Reformed City Church (Vienna)

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Rectory and main front of the Reformed City Church on Dorotheergasse

The Reformed Church is a church building of the Evangelical Church of Helvetic Confession in Austria in the first  Viennese district of Inner City .

The church with its parsonage, located on the corner of a block of houses formed by narrow old town streets, was built as a tolerance prayer house for the reformed parish in Vienna , which was constituted in 1782 as a result of the tolerance patent . Gottlieb Nigelli was the architect of the classicist building complex built on the site of an abandoned monastery from 1783 to 1784 . During a renovation carried out in 1887 according to plans by Ignaz Sowinski , the Reformed City Church was given a neo-baroque single - tower facade. According to the Reformed interpretation of the Second Commandment, the interior of the church is without images.

The Reformed City Church is the seat of the Evangelical Parish HB Innere Stadt and the Evangelical Church HB in Austria. In addition, the church houses several foreign-language worship congregations, which are legally organized differently, and is a cultural venue.

The church is a listed building .

history

prehistory

Queen Monastery. After a bird's eye view from the Cosmographia Austriaco-Franciscana by Placidus Herzog (1740)

Protestant church services in Vienna were forbidden until Emperor Joseph II's tolerance patent was issued in 1781 . During the time of the Counter Reformation , secret Protestantism in Austria was more remote. Despite protests from the Archbishops of Vienna, an exception that was tolerated by the state was the Reformed church services in the rooms of the Dutch embassy in Vienna. These services were also accessible to the Viennese population. The sermons were given in German. The first legation preacher known by name was Philipp Otto Vietor , who worked in Vienna from 1671 to 1673.

The religious service community of the Dutch legation formed the nucleus for the Vienna Reformed Congregation ( H. B. ), which was constituted on March 2, 1782 according to the tolerance patent. The parish appointed the previous minister, Carl Wilhelm Hilchenbach, as the first pastor . On March 13, 1782, the community bought the farm buildings of the former royal monastery for 23,900  guilders in order to build a tolerance prayer house with a rectory in their place . The monastery, which according to a contemporary description of the travel writer Friedrich Nicolai had a "miserable reputation", was one of the first to be dissolved in the course of the Josephine church reform. The Vienna Lutheran Congregation ( A. B. ), like the Reformed Church, was founded as a result of the tolerance patent. She acquired the former monastery church adjoining the farm buildings, which was converted into the Lutheran town church . The farm buildings were demolished. Gottlieb Nigelli , a sub-architect in the court building department and protégé of State Chancellor Wenzel Kaunitz, was entrusted with the planning of the reformed prayer house . Nigelli was not a recognized and experienced architect when the contract was awarded.

Building history

Construction as a tolerance prayer house (1783–1784) and first adaptations

One of the two classicist domes of the Toleranzbethaus

The foundation stone for the tolerance prayer house was laid on March 26, 1783. According to the provisions of the tolerance patent, the building was not allowed to be recognizable as a church from the outside and had no street-side entrance. Nigelli therefore designed the street facade in the style of a simple residential building and hid the two main portals in an inner courtyard that cannot be seen from the alley. When designing the interior, the architect was free and chose a classical style that was progressive for his time . The prayer house was consecrated on December 25, 1784.

The industrialist and banker Johann von Fries , who had made the largest financial contribution to the construction of the prayer house, had the Fries-Pallavicini palace built on another plot of the former royal monastery at the same time . The architect of the classicist palace was Johann Ferdinand Hetzendorf von Hohenberg , Nigelli's superior in the court building department. A controversy in several magazines and leaflets broke out between the supporters of both architects about the artistic quality of the new buildings. At the Palais Fries-Pallavicini, the unusual proportions of the outside and the magnificent caryatids Franz Anton von Zauner at the main portal were criticized - "the architect's intention seems to deliberately to pull the eye away from the essence of the building in order not to notice the flaws of the whole." In contrast, in the Reformed house of prayer, the difficult task “to draw the line between extravagant splendor and raw simplicity” had succeeded; and woe to the architect who is not philosopher enough before he picks up the drawing material. ”The anonymous author of these lines, presumably Nigelli himself, was replied anonymously and probably from Hohenberg's pen that he was“ Vienna's Trasyllus ”, alluding to it that ancient philosopher who morally discredited himself by cultivating a close friendship with Emperor Tiberius . As a result of the controversy, Hohenberg had Nigelli transferred from Vienna to the Provincial Building Directorate in Brno .

The Reformed and Lutheran congregations in Vienna founded a joint school in 1794, the classrooms of which were originally located in the rectories of the two congregations, which were connected to one another by a breakthrough in the fire wall on the first floor that was later bricked up again. Since 1862 the school has been housed in a building on Karlsplatz .

Archduchess Henriette of Austria , a born princess of Nassau-Weilburg , retained her Reformed faith even after her marriage to Archduke Karl of Austria in 1815 and her move to Vienna. However, an archduchess considered it unworthy to have to use a back door in an inner courtyard when attending a church service. The court architect Johann Amann therefore received approval for a structural solution in 1815 that took into account the restrictions of the tolerance patent. He had a gate break through in the side facade of the prayer house on the street side, which initially led into an intermediate corridor that was declared not to belong to the actual sacred space. The so-called Henrietta Gate was also allowed to be used exclusively by the Archduchess. In the summer of 1830, six months after Henriette's death, the gate was walled up again.

Reconstruction from 1887

Ignaz Sowinski's design for the new main facade

The Protestant patent of 1861 granted the Protestants in Austria more extensive rights than the tolerance patent issued 80 years earlier. So it was now possible to give the house of prayer the appearance of a church from the outside. The community leadership finally took the decision to redesign it in 1885 after many years of deliberations. In addition to the external visualization of the church, the rectory should also be adapted to the living requirements of the time. The architect Ignaz Sowinski emerged as the winner from a public tender in 1887 . Sowinski, a student of Heinrich von Ferstel , was only just beginning his career.

Construction work began on August 8th, 1887. The exterior of the building was completely changed and designed in the neo-baroque style. The reformed prayer house became the first Protestant church in Vienna with a steeple. Sowinski also provided the now neo-baroque main facade facing Dorotheergasse with a new main portal. The neo-baroque, supported theoretically by the art historian Albert Ilg , increasingly developed into an Austrian “national style” in the 1880s. The side facade facing Stallburggasse has also been redesigned.

The new main entrance made it necessary to redesign the interior. The positions of the pulpit and organ were swapped and the interior of the church was subsequently rotated by 180 degrees. In the course of this, a new organ gallery was built in the original apse above the main portal . The existing gallery on the right-hand side was expanded and the total number of seats increased to 205. The rectory largely retained its previous external appearance, while structural adaptations were made in its interior. Due to the damp walls on the ground floor, the rectory was built with a cellar. In the two floors above, the room layout was changed with new corridors. All sanitary facilities, gas, water and power lines, doors, windows and floors as well as the heating system were completely renewed. The two connecting tracts between the rectory and the church building were given a new shape with a newly built staircase and a newly built sacristy .

In the course of the renovation, costs that had not been estimated previously occurred. In the basement of the rectory, the remains of the foundations of the quarry stone masonry of the queen monastery first had to be removed with chiselling work, and the parsonage fire wall had to be subsequently provided with a foundation. The construction work could be completed on December 3, 1887 within the planned period, but the construction costs rose from the originally calculated 6500 guilders to 56,239 guilders.

Structural changes after 1887

After the renovation in 1887, the main features of the Reformed City Church remained unchanged. In 1895, three bells were installed in the church tower for the first time, named after their donors: Christoph and Berta Cloeter (the parents of the author Hermine Cloeter ), Philipp Ritter von Schoeller and members of the community . The state pulled in the bells for melting in 1916 during the First World War . After a collection among the community members, three bells were cast again in 1932 by the Pfundner bell foundry , of which the two larger bells were melted down during the Second World War . After a donation from presbyter Karl Matysek, the Grassmayr bell foundry cast two more bells and the one preserved bell in 1979.

Interior and exterior renovations were carried out first in 1901 and 1906, in the interwar period in 1928 and 1934 and in occupied Austria in 1952 and 1953. A comprehensive interior restoration in 1962 was characterized by an approach to the original classicist shape of the church, including parts of the original Wall paintings have been exposed. From 1979 to 1984 the entire building complex was restored. In April 1997, the Reformed City Church became the first church building in Austria with a photovoltaic system . The 30 square meter solar system attached to the church roof  has an annual electricity yield of around 2800  kilowatt hours . The last exterior restoration of the church was carried out in 1999. In the summer of 2006 the interior of the church was renovated and the community hall, kitchen and toilet facilities were renovated.

Usage history

The Reformed City Church is not only the seat of the Evangelical Parish HB Vienna Innere Stadt, but also the seat of the church leadership of the Evangelical Church HB in Austria, the Oberkirchenrat HB, and its church newspaper , the Reformed Church Gazette . Regular Sunday services have always started at ten o'clock since the beginning of church history.

In the first decades of its existence, the community celebrated the Tolerance Festival around October 13th, which commemorated the tolerance patent of Emperor Joseph II of October 13, 1781. In the revolutionary year of 1848 this tradition was abandoned and instead a service was introduced on the occasion of Reformation Day on October 31. Other widespread Christian festive services have only existed in the Reformed City Church since the second half of the 20th century: Christmas mass has been celebrated annually since 1957 and Easter vigil since 1972. The Palm Thursday service, first celebrated in 1969, always takes place on the Thursday before Palm Sunday . At the time of its inception, it was the only service in Vienna where members of other denominations were officially invited to take part in the Lord's Supper.

Karol Kuzmány, lithograph by Josef Kriehuber (1866)

There were - and still are - services in other languages. In 1851 the theology professor Karol Kuzmány and his students began to hold regular Czech-language services in the Reformed City Church. This tradition was continued by the High Church Councilor Heřman z Tardy , who came from Prussian Silesia and was appointed to Vienna in 1867 . Tardy initiated an association in 1891 with the aim of founding their own Czech Reformed church and setting up their own community center. This plan was thwarted by the general financial collapse after the First World War. Church services in Czech continued to take place regularly until 1945 and occasionally until 1969.

Furthermore, from 1868 until shortly before the First World War, two guest preachers held a French -speaking one every Sunday after the German-language service . Since the beginning of the 20th century, there were occasional Hungarian-language services in the Reformed City Church, which were usually organized by the Reformed Church in Hungary . The numerous refugees of the Reformed denomination who came to Austria as a result of the Hungarian popular uprising of 1956 gave rise to the establishment of the Hungarian Pastoral Care Service (USD), which is organized as a work of the Evangelical Church H. B. in Austria. The USD services in the Reformed City Church take place every Sunday at 5 p.m. The Vienna Community Church (VCC), an interdenominational association founded in 1957, also celebrates English-language services in the Reformed City Church, every Sunday at 12 noon.

Every year the Reformed community organizes a charitable Advent market in the inner courtyard , called "Henriettenmarkt". It is named after the Reformed Archduchess Henriette of Austria, who had a Christmas tree decorated with candles set up in Vienna in 1816 , as she knew it from her native Nassau-Weilburg. The custom, previously unknown in Vienna, is said to have been adopted by Emperor Franz I in the Hofburg and by other Viennese aristocratic families. In the first half of the 20th century there was an in-house church choir, the Evangelical Reformed Choir Association, which was led by Fritz Schreiber from 1924 .

The Reformed City Church also has a tradition as a concert venue. The blind court organist Josef Labor gave several concerts in the church from 1905 to 1907; in the 1930s the choir of the Vienna State Opera , the Vienna Men's Choir Association and the mezzo-soprano Rosette Anday sang here . The Mozart Boys' Choir performed regularly in the 1980s . During the church renovation in 2006, special attention was paid to the church's "concert maturity". For this purpose, a sound system was set up, the lighting improved and the Lord's Supper table fitted with castors. From 2004 to 2011, the Reformed City Church was also an annual venue for the Vienna Independent Shorts film festival .

Pastor and community leader

Pastor of the Reformed City Church
Surname Term of office
Carl Wilhelm Hilchenbach 1782-1816
Johann Friedrich Schobinger 1789-1790
Carl Cleynmann 1794-1815
Justus Hausknecht 1816-1834
Carl Wilhelm Faesi 1817-1829
Gottfried Franz 1829-1873
Hermann Theodor Ernst 1836-1861
Cornelius August Wilkens 1861-1879
Carl Alphon's joke 1874-1918
Friedrich Otto Schack 1880-1922
Gustav Zwernemann 1913-1946
Johann Karl Egli 1927-1952
Hermann Noltensmeier 1946-1963
Hermann Rippel 1956-1963
Alexander Abrahamowicz 1957-1990
Peter Karner 1965-2004
Erwin Liebert 1990-1995
Johannes Langhoff 1997-2017
Harald Kluge since 2005
Réka Juhász since 2017

As a rule, two pastors have been employed in the parish at the same time since 1789. Pastors Carl Wilhelm Hilchenbach , Justus Hausknecht , Gottfried Franz , Friedrich Otto Schack , Gustav Zwernemann , Johann Karl Egli and Peter Karner also held the highest office in the Evangelical Church HB in Austria as (regional) superintendents . The pastor Hermann Rippel was military superintendent of the Evangelical Church A. u. HB in Austria . Harald Kluge has currently held office in the Reformed City Church since 2005 and Pastor Réka Juhász since 2017.

Mayor Moritz von Fries and his wife Maria Theresia Josepha. Painting by Jean-Laurent Mosnier (around 1801)

From its foundation in 1782 until the Protestant patent in 1861, the Reformed congregation in Vienna was led by a four-person board of directors. To the rulers of the first hour included two influential Viennese bankers Swiss origin: Johann Heinrich Geymüller and even as a builder of the Palais Pallavicini Fries called Johann von Fries . His son Moritz von Fries became a member of the board of directors in 1807, Geymüller's nephew Johann Heinrich von Geymüller the Younger followed in 1819. With the industrialist Ludwig Brevillier, another well-known figure in the economic life of the Austrian Empire worked as chairman from 1841 . Also to be mentioned is Hermann Bonitz , who made a name for himself as a philologist, philosopher and school reformer in Vienna and Berlin and was a member of the college from 1860 to 1861.

A presbytery chaired by a curator took the place of the board of directors in 1861. In the Reformed City Church in the period up to the First World War it was primarily two Swiss naturalists who shaped community life as curators. Johann Jakob von Tschudi served from 1874 to 1883. During his time, the preparations for the renovation of 1887, which were carried out under Karl Brunner-von Wattenwyl , who was curator from 1884 to 1914 , fall . From the second half of the 19th century, several members of the Rhenish entrepreneurial family Schoeller belonged to the community leadership. Alexander von Schoeller opened the dance, first in 1851 as one of the presidents and from 1862 as presbyter. In 1867 Gustav Adolph von Schoeller was appointed presbyter in his place , followed by Philipp von Schoeller , who served as presbyter from 1889 to 1915. In 1919, Paul Eduard von Schoeller, a member of the Schoeller family, was elected to the presbytery. From 2005 to 2017 Peter Duschet was a specialist in skin and venereal diseases and head of the specialist group for specialists in skin and venereal diseases in the Medical Association for Vienna, curator of the community. Gabriele Jandrasits has been a curator since 2017.

architecture

Location and floor plan

Floor plan: on the right the main church room, on the left the rectory

The Reformed City Church is located at Dorotheergasse 16 in the quarter between Graben and Hofburg. It consists of the actual church building and the rectory south of it, which are connected by two side wings and enclose a trapezoidal inner courtyard. In the west, the Fries apartment buildings and in the south the Lutheran town church border the building complex. The main front of the church building and the rectory are on Dorotheergasse, while the northern facade of the church interior runs along Stallburggasse. The Plankengasse forms a visual axis between the church tower and the Donnerbrunnen on Neuer Markt .

Exterior

The style of the two-zone main facade of the Reformed City Church is neo-baroque. The main zone features giant Ionic pilasters . The main portal in the middle is a metal gate. The windows are framed in neo-baroque style. On Mittelrisalit one is above the portal axle segment gable mounted, where a broken pediment is superior. A vase balustrade leads over to the church tower with Tuscan corner pilasters. The tower has a height of 42 meters. It is bricked up to a height of 30 meters. At its top there is a tall lantern helmet, which is covered with copper , above a bent gable .

The side facade facing the courtyard is originally early Classicist, while the side facade facing Stallburggasse was designed based on the former during the renovation in 1887. Both have two large thermal bath windows . The facade facing Stallburggasse is structured with wall panels. There is a small metal door, which is similar in design to the main gate from 1887 and which is not identical to the Henrietta gate built in 1815, which no longer exists. On the outer wall facing the inner courtyard are the two early classicist former main entrances, which are framed by Tuscan half-columns and straight beams . A circular memorial plaque dedicated to Emperor Joseph II has been placed above the former main entrances. Its Latin text is based on a design by the Göttingen professor Christian Gottlob Heyne .

Memorial plaque above the old main entrances
Image of the original inscription Latin translation German translation
Ref Stadtk Tafel.jpg Deo optimo maximo sanctissimo
imperatore Iosepho II.
Annuente
amor fratrum
faciendum curavit
MDCCLXXXIIII 		The love of the brothers built this house for the best, greatest, holiest God with the approval of Emperor Joseph II. 1784.

inner space

Interior of the Reformed City Church

The Reformed City Church is considered to be the most important classical sacred space in Vienna. The basic structural structure is a two- bay pillar church with two flat pendent domes , above which there is a roof structure. The former, semicircular apse has been pierced by the inner main portal, which has a triangular gable , since the renovation in 1887 . The organ gallery is located above it . The organ gallery continues on both long sides in side galleries with two barrel vaults and thermal bath windows on both sides of the wall pillars. The balustraded galleries are supported by a total of ten Tuscan columns. The two pilasters adorned with Tuscan pilasters are pierced by passageways on the levels of the ground floor and the galleries. The narrow side with the pulpit is designed like a triumphal arch . It has a basket arch , within which a segmental arch - aedicula with the pulpit and layered Tuscan pilasters. The main room is preceded by a corridor on the long side facing Stallburggasse, at the end of which a spiral staircase leads to the galleries. There is an anteroom between the inner and outer main portal to Dorotheergasse. There are side entrances to the main room on both sides of the inner main portal. After the renovation in 1887, it was originally planned that these two side entrances would allow separate access to the church by gender and that the inner main portal would only be opened on high feast days, for blessings and funerals. Two further side gates, the former main portals, connect the church interior directly with the inner courtyard.

The interior is designed without pictures and crosses. This corresponds to the strict interpretation of the Second Commandment in the Reformed tradition. The grisaille wall paintings imitate stucco in the form of rosettes and acanthus sticks . The painterly design of the cupolas à l'antica , which is similar to the Paris Pantheón , shows the influence of French classicism on Nigelli, who studied in Paris. Three wall sayings with gold-colored letters, which were donated by the Wittgenstein family in 1889 , are quotations from the Bible: Above the pulpit is your kingdom come and on the underside of the side galleries, everything that breathes, praise the Lord hallelujah! Ps. 150.6 and blessed are they who hear God's word and keep it. Luc. 11.28 . Four memorial plaques are attached to the walls in the area of ​​the pulpit and the communion table. The oldest panel, dated 1822, is dedicated to Pastor Carl Wilhelm Hilchenbach and is introduced with the words: "The active promoter of this building, the pious leader of our souls, the teacher of our youth, the father of our poor". Another memorial plaque commemorates the renovation in 1887 and several people involved, including the architect Ignaz Sowinski. A marble slab from 1925 is dedicated to the parishioners who died in World War I and an admonition for peace. Your text was written by the theology professor Josef Bohatec . The recent plaque dates from 2005. She calls Zsigmond Varga and Ernst and Gisela Pollack representative of the in the concentration camps of the Nazis murdered members of the Church. Zsigmond Varga († 1945 in Gusen concentration camp ) was pastor of the Reformed Hungarians in Vienna. Ernst and Gisela Pollack († 1942 in Theresienstadt concentration camp ) were benefactors of the community.

Rectory

Entrance to the parish hall in the rectory facing the courtyard

The three-storey early classical rectory has a street facade facing Dorotheergasse and inner courtyard facades. The left side of the street facade emerges as a two-axis side projection . Are on the windows scrolls - consoles and window sills attached. Recessed wall panels stretch across both upper floors. On the first floor are located below the window meander - Friese . The street portal of the rectory is currently suspected. Its original wooden door is decorated with festoons . On the west side of the courtyard there is a two-storey loggia with round arches - arcades .

The entrance from Dorotheergasse into the inner courtyard has a coffered barrel vault on pillars . The parish hall, the sexton's apartment and the sacristy are located on the ground floor . The first floor houses offices for the parish and the general church. There is an exposed door frame, which as the remainder of the royal monastery dates from the end of the 16th century. There is a pastor's apartment on the second floor. The attic of the rectory dates from the end of the 18th century. The rectory has a cellar two storeys deep. Two street-side rooms in the lower basement have groin vaults and lancet barrels , the ridges of which are heavily trimmed.

Furnishing and equipment

Pulpit, supper table and church stalls

Pulpit of the Reformed City Church

The position of the pulpit in the center of the wall, which is in the direction of view from the pews, identifies the Reformed City Church as a preaching church . The sermon is the focus of the service. The semicircular, early classicist pulpit dates from 1774. It stands on Tuscan columns and pilasters made of reddish marble. Gilded acanthus ornaments are attached to it. The sound cover has a halo around the tetragram on the underside .

The Lord's Supper table below the pulpit is a wooden table with a top made of reddish marble. It is decorated with gilded festoons and volute consoles. According to tradition, the Lord's Supper table was assembled from parts of an altar from the former Camaldolese church on Kahlenberg . During the Coalition Wars , in 1810, the state confiscated all of the church's silver and used it as a contribution to France. The newly acquired sacrament set made of fire-gilded silver is hallmarked with the year 1807 . It consists of a wine jug, two goblets and a bread plate.

The wooden pews and presbyter chairs date from 1784. In accordance with the Reformed tradition, which does not provide for kneeling down during worship , the pews have no kneeling benches . Slabs made of Kelheim limestone are located under the pews . The presbyter's chairs intended for the members of the presbytery stand on both sides of the sacrament table and are separated from the rest of the church by freely placed balustrades.

Bells

The three church tower bells from the Grassmayr bell foundry from 1979 are tuned in the minor - triad GBD. They bear the following inscriptions:

organ

The first organ in the Reformed City Church was built in 1695, presumably came from an abandoned monastery and was probably adapted by the Viennese organ builder Franz Xaver Christoph . It was replaced in 1901 by a new organ made by the Dresden organ builder Johannes Jahn and given away to Cilli . The Jahn organ, which was last renovated in 1929, could not be repaired after the Second World War due to lack of funds. She was last in a desperate state. In addition, her gaming table was unfavorably located on a narrow side for reasons of space. The following organ is a work of the Viennese organ builder Herbert Gollini from 1974. Gollini kept the neoclassical case of the Jahn organ and continued to use its pipes . The Gollini organ is a mechanical slide organ and has 25 registers , which are divided into two manuals and a pedal .

Your disposition is:

Gollini organ in the Reformed City Church
I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Drone 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Reed flute 8th'
4th octave 4 ′
5. Pointed flute 4 ′
6th Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
7th octave 2 ′
8th. Mixture IV-VI
9. Trumpet 8th'
II Swell C – g 3
10. Dumped 8th'
11. Principal 4 ′
12. flute 4 ′
13. Gemshorn 2 ′
14th Nasard 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
15th Sesquialter II
16. Scharff III – IV
17th Krummhorn 8th'
Pedal C – f 1
18th Sub-bass 16 ′
19th Octave bass 8th'
20th Covered bass 8th'
21st Chorale bass 4 ′
22nd Mixture III
23. bassoon 16 ′
24. Trumpet 8th'
25th shawm 4 ′

The personalities employed as organists in the Reformed City Church include Wilhelm Karl Rust (active 1819–1827), Ignaz Lachner (active 1827–1831), Benedict Randhartinger (active 1831–1835), Gottfried Preyer (active 1835–1841) and Eugen Gmeiner (active 1949–1956). Sven J. Koblischek has been an organist in the Reformed City Church since 2015.

literature

Web links

Commons : Reformierte Stadtkirche (Vienna)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Rippel: The Dutch legation chapel as the predecessor of the Reformed community in Vienna . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 27-29 .
  2. ↑ Peter Karner: The foundation of the Evangelical Church HC in Vienna . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 53-54 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Martha Grüll: The reformed town church in Dorotheergasse . In: Peter Karner (Hrsg.): The evangelical community H. B. in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 105-106 .
  4. ↑ Friedrich Nicolai: Description of a journey through Germany and Switzerland in 1781. Along with remarks on learning, industry, religion and customs . Second volume. Berlin / Stettin 1783, p. 641 .
  5. ↑ a b c Gottlieb Nigelli. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007. Accessed December 7, 2013.
  6. ↑ Peter Karner: The foundation of the Evangelical Church HC in Vienna . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 51 .
  7. ↑ Baumeister (pseudonym): About the house of prayer of the Reformed community, together with a criticism of the Count. Frisian palace on Josephsplatze . Dedicated to all construction lovers and promoting good taste. Vienna 1784. Quoted from: Hermann Burg: The sculptor Franz Anton Zauner and his time. A contribution to the history of classicism in Austria . With 10 plates and 70 illustrations in the text. Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna 1915, p. 61 .
  8. ↑ Baumeister (pseudonym): About the house of prayer of the Reformed community, together with a criticism of the Gräfl. Frisian palace on Josephsplatze . Dedicated to all construction lovers and promoting good taste. Vienna 1784. Quoted from: Martha Grüll: The reformed city church in Dorotheergasse . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 110 .
  9. ↑ Antibaumeister (pseudonym): Master builder as Vienna's Trasyllus with an examination of the apotheosis of his favorite architect . With enclosed tarpaulin of the Count's Frisian House and the Calvinist Church. Vienna 1784. Quoted from: Martha Grüll: The reformed city church in Dorotheergasse . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 107 .
  10. ^ Peter Karner: Evangelical in Vienna . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 213 .
  11. ^ A b Monika Posch: Henriette von Nassau-Weilburg. A Protestant in the House of Habsburg . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 75-76 .
  12. ^ Monika Posch: Henriette von Nassau-Weilburg. A Protestant in the House of Habsburg . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 75-76 .
  13. ^ A b c Martha Grüll: The reformed town church in Dorotheergasse . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 111-113 .
  14. ↑ a b c d e f The renovation of the church and parish building of the Evangelical Church of the Helvetic Confession in Vienna. In:  Allgemeine Bauzeitung , year 1893, p. 87 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / abz.
  15. ↑ a b Ignaz Stanislaus Sowinski. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007. Accessed December 7, 2013.
  16. ↑ a b c d The Protestant Church in Dorotheergasse. In:  Wiener Bauindustrie-Zeitung / Österreichische Bauzeitung , year 1887, p. 66 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wbz.
  17. ↑ Peter Stachel: Albert Ilg and the “invention” of the baroque as an Austrian “national style” . In: Moritz Czáky, Federico Celestini, Ulrich Tragatschnig (eds.): Barock. A place of memory. Interpretament of modernity / postmodernism . Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2007, ISBN 978-3-205-77468-6 , pp. 104-105 .
  18. ↑ a b c d Martha Grüll: The reformed town church in Dorotheergasse . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 115-117 .
  19. ^ Gudrun Wedel: Autobiographies of women. A lexicon . Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2010, ISBN 978-3-412-20585-0 , p. 155 .
  20. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Federal Monuments Office (Hrsg.): Dehio-Handbuch Wien. I. District - Inner City . Berger, Horn / Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85028-366-6 , p. 54-55 .
  21. ↑ Viktor Schlosser: Stream from Heaven. University of Vienna, June 21, 2005, accessed on September 3, 2013 .
  22. ↑ a b Renovation of the church interiors in summer 2006. (No longer available online.) Evangelical parish HB Vienna Innere Stadt, archived from the original on December 13, 2013 ; Retrieved December 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.reformiertestadtkirche.at
  23. ↑ Imprint / Contact. (No longer available online.) Evangelical Church HB in Austria, archived from the original on November 26, 2013 ; Retrieved December 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.reformiertekirche.at
  24. ↑ Imprint . In: Reformed Church Gazette . No. 9 , September 2013, p. 12 .
  25. ↑ a b Peter Karner: Church services . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 156-157 .
  26. ^ Peter Karner: Ecumenism in Vienna . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 232 .
  27. ↑ Peter Karner: Church services . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 160-161 .
  28. ↑ Peter Karner: Church services . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 162-163 .
  29. ↑ Eseménynaptár. (No longer available online.) Ausztriai magyar református lelkogondozó szolgálat, archived from the original on December 12, 2013 ; Retrieved December 7, 2013 (Hungarian). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / becsi.reformatusok.com
  30. ↑ Vienna Community Church: About us (English) ( Memento of 28 February 2014 Internet Archive )
  31. ↑ The Henriettenmarkt. Old Viennese Advent in the courtyard of the Reformed City Church. (No longer available online.) Evangelical Parish HB Vienna Innere Stadt, archived from the original on December 13, 2013 ; Retrieved December 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.reformiertestadtkirche.at
  32. ^ Klaus Hehn: Music in the Reformed City Church . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 122-123 .
  33. ^ Eva Müller, Julie Metzdorff, Barbara Kraml: Entry record at VIS 2011. Press release. (PDF file; 74 kB) Vienna Independent Shorts, February 18, 2011, accessed December 7, 2013 .
  34. ↑ a b Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna . Volume 16 ). Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 237-238 .
  35. ↑ a b Evangelical Parish HB Vienna Inner City: We. People in the Reformed City Church ( Memento from December 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  36. ^ Peter Karner: Members of the Reformed Congregation . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 88 .
  37. ↑ Practice plan Dr. Peter Duschet , page on praxisplan.at, website of the Medical Association for Vienna, accessed on August 22, 2016.
  38. ↑ Section chairpersons and deputies ( memento of the original from 23 August 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Website of the Medical Association for Vienna, accessed on August 22, 2016.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aekwien.at
  39. ↑ Helmut Riege (Ed.): Klopstock Briefe 1783–1794 . Vol. 2: Apparatus / Commentary (=  Hamburg Klopstock edition . Letters Volume VIII). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1999, p. 386 .
  40. ^ Johann-Friedrich Albert Graf von der Schulenburg: Sacred buildings under the tolerance patent in downtown Vienna . Thesis. University of Vienna, 2009, p. 43-44 .
  41. ↑ October 31, 2005 - Unveiling of the memorial plaque for victims of National Socialism from the community. (No longer available online.) Evangelische Pfarrgemeinde HB Wien Innere Stadt, 2005, archived from the original on December 13, 2013 ; Retrieved December 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.reformiertestadtkirche.at
  42. ↑ a b Peter Karner: Church services . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 158-159 .
  43. ^ Elisabeth Fritz-Hilscher: The 19th Century (circa 1790/1800 to 1918) . In: Elisabeth Th. Fritz-Hilscher, Helmut Kretschmer (Ed.): Vienna. Music history. From prehistory to the present . LIT, Vienna 2011, ISBN 978-3-643-50368-8 , pp. 324 .
  44. ↑ a b Klaus Hehn: Music in the Reformed City Church . In: Peter Karner (Ed.): The Evangelical Community HB in Vienna (=  research and contributions to the history of the city of Vienna ). tape 16 . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-7005-4579-7 , p. 119 .
  45. ↑ Organ in the Evang. Reform. Stadtkirche H. B. (No longer available online.) In: orgelmusik.at. Archived from the original on December 13, 2013 ; Retrieved December 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.orgelmusik.at
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