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Marcus Appius Bradua, also known by his full name Marcus Atilius Metilius Bradua^[1] (Greek: Μαρκόν Άππιον Βραδούαν ^[2]) was a Roman politician who lived in the second half of the 1st century and the first half of the 2nd century in the Roman Empire.

Biography[edit]

Bradua was a member of the gens Atilia. He was born and raised in a Roman family of consular rank, possibly of Patrician rank.^[1] Bradua originated in Cisalpina (northern Italy).^[1] His father, Marcus Atilius Postumus Bradua, served as a proconsul of the Asia Province under the Emperor Domitian (81–96).^[1] His second nomen, Metilius, suggests that his mother may have been a Metilia.^[1] If so, his uncle could be the governor Publius Metilius Nepos.^[1]

Probably due to his patrician rank, Bradua went from the quaestorship to praetorship.^[1] There is a possibility at some point he could have served as a military tribune.^[1] In 108, Bradua served as an ordinary consul with Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus.^[1] After his time as consul, he was admitted to the College of Pontiffs.

From probably at least 111 until 118, Bradua served as the governor of Britain. At an unknown date he served as governor of either Germania Inferior or Germania Superior.^[3] Either in the year 122 or 123, Bradua became Proconsul of the Africa Province. Sometime after his African Proconsulship, he may have accompanied Hadrian on one of his numerous journeys around the Empire.^[3] Bradua outlived Hadrian's reign and died at an unknown date during the reign of the Emperor Antoninus Pius (138–161).^[3]

Marriage and issue[edit]

Bradua married Caucidia Tertulla, an aristocrat who may have had Etruscan lineage.^[4] Tertulla bore Bradua two children:

Son, Marcus Atilius Metilius Bradua Caucidius Tertullus...Bassus.^[5]^[6] He served as Proconsul of the Africa Province under Antoninus Pius.^[6]
Daughter, Atilia Caucidia Tertulla,^[5] who married the younger Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus. His father, the elder Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus, was Bradua's consular colleague in 108.^[1] Atilia Caucidia Tertulla bore the younger Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus two children.

One of the proconsular governors of Africa, Publius Vigellius Raius Plarius Saturninus Atilius Braduanus Caucidius Tertullus, may have been a descendant of Bradua's marriage to Caucidia Tertulla.

Posthumous Honors[edit]

At Olympia, Greece, there is a stone inscription dedicated to him by his granddaughter Aspasia Annia Regilla.^[1]

The city of the Eleans (honors) Marcus Appius Bradua, quaestor, praetor, [?proconsul of … and of Africa?, comes?] of the god Hadrian, consular (governor) of Germany and Britain, pontifex, sodalis Hadrianalis, maternal grandfather of Regilla, wife of Herodes.

On a stone, dated perhaps after 126, there is an honorific inscription stating, “[…] Bradua […] Propraetor”, that is found in Gwynedd. This may refer to the period that Bradua was governor of Britain.^[7]

Aspasia Annia Regilla and her husband Herodes Atticus had built at Olympia an outdoor monument called an exedra, which featured statues honoring their various relatives and members of the ruling imperial family. Among the statues that Regilla added was one of Bradua, of which only the head and his portrait bust survived, and is on display at the Archaeological Museum of Olympia.^[8]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Birley, Roman government, p. 112
^ This version of his name is known from an honorific Greek stone inscription dedicated to Bradua at Olympia, Greece. Birley, Roman government, p. 112
^ ^a ^b ^c Birley, Roman government, p .113
^ Pomeroy, The murder of Regilla, pp. 14-15
^ ^a ^b Pomeroy, The murder of Regilla, p.15
^ ^a ^b Birley, The Roman government of Britain p. 113-114
^ RIB 419; Marcus Appius (or Attius, or Atilius) Bradua Archived 2010-03-27 at the Wayback Machine (last accessed 8 July 2014)
^ Plancia Magna, Aurelia Paulina, and Regilla: Civic Donors (last accessed 8 July 2014)

Sources[edit]

Marcus Appius (or Attius, or Atilius) Bradua
Plancia Magna, Aurelia Paulina, and Regilla: Civic Donors
A. R. Birley, The Roman government of Britain, Oxford University Press, 2005
S. B. Pomeroy, The murder of Regilla: a case of domestic violence in antiquity, Harvard University Press, 2007

Political offices
Preceded by Gaius Julius Longinus, and Gaius Valerius Paullinus as Suffect consuls	Consul of the Roman Empire 108 with Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus	Succeeded by Publius Aelius Hadrianus, and Marcus Trebatius Priscus as Suffect consuls
Preceded by Unknown, previously Lucius Neratius Marcellus	Roman governors of Britain c. 115 - 118	Succeeded by Quintus Pompeius Falco

[birley112-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Birley, Roman government, p. 112

[birley111-2] This version of his name is known from an honorific Greek stone inscription dedicated to Bradua at Olympia, Greece. Birley, Roman government, p. 112

[birley113-3] Birley, Roman government, p .113

[4] Pomeroy, The murder of Regilla, pp. 14-15

[pomeroy15-5] Pomeroy, The murder of Regilla, p.15

[birley114-6] Birley, The Roman government of Britain p. 113-114

[7] RIB 419; Marcus Appius (or Attius, or Atilius) Bradua Archived 2010-03-27 at the Wayback Machine (last accessed 8 July 2014)

[8] Plancia Magna, Aurelia Paulina, and Regilla: Civic Donors (last accessed 8 July 2014)

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Late 1st/early 2nd century Roman tribune, consul and governor}}
-'''Marcus Appius Bradua''' <ref name="birley111">this version of his name is known from an honorific Greek stone inscription dedicated to Bradua at [[Olympia, Greece]]. Birley, ''The Roman government of Britain'' p.112</ref>, also known by his full name '''Marcus Atilius Metilius Bradua''' <ref name="birley112">Birley, ''The Roman government of Britain'' p.112</ref> ([[Ancient Greek|Greek]]: ''Μαρκόν Άππιον Βραδούαν'' <ref name="birley111"/>) was a distinguished [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] Politician who lived in the second half of the 1st century and the first half of the 2nd century in the [[Roman Empire]].
+'''Marcus Appius Bradua''', also known by his full name '''Marcus Atilius Metilius Bradua'''<ref name="birley112">Birley, ''Roman government'', p.&nbsp;112</ref> ([[Ancient Greek|Greek]]: ''Μαρκόν Άππιον Βραδούαν'' <ref name="birley111">This version of his name is known from an honorific Greek stone inscription dedicated to Bradua at [[Olympia, Greece]]. Birley, ''Roman government'', p.&nbsp;112</ref>) was a [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] politician who lived in the second half of the 1st century and the first half of the 2nd century in the [[Roman Empire]].
 ==Biography==
+Bradua was a member of the [[gens]] [[Atilia gens|Atilia]]. He was born and raised in a Roman family of consular rank, possibly of [[Patrician (ancient Rome)|Patrician rank]].<ref name="birley112"/> Bradua originated in [[Cisalpine Gaul|Cisalpina]] (northern [[Italy]]).<ref name="birley112"/> His father, [[Marcus Atilius Postumus Bradua]], served as a [[proconsul]] of the [[Asia (Roman province)|Asia Province]] under the [[Roman Emperor|Emperor]] [[Domitian]] (81–96).<ref name="birley112"/> His second [[Nomen (Roman name)|nomen]], ''Metilius'', suggests that his mother may have been a Metilia.<ref name="birley112"/> If so, his uncle could be the governor [[Publius Metilius Nepos]].<ref name="birley112"/>
-Bradua was a member of the [[Atilia (gens)]]. He was born, raised in a Roman family of consular rank that could have been of [[Patrician (ancient Rome)|Patrician rank]]
-<ref name="birley112"/>. Bradua originated from [[Cisalpine Gaul|Cisalpina]] <ref name="birley112"/>. His father, Marcus Atilius Postumus Bradua, served as a [[proconsul]] of the [[Asia (Roman province)|Asia Province]] under the [[Roman Emperor]] [[Domitian]] (81-96) <ref name="birley112"/>. According to his second [[nomen]] ''Metilius'', suggest that his mother may have been a Metilia <ref name="birley112"/>. If so, his uncle could be the governor [[Publius Metilius Nepos]] <ref name="birley112"/>.
-Probably due to his patrician rank, Bradua went from the [[quaestor]]ship to [[praetor]]ship <ref name="birley112"/>. There is a possibility at some point he could have served as a military [[tribune]] <ref name="birley112"/>. In 108, Bradua served as an ordinary consul with [[Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus (consul 108)|Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus]] <ref name="birley112"/>. After his time as consul, he served as a [[Pontifex Maximus]].
+Probably due to his patrician rank, Bradua went from the [[quaestor]]ship to [[praetor]]ship.<ref name="birley112"/> There is a possibility at some point he could have served as a [[military tribune]].<ref name="birley112"/> In 108, Bradua served as an ordinary consul with [[Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus (consul 108)|Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus]].<ref name="birley112"/> After his time as consul, he was admitted to the [[College of Pontiffs]].
-From probably at least 111 until 118, Bradua served as the governor of [[Roman Britain|Britain]]. At an unknown date he served as governor of either [[Germania Inferior]] or [[Germania Superior]] <ref name="birley113">Birley, ''The Roman government of Britain'' p.113</ref>. Either in the year 122 or 123, Bradua became Proconsul of the [[Africa Province]]. Sometime after his African Proconsulship, he may have accompanied on one of the [[Roman Emperor]] [[Hadrian]]’s numerous journeys around the [[Roman Empire]] <ref name="birley113"/>. Bradua outlived Hadrian’s reign and died at an unknown date during the reign of Roman Emperor [[Antoninus Pius]] (138-161)<ref name="birley113"/>.
+From probably at least 111 until 118, Bradua served as the governor of [[Roman Britain|Britain]]. At an unknown date he served as governor of either [[Germania Inferior]] or [[Germania Superior]].<ref name="birley113">Birley, ''Roman government'', p&nbsp;.113</ref> Either in the year 122 or 123, Bradua became Proconsul of the [[Africa Province]]. Sometime after his African Proconsulship, he may have accompanied [[Hadrian]] on one of his numerous journeys around the [[Roman Empire|Empire]].<ref name="birley113"/> Bradua outlived Hadrian's reign and died at an unknown date during the reign of the Emperor [[Antoninus Pius]] (138–161).<ref name="birley113"/>
 ==Marriage and issue==
-Bradua had marry Caucidia Tertulla, a Roman aristocratic woman, who may had [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan linage]] <ref>Pomeroy, ''The murder of Regilla: a case of the domestic violence in antiquity'' p.14-15</ref>. Tertulla bore Bradua two children:
+Bradua married Caucidia Tertulla, an aristocrat who may have had [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan lineage]].<ref>Pomeroy, ''The murder of Regilla'', pp.&nbsp;14-15</ref> Tertulla bore Bradua two children:
-* Son, Marcus Atilius Metilius Bradua Caucidius Tertullus…Bassus <ref name="pomeroy15">Pomeroy, ''The murder of Regilla: a case of the domestic violence in antiquity'' p.15</ref><ref name="birley114">Birley, ''The Roman government of Britain'' p.113-114</ref>. He served as a polyonymous Proconsul of the [[Africa Province]] under Antoninus Pius <ref name="birley114"/>.
+* Son, Marcus Atilius Metilius Bradua Caucidius Tertullus...Bassus.<ref name="pomeroy15">Pomeroy, ''The murder of Regilla'', p.15</ref><ref name="birley114">Birley, ''The Roman government of Britain'' p.&nbsp;113-114</ref> He served as Proconsul of the [[Africa Province]] under Antoninus Pius.<ref name="birley114"/>
-* Daughter, [[Atilia Caucidia Tertulla]] <ref name="pomeroy15"/>, who married the younger [[Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus (consul 139)|Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus]]. His father an elder Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus was Bradua’s consular colleague in 108 <ref name="birley112"/>. Atilia Caucidia Tertulla bore the younger Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus, two children.
+* Daughter, [[Atilia Caucidia Tertulla]],<ref name="pomeroy15"/> who married the younger [[Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus (consul 139)|Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus]]. His father, the elder Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus, was Bradua's consular colleague in 108.<ref name="birley112"/> Atilia Caucidia Tertulla bore the younger Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus two children.
-One of the Roman governors of Lower [[Moesia]], Publius Vigellius Raius Plaurius Saturninus Atilius Braduanus Caucidius Tertullus that served in the province c. 169-170, may have been a descendant from Bradua’s marriage to Caucidia Tertulla.
+One of the [[proconsul]]ar governors of [[Africa (Roman province)|Africa]], [[Publius Vigellius Saturninus|Publius Vigellius Raius Plarius Saturninus Atilius Braduanus Caucidius Tertullus]], may have been a descendant of Bradua's marriage to Caucidia Tertulla.
 ==Posthumous Honors==
-At [[Olympia, Greece]], there is a stone inscription dedicated to him by his granddaughter [[Aspasia Annia Regilla]] <ref name="birley112"/>.
+At [[Olympia, Greece]], there is a stone inscription dedicated to him by his granddaughter [[Aspasia Annia Regilla]].<ref name="birley112"/>
-: The city of the Eleans (honors) Marcus Appius Bradua, quaestor, praetor, [?proconsul of … and of Africa?, comes?] of the god Hadrian, consular (governor) of Germany and Britain, ponifex, sodalis Hadrianalis, maternal grandfather of Regilla, wife of Herodes.
+: The city of the Eleans (honors) Marcus Appius Bradua, quaestor, praetor, [?proconsul of … and of Africa?, comes?] of the god Hadrian, consular (governor) of Germany and Britain, pontifex, sodalis Hadrianalis, maternal grandfather of Regilla, wife of Herodes.
-On a stone, dated perhaps after 126, there is an honorific inscription stating, “[…] Bradua […] Propraetor”, that is found in [[Gwynedd]]. This may refer to the period that Bradua was governor of Britain <ref>http://www.roman-britain.org/people/bradua.htm</ref>.
+On a stone, dated perhaps after 126, there is an honorific inscription stating, “[…] Bradua […] [[Promagistrate|Propraetor]]”, that is found in [[Gwynedd]]. This may refer to the period that Bradua was governor of Britain.<ref>[[Roman Inscriptions of Britain|RIB]] 419; [http://www.roman-britain.org/people/bradua.htm Marcus Appius (or Attius, or Atilius) Bradua] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327032113/http://www.roman-britain.org/people/bradua.htm |date=2010-03-27 }} (last accessed 8 July 2014)</ref>
-Aspasia Annia Regilla and her husband [[Herodes Atticus]] had built at Olympia an outdoor monument called an [[exedra]]. Regilla and her husband on the monument had added statues honoring their various relatives and members of the ruling imperial family. Among the statues that Regilla added was of Bradua. From his statue at the exedra, only survived the head and his portrait bust is on display at the [[Archaeological Museum of Olympia]] <ref>http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/women_civicdonors.html</ref>.
+Aspasia Annia Regilla and her husband [[Herodes Atticus]] had built at Olympia an outdoor monument called an [[exedra]], which featured statues honoring their various relatives and members of the ruling imperial family. Among the statues that Regilla added was one of Bradua, of which only the head and his portrait bust survived, and is on display at the [[Archaeological Museum of Olympia]].<ref>[http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/women_civicdonors.html Plancia Magna, Aurelia Paulina, and Regilla: Civic Donors] (last accessed 8 July 2014)</ref>
 ==References==
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 ==Sources==
-* http://www.roman-britain.org/people/bradua.htm
+* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327032113/http://www.roman-britain.org/people/bradua.htm Marcus Appius (or Attius, or Atilius) Bradua]
-* http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/women_civicdonors.html
+* [http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/women_civicdonors.html Plancia Magna, Aurelia Paulina, and Regilla: Civic Donors]
-* A. R. Birley, The Roman government of Britain, Oxford University Press, 2005
+* A. R. Birley, ''The Roman government of Britain'', Oxford University Press, 2005
-* S. B. Pomeroy, The murder of Regilla: a case of domestic violence in antiquity, Harvard University Press, 2007
+* S. B. Pomeroy, ''The murder of Regilla: a case of domestic violence in antiquity'', Harvard University Press, 2007
 {{S-start}}
+{{s-off}}
-{{Succession box|title = [[List of early imperial Roman consuls|Consul]] of the [[Roman Empire]] with [[Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus (consul 108)|Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus]]|before = [[Lucius Licinius Sura]] and [[Quintus Sosius Senecio]]||after = [[Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus]] and Publius Calvisius Tullus Ruso|years = 108}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Gaius Julius Longinus]], <br/>and [[Gaius Valerius Paullinus]]|as=Suffect consuls}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[List of early imperial Roman consuls|Consul]] of the [[Roman Empire]]|regent1=[[Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus (consul 108)|Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus]]|years=108}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Hadrian|Publius Aelius Hadrianus]], <br/>and [[Marcus Trebatius Priscus]]|as=Suffect consuls}}
 {{Succession box|title = [[Roman governors of Britain]]|before = Unknown, previously [[Lucius Neratius Marcellus]]||after = [[Quintus Pompeius Falco]]||years = c. 115 - 118}}
 {{S-end}}
@@ Line 42: / Line 45: @@
 [[Category:Roman governors of Britain|Appius Bradua, Marcus]]
 [[Category:Imperial Roman consuls|Appius Bradua, Marcus]]
+[[Category:1st-century Romans]]
 [[Category:2nd-century Romans]]
+[[Category:1st-century births]]
+[[Category:2nd-century deaths]]
-[[bg:Марк Атилий Метилий Брадва]]
+[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
-[[es:Marco Apio Bradua]]
+[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
-[[la:Marcus Atilius Metilius Bradua]]
+[[Category:Imperial Roman praetors]]
-[[sh:Marko Apije Bradua]]
+[[Category:Atilii]]
+[[Category:Metilii|Bradua, Marcus]]
+[[Category:Roman governors of Africa]]