Eugen d'Albert and Herbert Bednorz: Difference between pages

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Herbert Bednorz (born 25 September 1908 - died 12 April 1989) was a Polish Catholic priest, theologist, and a Coadjutor bishop (from 1950) and later, from 1967, Metropolitan bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Katowice.

Preceded by Stanisław Adamski	Bishop of Katowice 1967-1985	Succeeded by Damian Zimoń

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+'''Herbert Bednorz''' (born [[25 September]] [[1908]] - died [[12 April]] [[1989]]) was a Polish [[Catholic]] priest, theologist, and a [[Coadjutor bishop]] (from 1950) and later, from 1967, [[Metropolitan bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Katowice]].
-[[Image:D'albert2.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Eugen d’Albert in 1904]]
-'''Eugen Francis Charles d'Albert''' (10 April 1864 &ndash; 3 March 1932) was a [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born [[Germany|German]] [[pianist]] and [[composer]].
+{{s-start}}
-Born and educated in [[Britain]], d’Albert won a scholarship to study in Austria.  Feeling a kinship with German culture and music, he soon emigrated to Germany, where he studied with [[Franz Liszt]] and began a career as a concert pianist.  D'Albert focused increasingly on composing, producing 21 operas and a considerable output of piano, vocal, chamber and orchestra works.  He was married six times and was successively a British, German and [[Switzerland|Swiss]] citizen.
+{{s-bef | before=[[Stanisław Adamski]]}}
-==Biography==
+{{s-ttl | title=[[Bishop of Katowice]] | years=1967-1985}}
-D'Albert was born in [[Glasgow]] to an English mother, Annie Rowell, and a German-born father of French and Italian descent, Charles Louis Napoleon d'Albert, whose ancestors included the composers Giuseppe Matteo Alberti (1685–1751) and [[Domenico Alberti]] (c.1710–40).<ref name=Grove>Williamson, John. [http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/00434 "Albert, Eugen d'",] Grove Music Online, Oxford Music Online, accessed 13 October 2008</ref>  D'Albert's father was a dancer, pianist and music arranger who had been ballet-master at the [[King's Theatre]] and at [[Royal Opera House|Covent Garden]].<ref>[http://www.library.rochester.edu/index.cfm?PAGE=4150 This link shows piano music by Charles d'Albert of dance arrangements of numerous [[Gilbert and Sullivan]] pieces.]</ref>  D'Albert was born when his father was 55 years old.  ''The Musical Times'' wrote in 1904 that "This, and other circumstances, accounted for a certain loneliness in the boy's home-life and the years of his childhood. He was misunderstood, and 'cribbed, cabined, and confined' to such an extent as to largely prejudice him against the country which gave him birth."<ref name=MT>''The Musical Times'', Vol 45, No 741, 1 November 1904, pp. 697-700</ref>  D'Albert was raised in Glasgow and taught music by his father until he won a scholarship to the new National Training School for Music (forerunner of the [[Royal College of Music]]) in London, which he entered in 1876 at the age of 12.<ref name=MT/>  D'Albert studied at the National Training School with [[Ernst Pauer]], [[Ebenezer Prout]], [[John Stainer]] and [[Arthur Sullivan]].  By the age of 14, he was winning public praise from ''[[The Times]]'' as "a bravura player of no mean order" in a concert in October 1878.  He played [[Piano Concerto (Schumann)|Schumann's piano concerto]] at [[The Crystal Palace]] two years later, when ''The Times'' wrote, "A finer rendering of the work has seldom been heard."<ref>''The Times'' 17 October 1878, p. 4</ref><ref>''The Times'', 8 February 1881, p. 8</ref>
+{{s-aft | after=[[Damian Zimoń]]}}
+{{end}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Herbert , Bednorz}}
-In 1880, d’Albert arranged the piano reduction for the vocal score of Sullivan's sacred music drama ''[[The Martyr of Antioch]]'', to accompany the chorus in rehearsal.<ref>[http://math.boisestate.edu/GaS/other_sullivan/martyr/conductor.html Information about ''The Martyr of Antioch'']</ref> He is also credited with writing the overture to [[Gilbert and Sullivan]]'s 1881 opera, ''[[Patience (opera)|Patience]]''.<ref>Biographer Michael Ainger wrote that on the evening of 21 April 1881, "Sullivan gave his sketch of the overture to Eugene d'Albert to score. D'Albert was a seventeen-year-old student... and winner of the Mendelssohn Scholarship that year" (Ainger, p. 195). [[David Russell Hulme]] studied the handwriting in the manuscript score of ''Patience'' and confirmed that it is that of Eugene, not of his father Charles (as had erroneously been reported by biographer Arthur Jacobs), both of whose script Hulme sampled. (Hulme, David Russell, Doctoral Thesis ''The Operettas of Sir Arthur Sullivan: a study of available autograph full scores'', 1985, [[University of Wales]], pp. 242-43. The Thesis is available from academic libraries including The British Library Document Supply Centre, Boston Spa, Wetherby W. Yorks, Ref # DX171353, and [[Northern Illinois University]], Call# :ML410.S95 H841986B).</ref>  For many years, d’Albert dismissed his training and work during this period as worthless.<ref>Mitchell, Mark and Allan Evans [http://www.arbiterrecords.com/notes/147notes.html Extensive notes on d'Albert,] Arbiter of Cultural Traditions website (2004)</ref>  ''The Times'' wrote that he "was born and educated in England, and won his earliest successes in England, although, in a freak of boyish impetuosity, he repudiated some years ago all connexion with this country, where, according to his own account, he was born by mere accident and where he learnt nothing."<ref>''The Times'', 25 May 1886, p. 10</ref>  In later years, however, he modified his views: "The former prejudice which I had against England, which several incidents aroused, has completely vanished since many years."<ref name=MT/>
+[[Category:1908 births]]
+[[Category:1989 deaths]]
+[[Category:Polish bishops]]
+{{Poland-bio-stub}}
-===Career===
+{{RC-bishop-stub}}
-‎In 1881, [[Hans Richter]] invited d’Albert to play his first Piano Concerto, which was "received with enthusiasm".<ref name=MT/>  In the same year d’Albert won the Mendelssohn Scholarship, enabling him to study in Vienna, where he met [[Johannes Brahms]], [[Franz Liszt]] and other important musicians who influenced his style.<ref name=ODM>Kennedy, Michael (ed.)  [http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/opr/t237/e208 " Albert, Eugen d'",]  ''The Oxford Dictionary of Music'', 2nd ed. Oxford Music Online, accessed 13 October 2008</ref>  D'Albert, retaining his early enthusiasm for German culture and music ("hearing ''Tristan und Isolde'' had a greater influence on him than the education he received from his father or... at the National Training School for Music")<ref name=Grove/> changed his first name from Eugène to Eugen and emigrated to Germany, where he became a pupil of the elderly Liszt in [[Weimar]].<ref name=dnb>Macdonald, Hugh.  [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/40935 "D'Albert, Eugen Francis Charles (1864–1932)",] ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 11 October 2008</ref>
+[[pl:Herbert Bednorz]]
-[[Image:Eugen dalbert age 20.jpg|thumb|left|d’Albert aged 20]]In Germany and Austria, d’Albert built a career as a pianist.  Liszt called him "the young [[Tausig]]", and d’Albert can be heard in an early recording of Liszt works.  He played his own Piano Concerto with the [[Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]] in 1882, the youngest pianist who had appeared with the orchestra.<ref name=MT/>  D'Albert toured extensively, including in the United States from 1904 to 1905.  His virtuoso technique was compared to that of [[Ferruccio Busoni|Busoni]].<ref>''The Musical Times'', Vol 102, No 1422 (August 1961), pp. 489-90: [[Artur Schnabel]] said that if Busoni and d’Albert had been combined in one, the result would have been one of the greatest musicians of all times, "for d'Albert had all the raw material and Busoni all the refinement."</ref>  He was praised for his playing of [[J. S. Bach]]'s preludes and fugues and of [[Beethoven]]'s sonatas.<ref name=obit/>  "As an exponent of Beethoven, Eugen d’Albert has few, if any, equals."<ref name=MT/>  Gradually, d’Albert's work as a composer occupied his time more and more, and he reduced his concert playing.<ref name=dnb/>  He was the recipient of a number of dedications, most notably of [[Richard Strauss]]'s ''Burleske'', which he premiered in 1890.<ref name=Grove/><ref name=ODM/>
-D'Albert was a prolific composer.  His output includes a large volume of successful piano and chamber music and [[lieder]]. He also composed twenty-one [[opera]]s, in a wide variety of styles, which premiered mostly in Germany.  His first, ''Der Rubin'' (1893) was an oriental fantasy; ''Die Abreise'' (1898), which established him as an opera composer in Germany, was a one-act domestic comedy; ''Kain'' (1900) was a setting of the biblical story; and one of his last operas, ''Der Golem'', was on a traditional Jewish theme.<ref name=obit>''The Times'' obituary, 4 March  1932, p. 19</ref> His most successful opera was his seventh, ''[[Tiefland (opera)|Tiefland]]'', which premiered in [[Prague]] in 1903.  When [[Thomas Beecham]] introduced the opera to London, ''The Times''  observed, "the scoring owes more than a little to the discipline of Sullivan; there is also a curiously English fragrance".<ref>''The Times'', 1 October 1910, p. 13</ref> ''Tiefland'' played in opera houses throughout the world and has retained a place in the standard German and Austrian repertoire, with a production at the [[Deutsche Oper Berlin]], in November 2007.  According to biographer Hugh Macdonald, it "provides a link between Italian verismo and German expressionist opera, although the orchestral textures recall a more Wagnerian language."<ref name=dnb/>  Another stage success was a [[comic opera]] called ''[[Flauto solo]]'' in 1905.  D'Albert's most successful orchestral works included his [[violoncello concerto|cello concerto]] (1899), a [[symphony]], two [[string quartet]]s and two [[piano concerto]]s.  "Though not a composer of profound originality... he had an unfailing sense of dramatic appropriateness and all the resources of a symphonic technique to give it expression and was thus able to achieve success in so many styles".<ref name=obit/>
-D'Albert edited critical editions of the scores of Beethoven and Bach, transcribed Bach's organ works for the piano and wrote cadenzas for Beethoven's piano concertos.  In  1907, he succeeded [[Joseph Joachim]] as director of the [[Berlin University of the Arts| Hochschule für Musik]] in [[Berlin]], in which capacity he had a wide influence on musical education in Germany.  He also held the post of [[Kapellmeister]] to the Court of Weimar.<ref name=obit/>
-===Personal life and death===
-D'Albert's friends included Richard Strauss, [[Hans Pfitzner]], [[Engelbert Humperdinck]] and [[Gerhart Hauptmann]], the dramatist. He was married six times and had eight children. The first wife was Louise Salingré. The second, from 1892 to 1895, was the [[Venezuela]]n pianist, singer and composer [[Teresa Carreño]], herself much married and considerably older than d’Albert.  D'Albert and Carreño were the subject of a famous joke: "Come quick! Your children and my children are quarrelling again with our children!"<ref>see, e.g., {{cite book|last=Walker|first=Alan|authorlink=Alan Walker (musicologist)|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BWL6fBaKHzcC&pg=RA1-PA422&lpg=RA1-PA422&dq=%22your+children+and+my+children+are%22+%22our+children%22+albert&source=web&ots=kaWOBH-2Gb&sig=eihZNEBNJEMnim9LnJszrH0-fsM |title=Franz Liszt : The final years, 1861-1886|isbn=0-8014-8453-7|pages=p. 423, footnote 14|date=1997|publisher=Cornell University Press|location=Ithaca, NY}}</ref> The line, however, has also been attributed to others. His later wives were were [[mezzo-soprano]] Hermine Finck who originated the role of the witch in Humperdinck's ''[[Hänsel und Gretel (opera)|Hänsel und Gretel]]'', actress Ida Fulda, Friederike ("Fritzi") Jauner and Hilde Fels.  His last companion was a mistress, Virginia Zanetti.<ref name=dnb/>
-[[Image:GrabAlbert.jpg|thumb|Grave of d'Albert at the cemetery of [[Morcote]]]]
-In 1914, d’Albert became a Swiss citizen and moved to [[Zürich]].  He died in 1932 at the age of 69 in [[Riga]], [[Latvia]], where he had travelled for a divorce from his sixth wife.  He was buried in the cemetery overlooking [[Lake Lugano]] in [[Morcote]], Switzerland.
-== Works ==
-=== Operas ===
-* ''Der Rubin'' (1893)
-* ''Ghismonda'' (1895)
-* ''Gernot'' (1897)
-* ''Die Abreise'' (1898)
-* ''Kain'' (1900)
-* ''Der Improvisator'' (1902)
-* ''[[Tiefland (opera)|Tiefland]]'' (1903)
-* ''[[Flauto solo]]'' (1905)
-* ''Tragaldabas'' (1907)
-* ''Izëyl'' (1909)
-* ''Die verschenkte Frau'' (1912)
-* ''Liebesketten'' (1912) [http://hdl.handle.net/1802/4367 Vocal Score]
-* ''Die toten Augen'' (1916) [http://hdl.handle.net/1802/2944 Vocal Score]
-* ''Der Stier von Olivera'' (1918)
-* ''Revolutionshochzeit'' (1919)
-* ''Scirocco'' (1921)
-* ''Mareike von Nymwegen'' (1923)
-* ''Der Golem'' (1926)
-* ''Die schwarze Orchidee'' (1928)
-* ''Die Witwe von Ephesos'' (1930)
-* ''Mister Wu'' (1932; unfinished)
-=== Orchestral works ===
-* Piano Concerto No. 1 in B minor Op. 2 (1884)
-* Symphony in F major Op. 4 (1886)
-* ''Esther'' Op. 8 (1888)
-* Piano Concerto No. 2 in E major Op. 12 (1893)
-* Cello Concerto in C major Op. 20 (1899)
-* ''Aschenputtel''. Suite Op. 33 (1924)
-* Symphonic Prelude to ''Tiefland'' Op. 34 (1924)
-=== Chamber works ===
-* Suite in D minor for piano Op. 1 (1883) [http://hdl.handle.net/1802/1961 Musical score]
-* Eight Piano pieces Op. 5
-* Waltzes for piano, four hands Op. 6 [http://hdl.handle.net/1802/1351 Musical score]
-* String Quartet No. 1 in A minor Op. 7 (1887)
-* Piano sonata in F sharp minor Op. 10 (1893)
-* String Quartet No. 2 in E flat major Op. 11 (1893)
-=== Vocal music ===
-* ''Der Mensch und das Leben'' Op. 14 (1893)
-* ''Seejungfräulein'' Op. 15 (1897)
-* ''Wie wir die Natur erleben'' Op. 24 (1903)
-* ''Mittelalterliche Venushymne'' Op. 26 (1904)
-* ''An den Genius von Deutschland'' Op. 30 (1904)
-* d'Albert also wrote total of 58 lieder for voice and piano, published in 10 volumes
-==Recordings==
-As pianist, d’Albert recorded a wide range of music, including his own Scherzo, Op. 16; Capriolen, Op. 32; Suite, Op. 1, Gavotte and Minuet; and piano arrangements from his opera Die Toten Augen. He made several Beethoven recordings, including the piano sonatas 18 and 21 ([[Piano Sonata No. 21 (Beethoven)|Waldstein]]), and the [[Violin Sonata No. 5 (Beethoven)|
-Spring sonata]] for violin and piano (with Andreas Weissgerber). A selection of [[Chopin]] pieces were recorded in the 1910s and 1920s, with [[Etudes]], [[Polonaises]] and [[Waltzes]] represented. Perhaps surprisingly, as he had studied with him, Liszt is not strongly represented among d’Albert’s recordings, though he committed "Au bord d'une source" from ''Années de pèlerinage'' (1st year) to disc in 1916.  Brahms, [[Mozart]], [[Franz Schubert|Schubert]] and [[Carl Maria von Weber|Weber]] also feature in his [http://home.earthlink.net/~marnest/discdalb.html discography].
-As a composer, d’Albert has been more widely represented on record in recent years than previously. Some modern recordings include:
-*'''Piano Concertos No. 1 in B minor and No. 2 in E major'''
-**Piers Lane/BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra/Alun Francis
-**Joseph Banowetz/ Moscow Symphony Orchestra/ Dmitry Yablonsky
-*'''String Quartets No.1 in A minor, Op. 7 and No 2 in E flat, Op.11'''
-**Sarastro Quartet
-*'''Piano Sonata in F Sharp Minor, Op. 10; Klavierstücke Op. 16; Heft 1 and Heft 2, Serenata and Capriolen Fünf schlichte Klavierstücke'''
-**Piers Lane
-*'''''Tiefland'''''
-**Eva Marton; René Kollo; Bernd Weikl; Kurt Moll; Münchner Rundfunkorchester/Marek Janowski
-**Margherita Kenney; Waldemar Kmentt; Otto Wiener; Vienna Symphony Orchestra/ F. Charles Adler
-**Lisa Gasteen; Johan Botha; Falk Struckmann; Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra/ Bertrand de Billy
-==Media==
-{{multi-listen start}}
-{{multi-listen item|filename=Bach DAlbert Prelude and Fugue in D.ogg|title=J.S.Bach: Prelude and Fugue in D major, BWV 532|description=Transcribed for piano by Eugen d'Albert, performed by [[Martha Goldstein]]|format=[[ogg]]}}
-{{multi-listen end}}
-==Notes==
-{{Reflist}}
-==References==
-*Ainger, Michael (2002). ''Gilbert and Sullivan – A Dual Biography''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-*Fincher, L. (ed.), ''Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: Personenteil'', 2nd edn, 1 (Kassel, 1999)
-*Pangels, Charlotte. ''Eugen d'Albert: Wunderpianist und Komponist: eine Biographie''. (Zürich; Freiburg i Br.: Atlantis Musikbuch-Verlag, 1981). ISBN 3-7611-0595-9.
-*Raupp, Wilhelm. ''Eugen d'Albert. Ein Künstler- und Menschenschicksal''. (Leipzig: Koehler und Amelang, 1930).
-*Sadie, S (ed.) ''The new Grove dictionary of opera'', 4 vols. (1992)
-== External links ==
-* {{IMSLP|id=Albert%2C_Eugen_d%27|cname=Eugen d'Albert}}
-*[http://www.editionsilvertrust.com/music-books-a-to-g.htm Eugen d'Albert String Quartet Nos.1 & 2 sound-bites and discussion of works]
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Albert, Eugen d'}}
-[[Category:German composers]]
-[[Category:Opera composers]]
-[[Category:Romantic composers]]
-[[Category:German classical pianists]]
-[[Category:People associated with Gilbert and Sullivan]]
-[[Category:Alumni of the Royal College of Music]]
-[[Category:1864 births]]
-[[Category:1932 deaths]]
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