Staden Castle

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Staden Castle
Preserved gate tower of Staden Castle

Preserved gate tower of Staden Castle

Alternative name (s): Ysenburg Castle, Ysenburg
Creation time : Mid 12th century
Castle type : Niederungsburg
Conservation status: Two towers and an early modern building have been preserved
Standing position : Gentry
Construction: Hunchback cuboid on little remaining building remains of the inner castle
Place: Florstadt - Staden
Geographical location 50 ° 19 '55.1 "  N , 8 ° 54' 37.8"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 19 '55.1 "  N , 8 ° 54' 37.8"  E
Height: 122  m above sea level NN
Staden Castle (Hesse)
Staden Castle

The castle Staden (also lock Ysenburg ) is a medieval moated castle unknown-sized assignment on the northern outskirts of Staden , a district of Florstadt in Wetteraukreis in Hesse .

Tower of the main castle, reconstructed as a transformer station
Renaissance building at Ysenburg Castle

location

The remains of the castle are located on a river island surrounded by the Nidda and a side arm later used as the mill stream of the castle mill to the west. The location in the river valley required the facility in the form of a moated castle.

Not far from the castle grounds, the Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes runs past in a north-south direction. A small Roman fort ( Kleinastell Staden ) was located at the opposite, southern end of the village.

history

Mentioned for the first time in 1156, when the noble Wortwin gave the castle to the Fulda monastery as a fief. The castle is likely to have been built shortly before it was first mentioned, i.e. around the middle of the 12th century. Wortwin is possibly identical with an Ortwin mentioned in a document between 1133 and 1145 , and thus a brother of Gerlach von Büdingen .

In 1233 the castle was owned by Gerlach von Büdingen and his relatives Heinrich and Gerlach von Isenburg (later Counts of Isenburg ). When the Lords of Büdingen died out, the facility remained on the Isenburg-Limburg line . Johann I of Limburg acquired the town charter for the place in 1304 and had the Fulda fiefdom renewed in 1308.

Johann II of Isenburg-Limburg sold the castle to several noble families in 1405. The Ganerbschaft Staden was distributed over 19 partners who were taken into account in the truce . Later the castle was part of the Burggrafschaft Friedberg , the Löw von Steinfurth family and the Counts of Isenburg-Büdingen . The Löw von Steinfurth had a castle built outside the castle in 1746, the Löw'sche Schloss .

The Ganerbe probably had several mansions built in the area of ​​the outer bailey, of which only the Renaissance building known today as Ysenburg Castle , built in 1574, has been preserved. The name is likely to be of a more recent date, as the facility did not become fully owned by Isenburg-Büdingen until 1788. The fortifications of the castle had largely fallen into disrepair or dismantled by this time. The area of ​​the outer bailey was leased from 1821, and finally run as an agricultural estate from 1852.

investment

Core castle

Parts of the curtain wall in the meadow area are visible from the core castle to the north . You can see brickwork made of humpback blocks. A wall tower was reconstructed as a transformer station.

Ysenburg Castle

The outer bailey is now occupied by an estate, the entrance to which is located between the preserved gate tower and the castle building in the form of a bridge over the Nidda. The so-called Ysenburg Castle consists of a three-story stone building with stepped gables or stepped gables with small steps. The second floor is made of plastered framework . On the courtyard side there is a round stair tower and a portal dated 1574. On the south side of the building there is a two-storey porch as an entrance area, which can be reached via a small footbridge with the coats of arms of the Lords of Carben and that of Wolfskehl zu Vetzberg . A hotel and café has been located in the building since 1949.

Gate tower

To the west of today's bridge over the river and the castle building, the mighty former gate tower has been preserved, although its pointed arched gate was walled up at a later date. The tower was originally designed in the shape of a shell, as evidenced by the rear wall that was added later and was probably converted into a residential tower in the 16th century , which can also be proven by the installation of a fireplace on the first floor. On the fourth floor, the tower has key-shaped loopholes on three sides , and a few additional slot-shaped slits on the outside and inside.

literature

  • Karl Dielmann: 650 years of the city of Staden. The origin of castle and town. In: Wetterauer Geschichtsblätter 2, 1953, pp. 64–75.
  • Georg Ulrich Großmann : South Hesse. Art guide. Imhof, Petersberg 2004, ISBN 3-935590-66-0 , p. 122.
  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 341f.
  • Thomas Schilp: The Reichsburg Friedberg in the Middle Ages. Studies of their constitution, administration and politics. Bindernagel, Friedberg 1982, pp. 167-170.
  • Heinz Wionski: Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II, Part 1, Bad Nauheim to Florstadt. Published by the State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen , Vieweg, Braunschweig / Wiesbaden 1999, p. 522f. ISBN 3-528-06227-4 ( Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ).
  • Rolf Müller (Ed.): Palaces, castles, old walls. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , p. 116.

Web links

Commons : Burg Staden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Preserved in the Hessian State Archives Marburg (StA MR, documents R Ia, Stift Fulda 1156), the document also contains the - relatively late - first mention of Höchst in the Odenwald . See: Heinrich Wagner: The first naming of Höchst im Odenwald 1156. In: Verein für Heimatgeschichte Höchst eV (Hrsg.), Contributions to the history of Höchst im Odenwald , Höchst 2006