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{{Short description|Species of legume}}
{{italictitle}}{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|name = Coral Vine
|name = Coral vine
|image = Strettle Road Res Satu-4.JPG
|image = Strettle Road Kennedia coccinea.jpg
|image_caption = ''Kennedia coccinea'' in [[Glen Forrest, Western Australia]]
|image_caption = ''Kennedia coccinea'' in [[Glen Forrest, Western Australia]]
⚫
|genus = Kennedia
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
⚫
|species = coccinea
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|authority = ([[William Curtis|Curtis]]) [[Vent.]]<ref name=APC>{{cite web|title=''Kennedia coccinea''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/96272|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref>
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="APC" />
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|synonyms = {{collapsible list|
|ordo = [[Fabales]]
* ''Caulinia coccinea'' <small>([[William Curtis|Curtis]]) [[F.Muell.]]</small>
|familia = [[Fabaceae]]
* ''Caulinia coccinea'' <small>(Curtis) [[Otto Kuntze|Kuntze]] [[isonym]]</small>
|subfamilia = [[Faboideae]]
* ''Caulinia eximia'' <small>([[Lindl.]] ex [[Joseph Paxton|Paxton]]) F.Muell.</small>
|tribus = [[Phaseoleae]]
* ''Caulinia eximia'' <small>(Lindl. ex Paxton) Kuntze isonym</small>
⚫
|genus = ''[[Kennedia]]''
* ''Caulinia inophylla'' <small>(Lindl.) Kuntze</small>
⚫
|species = '''''K. coccinea'''''
* ''Glycine coccinea'' <small>Curtis nom. et typ. cons.</small>
|binomial = ''Kennedia coccinea''
* ''Kennedia coccinea'' var. ''angustifolia'' <small>(Lindl.) [[Ludwig Diels|Diels]]</small>
|binomial_authority = [[Vent.]]
* ''Kennedia coccinea'' var. ''elegans'' <small>Paxton</small>
⚫
|}}
* ''Kennedia coccinea'' var. ''inophylla'' <small>(Lindl.) [[Domin]]</small>
* ''Kennedia coccinea'' var. ''villosa'' <small>(Lindl.) Domin</small>
* ''Kennedia dilatata'' <small>[[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Sweet]] nom. inval., nom. nud.</small>
* ''Kennedia dilatata'' <small>[[A.Cunn.]] ex Lindl.</small>
* ''Kennedia eximia'' <small>Lindl. ex Paxton</small>
* ''Kennedia heterophylla'' <small>Sweet nom. inval., nom. nud.</small>
* ''Kennedia inophylla'' <small>Sweet nom. inval., nom. nud.</small>
* ''Kennedia inophylla'' <small>Lindl.</small>
* ''Kennedia pannosa'' <small>(Paxton) [[Jules Alexandre Daveau|Daveau]]</small>
* ''Kennedya coccinea'' <small>Domin [[orth. var.]]</small>
* ''Kennedya coccinea'' var. ''inophylla'' <small>Domin orth. var.</small>
* ''Kennedya coccinea'' var. ''villosa'' <small>Domin orth. var.</small>
* ''Kennedya inophylla'' <small>Lindl.</small>
* ''Zichya angustifolia'' <small>Lindl.</small>
* ''Zichya coccinea'' <small>(Curtis) [[Benth.]] isonym</small>
* ''Zichya coccinea'' <small>(Curtis) [[Hügel]]</small>
* ''Zichya coccinea'' <small>(Curtis) Benth. isonym</small>
* ''Zichya dilatata'' <small>(A.Cunn. ex Lindl.) [[E.Pritz.]]</small>
* ''Zichya inophylla'' <small>(Lindl.) Benth. isonym</small>
* ''Zichya inophylla'' <small>(Lindl.) Hügel</small>
* ''Zichya inophylla'' <small>(Lindl.) Benth. isonym</small>
* ''Zichya pannosa'' <small>Paxton</small>
* ''Zichya sericea'' <small>Hügel</small>
* ''Zichya tricolor'' <small>Lindl.</small>
* ''Zichya villosa'' <small>Lindl.</small>
⚫
}}
}}


'''''Kennedia coccinea''''' ('''Coral Vine''') is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the family [[Fabaceae]], endemic to the south-west of [[Western Australia]]. It is a low growing trailing shrub or climber which has twining rust-coloured branchlets with rounded leaflets that are about 1.5&nbsp;cm long and occur in threes.<ref name=Bodkin/> Orange red or scarlet pea flowers are produced in clusters between August and November in its native range.<ref name=Bodkin>{{cite book|author=Bodkin, Frances|year=1991|place=Australia|title=Encyclopaedia Botanica|publisher=Cornstalk Publishing|id=ISBN 0207150648}}</ref><ref name=WA>{{FloraBase|name=''Kennedia coccinea |id=4037}}</ref>
'''''Kennedia coccinea''''', commonly known as '''coral vine''',<ref name=FloraBase>{{FloraBase|name=''Kennedia coccinea''|id=4037}}</ref> is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Fabaceae]] and is [[endemic]] to the south-west of [[Western Australia]]. It is a twining, climbing or prostrate shrub with [[Glossary of leaf morphology#trifoliate|trifoliate]] leaves and orange-pink, red and pink, pea-like flowers.


==Description==
[[Image:Elegant Scarlet Kennedia from Magazine of Botany by Paxton..jpg|thumb|120px|left| ''Kennedia coccinea elegans'' illustrated in ''Paxtons Magazine of Botany'' in 1835.]]
''Kennedia coccinea'' is a twining, climbing or prostrate shrub, with stems up to {{cvt|4|mm}} in diameter covered with white to ginger-coloured hairs. The leaves are trifoliate, the end leaflet {{cvt|11–83|mm}} long and {{cvt|7–55|mm}} wide, the lateral leaflets smaller. The leaves are a darker green on the upper surface than the lower and are on a [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]] {{cvt|6–60|mm}} long, each leaflet on a [[Petiole (botany)|petiolule]] {{cvt|0.5–3|mm}} long. The [[stipule]]s at the base of the petiole are triangular, {{cvt|1.7–5|mm}} long. The flowers are {{cvt|9.5–16|mm}} long and arranged in groups of between three and thirty on a [[Peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] {{cvt|60–230|mm}} long, each flower on a [[Pedicel (botany)|pedicel]] {{cvt|1.5–10|mm}} long. The five [[sepal]]s are hairy, {{cvt|5–8|mm}} long with lobes {{cvt|2–4|mm}} long. The [[Papilionaceous flower#Corolla|standard]] petal is orange-red to pink with a greenish-yellow centre, {{cvt|9.8–16|mm}} long, the [[Papilionaceous flower#Corolla|wings]] pink and {{cvt|8.9–14|mm}} long and the [[Papilionaceous flower#Corolla|keel]] red and {{cvt|8–11|mm}} long. Flowering occurs from July to December and the fruit is a flattened, narrow oblong [[Pod (fruit)|pod]] {{cvt|25–72|mm}} long.<ref name=Bodkin>{{cite book|last=Bodkin |first=Frances |authorlink=Frances Bodkin |year=1991|place=Australia|title=Encyclopaedia Botanica|publisher=Cornstalk Publishing|isbn=978-0207150647}}</ref><ref name=WA>{{FloraBase|name=''Kennedia coccinea'' |id=4037}}</ref><ref name="Lally">{{cite journal |last1=Lally |first1=Terena R. |title=A taxonomic revision of the Western Australian endemic species ''Kennedia coccinea'' (Fabaceae) |journal=Nuytsia |date=2010 |volume=20 |pages=202–215 |url=https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/science/nuytsia/596.pdf |access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref>
The species was first formally described by [[E.P. Ventenat]] in 1804 in ''[[Jardin de la Malmaison]]''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?TAXON_NAME=KENNEDIA+COCCINEA|title=''Kennedia coccinea'' |accessdate=2008-09-24|work= [[Australian Plant Name Index]] (APNI), IBIS database|publisher = Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra}}</ref> Two varieties were described in ''[[Paxton's Magazine of Botany]]'' in 1835, namely var. ''elegans'' and var. ''coccinea''.<ref name=APNI/> Three further varieties were transferred from the genus ''Zichya'' in 1923 by [[Domin]], namely var. ''molly'' , var. and var. ''villosa''. Currently, the [[Western Australian Herbarium]] recognises only two informal subspecies known tentatively as subsp. Coastal<ref>{{FloraBase|name= ''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. Coastal|id=31382 }} </ref> and subsp. Inland.<ref>{{FloraBase|name=''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. Inland |id=31381 }} </ref>
[[Image:Elegant Scarlet Kennedia from Magazine of Botany by Paxton..jpg|thumb| ''Kennedia coccinea'' var. ''elegans'' illustrated in [[Joseph Paxton|Paxton's]] ''Magazine of Botany'' in 1835<ref name="Paxton">{{cite journal |last1=Paxton |first1=Joseph |journal=Paxton's Magazine of Botany, and Register of Flowering Plants |date=1835 |volume=2 |page=99 |title=''Kennedia coccinea elegans'' |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/187837#page/156/mode/1up |access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref>]]


==Cultivation==
==Taxonomy==
This species was first formally described in 1794 by [[William Curtis]] who gave it the name ''Glycine coccinea'' in his ''[[Botanical Magazine]]'' from plants raised "in the neighbourhood of London from Botany-Bay seeds".<ref name=APNI1>{{cite web|title=''Glycine coccinea''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/520676 |publisher=APNI|access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="Curtis">{{cite book |last1=Curtis |first1=William |title=The Botanical Magazine |volume=8 |date=1794 |location=London |page=270 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7356#page/114/mode/1up |access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref> In 1805, [[Étienne Pierre Ventenat]] changed the name to ''Kennedia coccinea'' in his book ''Jardin de la Malmaison''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Kennedia coccinea''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/520752 |publisher=APNI|access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref> The [[Binomial Nomenclature|specific epithet]] (''coccinea'') means "scarlet".<ref name="Sharr">{{cite book |last1=Sharr |first1=Francis Aubi |last2=George |first2=Alex |title=Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings |date=2019 |publisher=Four Gables Press |location=Kardinya, WA |isbn=9780958034180 |page=1666 |edition=3rd}}</ref>

Two varieties, ''elegans'' and ''coccinea'' were described in ''Paxton's Magazine of Botany'' in 1835, and a further three varieties ''molly'', ''sericea'' and ''villosa''were transferred from the genus ''Zichya'' in 1923 by Czech botanist [[Karel Domin]]. All five of these varieties are now regarded as [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonyms]] of ''K. coccinea'' by the [[Australian Plant Census]].<ref name="APC" />

In 2010, [[Terena R. Lally]] described three subspecies of ''K. coccinea'' and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:
* ''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''calcaria'' <small>Lally</small><ref name=APC1>{{cite web|title=''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''calcaria''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/228434|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref> is a prostrate or scrambling shrub with flowers in groups of thirteen to thirty or more, growing on sand in coastal heath;<ref name="Lally" /><ref name=WA1>{{FloraBase|name=''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''calcaria'' |id=37960}}</ref>
* ''Kennedia coccinea'' <small>(Curtis) Vent. </small> subsp. ''coccinea''<ref name=APC2>{{cite web|title=''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''coccinea''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/228433|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref> is a twining or scrambling shrub with flowers in groups of thirteen to thirty or more, growing in forest;<ref name="Lally" /><ref name=WA2>{{FloraBase|name=''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''coccinea'' |id=37940}}</ref>
* ''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''esotera'' <small>Lally</small><ref name=APC3>{{cite web|title=''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''esotera''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/228435|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref> is a prostrate shrub with flowers in groups of three to twelve.<ref name="Lally" /><ref name=WA3>{{FloraBase|name=''Kennedia coccinea'' subsp. ''esotera'' |id=37961}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
Subspecies ''calcaria'' grows in sand over limestone in coastal heath between [[Jurien Bay]] and [[Albany, Western Australia|Albany]], subsp. ''coccinea'' in forest and woodland in a wide area between [[Northam, Western Australia|Northam]] [[Augusta, Western Australia|Augusta]] and Albany, and subsp. ''esotera'' in open forest, mallee-heath or scrub, often in disturbed areas, from near [[Eneabba]] to Albany and [[Israelite Bay]].<ref name="Lally" />

==Conservation status==
All three subspecies of ''K. coccinea'' are listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia [[Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (Western Australia)|Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions]].<ref name="WA1" /><ref name="WA2" /><ref name="WA3" />

==Use in horticulture==
The species is naturally adapted to sandy or lighter soils and prefers some shade.<ref name=Bodkin/><ref name=WA/> It is resistant to drought and has some frost tolerance. Plants can be propagated by scarified seed or cuttings of semi-mature growth.<ref name=Bodkin/>
The species is naturally adapted to sandy or lighter soils and prefers some shade.<ref name=Bodkin/><ref name=WA/> It is resistant to drought and has some frost tolerance. Plants can be propagated by scarified seed or cuttings of semi-mature growth.<ref name=Bodkin/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q6389565}}


[[Category:Fabales of Australia]]
[[Category:Fabales of Australia]]
⚫
[[Category:Faboideae]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1804]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1804]]
[[Category:Rosids of Western Australia]]
[[Category:Rosids of Western Australia]]
⚫
[[Category:Kennedia|coccinea]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Étienne Pierre Ventenat]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Southwest Australia]]

Latest revision as of 23:36, 14 September 2022

Coral vine
Kennedia coccinea in Glen Forrest, Western Australia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Kennedia
Species:
K. coccinea
Binomial name
Kennedia coccinea
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Caulinia coccinea (Curtis) F.Muell.
    • Caulinia coccinea (Curtis) Kuntze isonym
    • Caulinia eximia (Lindl. ex Paxton) F.Muell.
    • Caulinia eximia (Lindl. ex Paxton) Kuntze isonym
    • Caulinia inophylla (Lindl.) Kuntze
    • Glycine coccinea Curtis nom. et typ. cons.
    • Kennedia coccinea var. angustifolia (Lindl.) Diels
    • Kennedia coccinea var. elegans Paxton
    • Kennedia coccinea var. inophylla (Lindl.) Domin
    • Kennedia coccinea var. villosa (Lindl.) Domin
    • Kennedia dilatata Sweet nom. inval., nom. nud.
    • Kennedia dilatata A.Cunn. ex Lindl.
    • Kennedia eximia Lindl. ex Paxton
    • Kennedia heterophylla Sweet nom. inval., nom. nud.
    • Kennedia inophylla Sweet nom. inval., nom. nud.
    • Kennedia inophylla Lindl.
    • Kennedia pannosa (Paxton) Daveau
    • Kennedya coccinea Domin orth. var.
    • Kennedya coccinea var. inophylla Domin orth. var.
    • Kennedya coccinea var. villosa Domin orth. var.
    • Kennedya inophylla Lindl.
    • Zichya angustifolia Lindl.
    • Zichya coccinea (Curtis) Benth. isonym
    • Zichya coccinea (Curtis) Hügel
    • Zichya coccinea (Curtis) Benth. isonym
    • Zichya dilatata (A.Cunn. ex Lindl.) E.Pritz.
    • Zichya inophylla (Lindl.) Benth. isonym
    • Zichya inophylla (Lindl.) Hügel
    • Zichya inophylla (Lindl.) Benth. isonym
    • Zichya pannosa Paxton
    • Zichya sericea Hügel
    • Zichya tricolor Lindl.
    • Zichya villosa Lindl.

Kennedia coccinea, commonly known as coral vine,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a twining, climbing or prostrate shrub with trifoliate leaves and orange-pink, red and pink, pea-like flowers.

Description[edit]

Kennedia coccinea is a twining, climbing or prostrate shrub, with stems up to 4 mm (0.16 in) in diameter covered with white to ginger-coloured hairs. The leaves are trifoliate, the end leaflet 11–83 mm (0.43–3.27 in) long and 7–55 mm (0.28–2.17 in) wide, the lateral leaflets smaller. The leaves are a darker green on the upper surface than the lower and are on a petiole 6–60 mm (0.24–2.36 in) long, each leaflet on a petiolule 0.5–3 mm (0.020–0.118 in) long. The stipules at the base of the petiole are triangular, 1.7–5 mm (0.067–0.197 in) long. The flowers are 9.5–16 mm (0.37–0.63 in) long and arranged in groups of between three and thirty on a peduncle 60–230 mm (2.4–9.1 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 1.5–10 mm (0.059–0.394 in) long. The five sepals are hairy, 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) long with lobes 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long. The standard petal is orange-red to pink with a greenish-yellow centre, 9.8–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in) long, the wings pink and 8.9–14 mm (0.35–0.55 in) long and the keel red and 8–11 mm (0.31–0.43 in) long. Flowering occurs from July to December and the fruit is a flattened, narrow oblong pod 25–72 mm (0.98–2.83 in) long.[3][4][5]

Kennedia coccinea var. elegans illustrated in Paxton's Magazine of Botany in 1835[6]

Taxonomy[edit]

This species was first formally described in 1794 by William Curtis who gave it the name Glycine coccinea in his Botanical Magazine from plants raised "in the neighbourhood of London from Botany-Bay seeds".[7][8] In 1805, Étienne Pierre Ventenat changed the name to Kennedia coccinea in his book Jardin de la Malmaison.[9] The specific epithet (coccinea) means "scarlet".[10]

Two varieties, elegans and coccinea were described in Paxton's Magazine of Botany in 1835, and a further three varieties molly, sericea and villosawere transferred from the genus Zichya in 1923 by Czech botanist Karel Domin. All five of these varieties are now regarded as synonyms of K. coccinea by the Australian Plant Census.[1]

In 2010, Terena R. Lally described three subspecies of K. coccinea and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:

  • Kennedia coccinea subsp. calcaria Lally[11] is a prostrate or scrambling shrub with flowers in groups of thirteen to thirty or more, growing on sand in coastal heath;[5][12]
  • Kennedia coccinea (Curtis) Vent. subsp. coccinea[13] is a twining or scrambling shrub with flowers in groups of thirteen to thirty or more, growing in forest;[5][14]
  • Kennedia coccinea subsp. esotera Lally[15] is a prostrate shrub with flowers in groups of three to twelve.[5][16]

Distribution and habitat[edit]

Subspecies calcaria grows in sand over limestone in coastal heath between Jurien Bay and Albany, subsp. coccinea in forest and woodland in a wide area between Northam Augusta and Albany, and subsp. esotera in open forest, mallee-heath or scrub, often in disturbed areas, from near Eneabba to Albany and Israelite Bay.[5]

Conservation status[edit]

All three subspecies of K. coccinea are listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.[12][14][16]

Use in horticulture[edit]

The species is naturally adapted to sandy or lighter soils and prefers some shade.[3][4] It is resistant to drought and has some frost tolerance. Plants can be propagated by scarified seed or cuttings of semi-mature growth.[3]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "Kennedia coccinea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  2. ^ "Kennedia coccinea". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  3. ^ a b c Bodkin, Frances (1991). Encyclopaedia Botanica. Australia: Cornstalk Publishing. ISBN 978-0207150647.
  4. ^ a b "Kennedia coccinea". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  5. ^ a b c d e Lally, Terena R. (2010). "A taxonomic revision of the Western Australian endemic species Kennedia coccinea (Fabaceae)" (PDF). Nuytsia. 20: 202–215. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  6. ^ Paxton, Joseph (1835). "Kennedia coccinea elegans". Paxton's Magazine of Botany, and Register of Flowering Plants. 2: 99. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  7. ^ "Glycine coccinea". APNI. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  8. ^ Curtis, William (1794). The Botanical Magazine. Vol. 8. London. p. 270. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  9. ^ "Kennedia coccinea". APNI. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  10. ^ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 1666. ISBN 9780958034180.
  11. ^ "Kennedia coccinea subsp. calcaria". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  12. ^ a b "Kennedia coccinea subsp. calcaria". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  13. ^ "Kennedia coccinea subsp. coccinea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  14. ^ a b "Kennedia coccinea subsp. coccinea". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  15. ^ "Kennedia coccinea subsp. esotera". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  16. ^ a b "Kennedia coccinea subsp. esotera". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
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