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{{Short description|Species of snake}} |
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{{Speciesbox | name = Formosa slug snake |
{{Speciesbox | name = Formosa slug snake |
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| image = Pareas_formosensis.jpg |
| image = Pareas_formosensis.jpg |
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| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 |
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref name= |
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Rao, D.-q. |author2=Lau, M. |date=2012 |title=''Pareas formosensis'' |volume=2012 |page=e.T191967A2022215 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T191967A2022215.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| taxon = Pareas formosensis |
| taxon = Pareas formosensis |
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| authority = ([[John Van Denburgh|Van Denburgh]], 1909) |
| authority = ([[John Van Denburgh|Van Denburgh]], 1909) |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Formosa slug snake''' or '''Taiwan slug snake''' |
'''Formosa slug snake''' or '''Taiwan slug snake''' ('''''Pareas formosensis''''') is a species of non-venomous snake in the family [[Pareatidae]]. It is [[endemic]] to [[Taiwan]].<ref name=RDB>{{NRDB species|genus=Pareas |species=formosensis |accessdate=13 June 2016}}</ref><ref name=snakesoftaiwan/><ref name=TaiBNet/> |
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==Taxonomy== |
==Taxonomy== |
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It has been suggested that ''[[Pareas chinensis]]'' should be treated as a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''P. formosensis'', but recent genetic research does not support this: ''P. formosensis'' does not appear closely related to ''P. chinensis'' but is instead a sister species to ''[[Pareas hamptoni|P. hamptoni]]''.<ref name= |
It has been suggested that ''[[Pareas chinensis]]'' should be treated as a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''P. formosensis'', but recent genetic research does not support this: ''P. formosensis'' does not appear closely related to ''P. chinensis'' but is instead a sister species to ''[[Pareas hamptoni|P. hamptoni]]''.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /><ref name=RDB/> The delineation of these species is not clear. In future, ''P. formosensis'' might become a [[subspecies]] of ''P. hamptoni'', or some snakes from the mainland might be classified as ''P. formosensis''.<ref name="You et al. 2015"/> |
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Further studies have shown that ''[[Pareas komaii]]'' is a valid species, instead of being a synonym of ''P. formosensis''. The study also [[species description|described]] a new species, ''[[Pareas atayal]]'', that have been confused with ''P. formosensis''. Thus, three ''Pareas'' species occur in Taiwan.<ref name="You et al. 2015"/> |
Further studies have shown that ''[[Pareas komaii]]'' is a valid species, instead of being a synonym of ''P. formosensis''. The study also [[species description|described]] a new species, ''[[Pareas atayal]]'', that have been confused with ''P. formosensis''. Thus, three ''Pareas'' species occur in Taiwan.<ref name="You et al. 2015"/> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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The Formosa slug snake is a small snake with total length up to {{convert|70|cm|abbr=on}}. These snakes are widespread in mountainous, moist forests. Formosa slug snakes are nocturnal and feed on land snails and slugs. Female snakes produce a clutch of 2–9 eggs; the hatchlings measure about {{convert|15|cm|abbr=on}} in total length.<ref name=snakesoftaiwan>{{cite web |url=http://www.snakesoftaiwan.com/Pareas%20formosensis/species_pareas_formosensis.htm |title=''Pareas formosensis'' |author=Hans Breuer |author2=William Christopher Murphy | |
The Formosa slug snake is a small snake with total length up to {{convert|70|cm|abbr=on}}. These snakes are widespread in mountainous, moist forests. Formosa slug snakes are nocturnal and feed on land snails and slugs. Female snakes produce a clutch of 2–9 eggs; the hatchlings measure about {{convert|15|cm|abbr=on}} in total length.<ref name=snakesoftaiwan>{{cite web |url=http://www.snakesoftaiwan.com/Pareas%20formosensis/species_pareas_formosensis.htm |title=''Pareas formosensis'' |author=Hans Breuer |author2=William Christopher Murphy |name-list-style=amp |date=2009–2010 |publisher=Snakes of Taiwan |access-date=12 May 2013 |archive-date=11 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911131958/http://snakesoftaiwan.com/Pareas%20formosensis/species_pareas_formosensis.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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''P. formosensis'' is readily distinguished from ''P. komaii'' and ''P. atayal'' by its red [[Iris (anatomy)|iris]] and totally smooth [[dorsal scales]].<ref name="You et al. 2015"/> |
''P. formosensis'' is readily distinguished from ''P. komaii'' and ''P. atayal'' by its red [[Iris (anatomy)|iris]] and totally smooth [[dorsal scales]].<ref name="You et al. 2015"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist|30em|refs= |
{{Reflist|30em|refs= |
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<ref name=TaiBNet>{{cite web |url=http://taibnet.sinica.edu.tw/eng/taibnet_species_detail.php?name_code=380648 |title=''Pareas formosensis'' |editor=K. T. Shao |year= |work=Catalogue of life in Taiwan |publisher=Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan | |
<ref name=TaiBNet>{{cite web |url=http://taibnet.sinica.edu.tw/eng/taibnet_species_detail.php?name_code=380648 |title=''Pareas formosensis'' |editor=K. T. Shao |year= |work=Catalogue of life in Taiwan |publisher=Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> |
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<ref name="You et al. 2015">{{cite journal |last1=You |first1=Chung-Wei |last2=Poyarkov |first2=Nikolay A. |last3=Lin |first3=Si-Min |year=2015 |title=Diversity of the snail-eating snakes ''Pareas'' (Serpentes, Pareatidae) from Taiwan |journal=Zoologica Scripta |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/zsc.12111}}</ref> |
<ref name="You et al. 2015">{{cite journal |last1=You |first1=Chung-Wei |last2=Poyarkov |first2=Nikolay A. |last3=Lin |first3=Si-Min |year=2015 |title=Diversity of the snail-eating snakes ''Pareas'' (Serpentes, Pareatidae) from Taiwan |journal=Zoologica Scripta |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/zsc.12111|s2cid=59477159 }}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q3006781}} |
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[[Category:Pareas]] |
[[Category:Pareas]] |
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[[Category:Snakes of Asia]] |
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[[Category:Reptiles of Taiwan]] |
[[Category:Reptiles of Taiwan]] |
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[[Category:Endemic fauna of Taiwan]] |
[[Category:Endemic fauna of Taiwan]] |
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[[Category:Reptiles described in 1909]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by John Van Denburgh]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:17, 1 July 2023
| Formosa slug snake | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Pareidae |
| Genus: | Pareas |
| Species: | P. formosensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Pareas formosensis (Van Denburgh, 1909)
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| Synonyms | |
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Amblycephalus formosensis Van Denburgh, 1909 | |
Formosa slug snake or Taiwan slug snake (Pareas formosensis) is a species of non-venomous snake in the family Pareatidae. It is endemic to Taiwan.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy[edit]
It has been suggested that Pareas chinensis should be treated as a synonym of P. formosensis, but recent genetic research does not support this: P. formosensis does not appear closely related to P. chinensis but is instead a sister species to P. hamptoni.[1][2] The delineation of these species is not clear. In future, P. formosensis might become a subspecies of P. hamptoni, or some snakes from the mainland might be classified as P. formosensis.[5]
Further studies have shown that Pareas komaii is a valid species, instead of being a synonym of P. formosensis. The study also described a new species, Pareas atayal, that have been confused with P. formosensis. Thus, three Pareas species occur in Taiwan.[5]
Description[edit]
The Formosa slug snake is a small snake with total length up to 70 cm (28 in). These snakes are widespread in mountainous, moist forests. Formosa slug snakes are nocturnal and feed on land snails and slugs. Female snakes produce a clutch of 2–9 eggs; the hatchlings measure about 15 cm (5.9 in) in total length.[3]
P. formosensis is readily distinguished from P. komaii and P. atayal by its red iris and totally smooth dorsal scales.[5]
Distribution[edit]
The Formosa slug snake occurs throughout the mountain regions of Taiwan, except for the north-eastern tip of the island.[5]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Rao, D.-q.; Lau, M. (2012). "Pareas formosensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T191967A2022215. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T191967A2022215.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ a b Pareas formosensis at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 13 June 2016.
- ^ a b Hans Breuer & William Christopher Murphy (2009–2010). "Pareas formosensis". Snakes of Taiwan. Archived from the original on 11 September 2019. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
- ^ K. T. Shao (ed.). "Pareas formosensis". Catalogue of life in Taiwan. Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
- ^ a b c d You, Chung-Wei; Poyarkov, Nikolay A.; Lin, Si-Min (2015). "Diversity of the snail-eating snakes Pareas (Serpentes, Pareatidae) from Taiwan". Zoologica Scripta. 44 (4): 349–361. doi:10.1111/zsc.12111. S2CID 59477159.