Coat of arms of Russia

Coat of arms of Russia
Details
Introduced	1993
Heraldic shield	Double eagle with breast shield
Other elements	Rider, horse, dragon

The coat of arms of Russia (officially Russian Государственный герб Российской Федерации , national coat of arms of the Russian Federation ) has been used as the coat of arms of the Russian Federation since 1993 .

description

In the red coat of arms a gold-armored, red-tongued golden double-headed eagle crowned with the crown of the Russian Empire . Between the two heads hovers the same crown with a hanging ribbon of the Order of Andrew the First Called in gold. The eagle holds in his right claw the Russian Empire scepter in gold and in the left claw the Russian imperial orb in gold.

In the red shield the holy martyr George in silver armor with flowing blue coat riding a saddled with a red blanket goldbefransten sounding mold to the left . The horse with bridle and mane stands on a crawling winged dragon , whose jaws St. George spears with a lance. The lance ends in the golden cross .

symbolism

The double-headed eagle in the Russian coat of arms comes from the eagle of the Byzantine emperor , in whose tradition the Moscow grand princes and the later Russian tsars placed themselves . With the marriage between Ivan III. and the niece of the last Byzantine emperor Constantine XI. named Zoe (later Sofia ), this coat of arms, orphaned by the Ottomans since the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, passed into Russian custody.

The three crowns used to stand for the connection of Kazan and Astrakhan to the empire in the 16th century, but also for faith, love and hope. In modern times they have become the symbol of the three parts of the separation of powers: executive , legislative and judicial . The imperial orb and the scepter generally stand for protection and sovereignty .

Differentiation from the Moscow coat of arms

Moscow coat of arms

The shield with the rider is not to be confused with the Moscow coat of arms, which looks similar but still has a number of differences. Both heraldic shields show a Russian bogatyr (mythical hero ) on horseback who stabs a dragon with a long lance ( Contus ) . Usually the rider is interpreted as St. George , which is officially no longer the case today. In any case, the representation in today's coat of arms of Russia symbolizes the struggle “ good against evil ”.

The differences of the rider on the inner shield of the state coat of arms compared to the coat of arms of Moscow:

• The coat of arms of Moscow depicts a galloping rider (the horse stands on its hind legs, the forelegs are raised); the national coat of arms, on the other hand, shows a striding horse that touches the ground with three legs; in the Russian descriptive text this representation is referred to as "moving".
• The rider of the Moscow coat of arms has a headgear, the one in the state coat of arms does not.
• The dragon of the Moscow coat of arms stands on four legs and looks back, whereas the state coat of arms depicts a dragon lying on its back. In addition, the dragon is kicked by the horse here.

Others

This coat of arms must not be confused with that of the Tsarist times . During this time the coat of arms was decorated with the colors black and gold. Today it's gold and red.

A george on a red background can also be found in the coat of arms of Georgia , the double-headed eagle in many other national coats of arms, e.g. B. Albania and Serbia . (see double-headed eagle )

Historical coat of arms

coat of arms	date	function
	1492	Coat of arms of the Russian Empire
	1667	Coat of arms of the Russian Empire
	1742	Coat of arms of the Russian Empire
	1882-1917	Great coat of arms of the Russian Empire
	1882-1917	State coat of arms of the Russian Empire
	1883-1917	Small coat of arms of the Russian Empire
	1917	Coat of arms of the Russian Provisional Government
	1917-1920	Coat of arms of the Russian SFSR
	1920-1991	Coat of arms of the Russian SFSR

swell

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Federal target program " Elektronnaja Rossia ": Russian symbolism - detailed description of the history of the Russian state coat of arms . State symbols of Russia, rossimvolika.ru. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 

literature

• Isabelle de Keghel: Imperial Heritage. Today's Russia and its national coat of arms , in: Zeithistorische Forschungen / Studies in Contemporary History 3 (2006), pp. 138–144.
• Isabelle de Keghel: The State Symbolism of the New Russia. Traditions - Integration Strategies - Identity Discourses . LIT-Verlag, Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-8258-8862-6

See also

• Flag of russia

Web links

• more historical Russian coats of arms