of the Frankish Empire in 771 after his brother Karlmann died on December 4th. According to the explanations of the Luxembourg historian Henri-Camille Wampach on the dating of the Echternach documents, the donation by Hainradus was dated to the year 780. This date is commonly used today as the first documentary mention of Altengronau.

Deviating from this, recent research suggests that Charles's reign as king be dated from 768. After Karl's father Pippin died on September 24th, 768, a meeting on October 9th elected his sons Karl and Karlmann jointly as kings in the Franconian Empire; Karlmann rules the south-eastern part of the empire, Karl the other part. If one follows this interpretation, the deed of donation of Hainradus and thus the first documentary mention of Altengronau is to be dated to the years 777 or 778.

Time of the Holy Roman Empire

On March 19, 907 the place Altengronau, it is referred to as locus , came into the possession of the monastery Fulda through the exchange of goods between the monasteries Echternach and Fulda ; The East Franconian King Ludwig the child made the exchange before the Reichstag in Fürth (?). Altengronau is then described as Gronhaa in Salagowe (Gronau im Saalgau ).

The fortunes of the place were largely determined by the old Franconian knight dynasty of the Lords of Hutten from around 1300 to 1648 . Together with the Altengronau court , these formed a separate judicial district that also extended to numerous neighboring towns.

Ludwig von Hutten, who is mentioned in a document issued on June 21, 1300, is considered the progenitor of the von Hutten zu Gronau family. It is assumed that Ludwig lived in "the old house" - the first castle complex in Altengronau, for whose existence there are no archaeological findings, but whose location is assumed to be in the forest on the Frauenberg. The von Hutten built a total of four castles in Altengronau, two of which have been preserved to this day.

In the Holy Roman Empire , Altengronau's history is characterized by frequent changes in ownership. So the place belonged u. a. to the rule of Hanau and was given in 1376 by Ulrich IV von Hanau to Ludwig "the Elder" von Hutten against a loan as a pledge. Altengronau later belonged to the County of Hanau (subsequently to the County of Hanau-Münzenberg ) and was given fiefdom to Lorenz von Hutten in 1478 by Philip I of Hanau-Münzenberg . However, the Counts of Hanau did not succeed in integrating Altengronau firmly into the territorialization of their county. The influence of the lords of Hutten and other noble houses such as von Thüngen was always present here.

In 1648, the possessions of the Lords von Hutten zu Gronau , which had been destroyed in the Thirty Years' War , were sold by Philipp Daniel von Hutten to Amalie Elisabeth von Hanau-Münzenberg , Landgrave of Hessen-Kassel - subject to his continued membership in the imperial register. This ended the rule of the Lords of Hutten in Altengronau, which had lasted since the 13th century.

The main line of the Lords von Hutten zu Gronau died out with the death of Johann Hartmann on January 17, 1704 in Sannerz .

Later territorial development

After the death of the last Hanau Count Johann Reinhard III. in 1736 the Landgraves of Hessen-Kassel inherited the entire county of Hanau-Munzenberg. Altengronau later belonged to the Electorate of Hesse and temporarily to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt (1810 to 1813) during the Napoleonic period . After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, during which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, Altengronau belonged to the district of Schlüchtern and the Schwarzenfels judicial office .

In the course of administrative reform in Hesse until then independent neighboring Neuengronau was on a voluntary basis on December 1, 1969 incorporated . By virtue of state law, Altengronau became a district of the Sinntal community on July 1, 1974, and with the dissolution of the Schlüchtern district, it became part of the Main-Kinzig district. For Altengronau and Neuengronau, as for the other districts, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was formed.

Name development

Altengronau was mentioned under the following names in documents that have been preserved (the year it was mentioned in brackets):

  • Gronhaa (907)
  • Grunaha (1166)
  • Grunau (1346)
  • Old Gronaw (1358)
  • Burggronau

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• Before 1618: 35 households
• 1747: 50 households
• 1812: 75 fire places, 791 inhabitants
• 1821: 75 houses
Altengronau: Population from 1812 to 2017
year     Residents
1812
  
 791
1834
  
 747
1840
  
 738
1846
  
 823
1852
  
 824
1858
  
 796
1864
  
 801
1871
  
 1,375
1875
  
 835
1885
  
 833
1895
  
 891
1905
  
 982
1910
  
 1,027
1925
  
 1,019
1939
  
 1,037
1946
  
 1,591
1950
  
 1,516
1956
  
 1,338
1961
  
 1,268
1967
  
 1,315
1970
  
 1,711
1979
  
 1,347
1990
  
 1,398
1995
  
 1,421
2000
  
 1,390
2005
  
 1,346
2010
  
 1,283
2015
  
 1,281
2017
  
 1,271
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; after 1970: Sinntal community

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 0648 Protestant (= 97.15%), 2 Catholic (= 0.30%), 17 Jewish (= 2.55%) residents
• 1961: 1104 Protestant (= 87.07%), 153 Catholic (= 12.07%) residents

Culture and sights

Buildings

Ascension Church with old cemetery, from the south
A bridge fee had to be paid in the 18th century to pass the picturesque old bridge over the Sinn, which was built in its current form in 1753 and bears the coat of arms of the Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel; The customs house on the main road also dates from this time.
  • Spiegelglashütte
From 1765 to 1791 there was a mirror glass factory in Altengronau (as a subsidiary of the Schwarzenfels blue paint factory in Mottgers, which was built by the Hessian landgraves). The mirrors produced in the Sinntal were important and were also exported to neighboring countries. The house of the manager of the Altengronauer Glashütte has been preserved to this day; the approximately 30 meter long factory building, however, has disappeared.
  • Mills
Two mills were located in the south-east of the village at a ditch branching off from the Sinn: the so-called Mühle Altengronau , a grain, saw and oil mill (closed in 1975), and a paper mill, which was later used by the Gerhäuser marble works , which is now also closed was continued to be used.

Natural monuments

Outside the Altengronau location there are the following nature reserves , which are of supraregional importance due to the species found here:

Regular events

  • Carnival parade (alternating every two years with the neighboring community of Zeitlofs )
  • High-Low Beach Party (annually)
  • Chess flower festival of the Altengronau women's association (every year between the second half of April and the first half of May)
  • Tent fair (annually on the weekend of the first Sunday in September)
  • Christmas market on the village square

societies

  • Alegrüner Fosenöchter e. V.
  • ARGE Altengronauer associations
  • Friends of Ev. Altengronau Church
  • Football club Viktoria 1928/73 e. V.
  • High Low
  • church choir
  • Rural women's association Altengronau
  • Male choir Sangeslust
  • Model flight Gronautal
  • Classic car and tractor friends
  • Quärchstiefel e. V.
  • Rifle Club Altengronau 1924
  • Gymnastics and Sports Club 1911 e. V.
  • Verkehrs- und Heimatverein e. V. Altengronau

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

  • The railway - Hanover-Würzburg high-speed railway crosses the municipality. The 2353 m long Altengronauer Forst tunnel forms a striking section of the route .
  • The Flieden – Gemünden line crosses the municipality. The former Altengronau Nord stop is no longer served today. The 208 m long Ziegenberg tunnel forms a striking section of the route .
  • The Jossa – Wildflecken railway served the Altengronau Süd stop in the municipality until the line was closed on March 31, 2005 .
  • The bus route 91 of the Verkehrsgesellschaft Region Fulda mbH (VGF) has been connecting Altengronau with Jossa and Schlüchtern since December 2006.

tourism

Personalities

literature

  • Hans Elm (ed.): Chronicle and commemorative publication for the 1200th anniversary of the independent community of Altengronau 780 to 1980 , Schneider-Druck, Zeitlofs 1980.
  • G. Landau: Historical-topographical description of the desolate places in the Electorate of Hesse ... = Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies, 7th Supplement. Kassel 1858, pp. 633-634.
  • Heinrich Reimer: Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen. Publications of the historical commission for Hessen 14, 1926 p. 184 (with office and court).
  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 366.
  • Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 40. Hanau 2003, pp. 415-418.
  • Literature about Altengronau in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Altengronau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Inhabitants, dates and directions. In: Internet presence. Sinntal community, archived from the original ; accessed in June 2018 . (Data from web archive).
  2. ↑ Hans Elm (ed.): Chronicle and commemorative publication for the 1200th anniversary of the independent community of Altengronau 780 to 1980 , Schneider-Druck, Zeitlofs 1980, page 19
  3. ↑ Camillus Wampach: History of the Echternach rulership in the early Middle Ages: Studies on the person of the founder, on the monastery and economic history on the basis of the liber aureus Epternacensis (698-1222) Luxembourg art print, 1929 No. 82
  4. ^ Heinrich Wagner: On the foundation of the Weissenburg and Echternach monasteries and their work in Mainfranken. In: Archive for Middle Rhine Church History 55 (2003) pp. 103–146, here p. 143
  5. ^ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg: Document of March 19, 907
  6. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1 (767-1300) Publications from the Royal Prussian State Archives, Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 No. 37.
    Theodor Schieffer (Ed.): Diplomata 11: The documents of Zwentibold and Ludwig of the child (Zwentiboldi et Ludowici Infantis Diplomata). Berlin 1960, pp. 178–179 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )
  7. ↑ see also the history of the city of Fürth
  8. ↑ Hoffmann, Hermann (arrangement): The oldest fief book of the Würzburg Monastery 1303-1345 , Würzburg 1972, No. 375
  9. ^ Georg-Wilhelm Hanna : Ministeriality, power and mediatization. The knight nobles von Hutten, their social position in church and state until the end of the Old Kingdom = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 44. Hanau, 2007. ISBN 3-935395-08-6 = Diss. Bamberg 2006, page 319 on the OPUS server , PDF , 7,024 kB
  10. ↑ StA Marburg, Z 17, No. 8898/3: 48
  11. ↑ Ledderhose, Konrad Wilhelm: Contributions to the description of the church state of the Hessen-Casselischen Lande , Kassel 1780, page 468
  12. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Gelnhausen, Hanau and Schlüchtern and the city of Hanau as well as the recirculation of the cities of Fulda, Hanau and Marburg (Lahn) concerning questions (GVBl. 330-26) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 149 , § 15 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  13. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 377 .
  14. ↑ main statute. (PDF; 529 kB) §; 5. In: Website. Sinntal community, accessed February 2019 .
  15. ↑ a b c d Altengronau, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 25, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  16. ^ Thomas Klein: Outline of the German administrative history 1815-1845 . Row A: Prussia. Volume 11: Hessen-Nassau including predecessor states. Marburg 1979, p. 115
  17. ↑ Budget statute for the 2019 budget (PDF; 2.8 MB) Statistical information. Sinntal community, p. 41 , archived from the original ; accessed in January 2019 .