Cierva CR Twin: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2018}}
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name=CR Twin
|name=CR Twin
|image=File:Cierva Grasshopper.JPG
|image=Cierva Grasshopper.JPG
|caption=Cierva Grasshopper III on display at [[the Helicopter Museum (Weston)]].
|caption=Cierva Grasshopper III on display at [[the Helicopter Museum (Weston)]].
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
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|}
|}


The '''Cierva CR Twin''' (originally designated '''CR LTH.1''' and also known as the Grasshopper III) was a five-seat utility helicopter that first flew in the UK in 1969. It was a joint development between [[Cierva Autogiro Company]] and [[Rotorcraft Ltd|Rotorcraft]] now a subsidiary of Cierva, based on the dynamic systems of the latter company's [[Rotorcraft Grasshopper|Grasshopper]] design. A new, highly-streamlined pod-and-boom fuselage was married to the Grasshopper's coaxial rotor system, and the new aircraft registered ''G-AWRP'' first flew on 18 August 1969.
The '''Cierva CR Twin''' (originally designated '''CR LTH.1''' and also known as the Grasshopper III) was a five-seat utility helicopter that first flew in the UK in 1969. It was a joint development between [[Cierva Autogiro Company]] and [[Rotorcraft Ltd|Rotorcraft]] now a subsidiary of Cierva, based on the dynamic systems of the latter company's [[Rotorcraft Grasshopper|Grasshopper]] design. A new, highly streamlined pod-and-boom fuselage was married to the Grasshopper's coaxial rotor system, and the new aircraft registered ''G-AWRP'' first flew on 18 August 1969.


Two further prototypes followed, ''G-AXFM'' later in 1969 and ''G-AZAU'' in 1971, this latter example fitted with 210 hp [[Continental IO-360]]-D engines in place of the [[Rolls-Royce Continental O-300]] units of the first two machines. Financial backing could not be obtained for further development, and the project was abandoned by 1975. The first prototype is preserved at [[The Helicopter Museum (Weston)|The Helicopter Museum]] in [[Weston-super-Mare]].
Two further prototypes followed, ''G-AXFM'' later in 1969 and ''G-AZAU'' in 1971, this latter example fitted with 210&nbsp;hp [[Continental IO-360]]-D engines in place of the [[Rolls-Royce Continental O-300]] units of the first two machines. Financial backing could not be obtained for further development, and the project was abandoned by 1975. The first prototype is preserved at [[The Helicopter Museum (Weston)|The Helicopter Museum]] in [[Weston-super-Mare]].


==Variants==
==Variants==
* '''CR Twin''' - prototypes (3 built)
* '''CR Twin''' - prototypes (3 built)
* '''CR.420''' - proposed production variant with 210 hp [[Continental TSIO-360]]-A engines (not built)
* '''CR.420''' - proposed production variant with 210&nbsp;hp [[Continental TSIO-360]]-A engines (not built)
* '''CR.640''' - proposed production variant with 320 hp [[Continental Tiara series|Continental Tiara T6-320]] engines (not built)
* '''CR.640''' - proposed production variant with 320&nbsp;hp [[Continental Tiara series|Continental Tiara T6-320]] engines (not built)


==Specifications==
==Specifications==
{{Aircraft specs
{{aerospecs
|ref=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1971-72 <ref name="Janes 71 p186-7"> Taylor 1971, pp.186-187.</ref>
|ref=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1971-72 <ref name="Janes 71 p186-7">Taylor 1971, pp.186-187.</ref>
|prime units? = imp
|met or eng?=<!-- eng for US/UK aircraft, met for all others -->eng

|crew=One pilot
|crew=One pilot
|capacity=4 passengers
|capacity=4 passengers
Line 39: Line 40:
|length ft=28
|length ft=28
|length in=2
|length in=2
|span m=
|span ft=
|span in=
|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->
|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->2
|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->2
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->10.06
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->10.06
|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->33
|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->33
|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->0
|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->0
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|height m=3.02
|height m=3.02
|height ft=9
|height ft=9
|height in=11
|height in=11
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=
|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->74.7
|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->74.7
|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->804
|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->804
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|empty weight kg=878
|empty weight kg=878
|empty weight lb=1,935
|empty weight lb=1,935
|gross weight kg=1,439
|gross weight kg=1,439
|gross weight lb=3.150
|gross weight lb=3.150
|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->

|eng1 number=2
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 type=[[Continental IO-360]]
|eng1 name=[[Continental IO-360]]
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->101
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->101
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->135
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->135
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 number=
|eng2 type=
|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|max speed kmh=209
|max speed kmh=209
|max speed mph=130
|max speed mph=130
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=193<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed kmh=193<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed mph=120<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed mph=120<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|range km=804
|range km=804
|range miles=500
|range miles=500
⚫
|ceiling m=6,100
|endurance h=<!-- if range unknown -->
⚫
|ceiling ft=20,000
|endurance min=<!-- if range unknown -->
⚫
|ceiling m=6,100+
⚫
|ceiling ft=20,000+
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=7.1
|climb rate ms=7.1
|climb rate ftmin=1,400
|climb rate ftmin=1,400
|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->

|armament1=
|armament2=
|armament3=
|armament4=
|armament5=
|armament6=
}}
}}


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==References==
==References==
{{commons category|Cierva CR Twin}}
;Notes
;Notes
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
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* {{cite book |last= Simpson |first= R. W. |title=Airlife's Helicopters and Rotorcraft |year=1998 |publisher=Airlife Publishing |location=Ramsbury |page=212 |isbn=978-1-85310-968-3}}
* {{cite book |last= Simpson |first= R. W. |title=Airlife's Helicopters and Rotorcraft |year=1998 |publisher=Airlife Publishing |location=Ramsbury |page=212 |isbn=978-1-85310-968-3}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
<!--
⚫
==External links==-->


⚫
==External links==
*http://www.aviastar.org/helicopters_eng/cierva_grasshopper.php
{{Cierva aircraft}}
{{Cierva aircraft}}
{{aviation lists}}


[[Category:British civil utility aircraft 1960–1969]]
[[Category:1960s British civil utility aircraft]]
[[Category:British helicopters 1960–1969]]
[[Category:1960s British helicopters]]
[[Category:Cancelled aircraft projects]]
[[Category:Cancelled aircraft projects]]
[[Category:Cierva aircraft|CR Twin]]
[[Category:Cierva aircraft|CR Twin]]
[[Category:Coaxial rotor helicopters]]
[[Category:Coaxial rotor helicopters]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1969]]
[[Category:Twin-engined piston helicopters]]

Revision as of 16:51, 7 June 2022

CR Twin
Cierva Grasshopper III on display at the Helicopter Museum (Weston).
Role Utility helicopter
Manufacturer Cierva Autogiro Company / Rotorcraft Ltd
Designer J S Shapiro
First flight 18 August 1969
Number built 3

The Cierva CR Twin (originally designated CR LTH.1 and also known as the Grasshopper III) was a five-seat utility helicopter that first flew in the UK in 1969. It was a joint development between Cierva Autogiro Company and Rotorcraft now a subsidiary of Cierva, based on the dynamic systems of the latter company's Grasshopper design. A new, highly streamlined pod-and-boom fuselage was married to the Grasshopper's coaxial rotor system, and the new aircraft registered G-AWRP first flew on 18 August 1969.

Two further prototypes followed, G-AXFM later in 1969 and G-AZAU in 1971, this latter example fitted with 210 hp Continental IO-360-D engines in place of the Rolls-Royce Continental O-300 units of the first two machines. Financial backing could not be obtained for further development, and the project was abandoned by 1975. The first prototype is preserved at The Helicopter Museum in Weston-super-Mare.

Variants

Specifications

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1971-72 [1]

General characteristics

  • Crew: One pilot
  • Capacity: 4 passengers
  • Length: 28 ft 2 in (8.58 m)
  • Height: 9 ft 11 in (3.02 m)
  • Empty weight: 1,935 lb (878 kg)
  • Gross weight: 3.150 lb (1,439 kg)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Continental IO-360 , 135 hp (101 kW) each
  • Main rotor diameter: 2 × 33 ft 0 in (10.06 m)
  • Main rotor area: 804 sq ft (74.7 m2)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 130 mph (209 km/h, 110 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 120 mph (193 km/h, 100 kn)
  • Range: 500 mi (804 km, 430 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
  • Rate of climb: 1,400 ft/min (7.1 m/s)

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cierva CR Twin.
Notes
  1. ^ Taylor 1971, pp.186-187.
Bibliography
  • Taylor, John W.R., ed. (1971). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1971-72. London: Jane's Yearbooks. ISBN 978-0-354-00094-9.
  • Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-517-10316-6.
  • Simpson, R. W. (1998). Airlife's Helicopters and Rotorcraft. Ramsbury: Airlife Publishing. p. 212. ISBN 978-1-85310-968-3.
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