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{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{for|the general article about kokopu|kokopu}}
{{For|the general article about kokopu|kokopu}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| name = Shortjaw kokopu
| name = Shortjaw kōkopu
| image = Adult shortjaw kokopu (Galaxias postvectis), Heao Stream, Waitaanga Forest. Photo by Stella McQueen.jpg
| image = Shortjaw kokopu photographed in Huia, Auckland.jpg
| image_caption = Shortjaw Kokopu
| image_caption = Adult shortjaw kōkopu
| image2 = Adult shortjaw kokopu (Galaxias postvectis), Heao Stream, Waitaanga Forest. Photo by Stella McQueen.jpg
| image2_caption = Adult shortjaw kōkopu showing orange colouration
| status = EN
| status = EN
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref =<ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn|title=Galaxias postvectis|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8813/0|access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=West, D. |author2=David, B. |author3=Hitchmough, R. |author4=Champion, P. |author5=Ling, N. |author6=Allibone, R. |author7=Crow, S. |date=2014 |title=''Galaxias postvectis'' |volume=2014 |page=e.T8813A3147213 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T8813A3147213.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| taxon = Galaxias postvectis
| taxon = Galaxias postvectis
| authority = [[Frank Edward Clarke|F. E. Clarke]], 1899
| authority = [[Frank Edward Clarke|F. E. Clarke]], 1899
}}
}}
[[File:Shortjaw Kokopu.jpg|thumb|left]] The '''shortjaw kokopu''' (''Galaxias postvectis'') is a [[galaxiid]] fish, endemic to [[New Zealand]]. They are large, scaleless fish which inhabit stable pools in cascading, bouldery streams with forest cover.<ref name=mcdowall2000/> Shortjaw kokopu are [[amphidromous]], with the fry going to sea after hatching, and returning as juveniles to fresh water where they grow to adulthood.<ref name=mcdowall2000/> They may grow to a maximum of {{convert|350|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[fish measurement|total length]], but more commonly reach {{convert|150-200|mm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name=mcdowall2000>{{cite book|last1=McDowall|first1=R.M.|title=The Reed Field Guide to New Zealand Freshwater Fishes|date=2000|publisher=Reed|location=Auckland|isbn=0 7900 0725 8}}</ref>
The '''shortjaw kōkopu''' (''Galaxias postvectis'') is a [[galaxiid]] fish, endemic to [[New Zealand]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-06-04|title=Shortjaw kōkopu|url=https://niwa.co.nz/our-science/freshwater/tools/kaitiaki_tools/species/shortjawed-kokopu|access-date=2021-07-15|website=NIWA|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Galaxias postvectis, Shortjaw kokopu : fisheries |url=https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Galaxias-postvectis.html |access-date=2023-07-30 |website=fishbase.mnhn.fr}}</ref> They are large, scaleless fish which inhabit stable pools in cascading, bouldery streams with forest cover.<ref name="mcdowall2000" /> Shortjaw kōkopu are [[amphidromous]], with the fry going to sea after hatching, and returning as juveniles to fresh water where they grow to adulthood.<ref name="mcdowall2000" /> They may grow to a maximum of {{convert|350|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[fish measurement|total length]], but more commonly reach {{convert|150-200|mm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name=mcdowall2000>{{cite book|last1=McDowall|first1=R.M.|title=The Reed Field Guide to New Zealand Freshwater Fishes|date=2000|publisher=Reed|location=Auckland|isbn=0 7900 0725 8}}</ref>


The shortjaw kokopu live in microhabitats that have more large particles at the bed of the body of water (substrates) and more places to seek safety compared to all nearby possible habitats.<ref>{{Cite book|last=McQueen|first=Stella|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/858411018|title=A photographic guide to freshwater fishes of New Zealand|date=2013|others=Rod Morris|isbn=978-1-86966-386-5|location=Auckland|oclc=858411018}}</ref> During the night, they remain in calmer areas like pools, whereas during the day shortjaw kokopu spend their time in places with large substrates and a more tumultuous water surface, staying in both flow channel and pool habits.
The shortjaw kōkopu live in microhabitats that have more large particles at the bed of the body of water (substrates) and more places to seek safety compared to all nearby possible habitats.<ref>{{Cite book|last=McQueen|first=Stella|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/858411018|title=A photographic guide to freshwater fishes of New Zealand|date=2013|others=Rod Morris|isbn=978-1-86966-386-5|location=Auckland|oclc=858411018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-02-28 |title=Shortjaw kokopu |url=https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater/nzffd/NIWA-fish-atlas/fish-species/shortjaw_kokopu |access-date=2023-07-30 |website=NIWA |language=en}}</ref> During the night, they remain in calmer areas like pools, whereas during the day shortjaw kōkopu spend their time in places with large substrates and a more tumultuous water surface, staying in both flow channel and pool habits.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McEwan |first=Amber Julie |last2=Joy |first2=Michael Kevin |date=August 2014 |title=Diel habitat use of two sympatric galaxiid fishes (Galaxias brevipinnis and G. postvectis) at two spatial scales in a small upland stream in Manawatu, New Zealand |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10641-013-0191-x |journal=Environmental Biology of Fishes |language=en |volume=97 |issue=8 |pages=897–907 |doi=10.1007/s10641-013-0191-x |issn=0378-1909}}</ref>

In 2023 a newly recorded population of this species was detected in the Kopuawhara catchment north of [[Māhia Peninsula]] in Hawkes Bay using [[environmental DNA]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-31 |title=Regional council detects rare fish in Hawke's Bay using DNA traces |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/hawkes-bay-today/news/threatened-native-whitebait-species-discovered-in-hawkes-bay/JDCW2PCO3RCYHLZZNFMBDVAFSE/ |access-date=2023-07-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* {{FishBase species | genus = Galaxias | species = postvectis | month = March | year = 2006}}
* [http://www.niwa.co.nz/our-science/freshwater/tools/fishatlas/species/shortjaw_kokopu NIWA Fish Atlas - Shortjaw Kokopu June 2006]
*<ref>{{cite web |last1=McEwan |first1=AJ |title=Diel habitat use of two sympatric galaxiid fishes (Galaxias brevipinnis and G-postvectis) at two spatial scales in a small upland stream in Manawatu, New Zealand |url=http://apps.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=GeneralSearch&qid=1&SID=6FbixHLZ23CC11yU9O3&page=1&doc=1 |website=Web of Science |publisher=SPRINGER, 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}}</ref>


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commons}}
* [http://www.terranature.org/kokopuShortjaw.htm New Zealand native freshwater galaxiid fish, Shortjaw kokopu] TerraNature, Auckland 2010
* [http://www.terranature.org/kokopuShortjaw.htm New Zealand native freshwater galaxiid fish, Shortjaw kokopu] TerraNature, Auckland 2010
* Shortjaw kōkopu discussed on [[Radio New Zealand|RNZ]] ''[[Critter of the Week]]'', [https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018746656/critter-of-the-week-the-shortjaw-kokopu 15 May 2020]


{{Taxonbar|from=Q44154}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q44154}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Galaxias]]
[[Category:Galaxias]]
[[Category:Endemic freshwater fish of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Endemic freshwater fish of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1899]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1899]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Frank Edward Clarke]]




Latest revision as of 16:06, 14 October 2023

For the general article about kokopu, see kokopu.

Shortjaw kōkopu
Adult shortjaw kōkopu
Adult shortjaw kōkopu showing orange colouration
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Galaxiiformes
Family: Galaxiidae
Genus: Galaxias
Species:
G. postvectis
Binomial name
Galaxias postvectis

The shortjaw kōkopu (Galaxias postvectis) is a galaxiid fish, endemic to New Zealand.[2][3] They are large, scaleless fish which inhabit stable pools in cascading, bouldery streams with forest cover.[4] Shortjaw kōkopu are amphidromous, with the fry going to sea after hatching, and returning as juveniles to fresh water where they grow to adulthood.[4] They may grow to a maximum of 350 mm (14 in) in total length, but more commonly reach 150–200 mm (5.9–7.9 in).[4]

The shortjaw kōkopu live in microhabitats that have more large particles at the bed of the body of water (substrates) and more places to seek safety compared to all nearby possible habitats.[5][6] During the night, they remain in calmer areas like pools, whereas during the day shortjaw kōkopu spend their time in places with large substrates and a more tumultuous water surface, staying in both flow channel and pool habits.[7]

In 2023 a newly recorded population of this species was detected in the Kopuawhara catchment north of Māhia Peninsula in Hawkes Bay using environmental DNA.[8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ West, D.; David, B.; Hitchmough, R.; Champion, P.; Ling, N.; Allibone, R.; Crow, S. (2014). "Galaxias postvectis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T8813A3147213. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T8813A3147213.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Shortjaw kōkopu". NIWA. 2009-06-04. Retrieved 2021-07-15.
  3. ^ "Galaxias postvectis, Shortjaw kokopu : fisheries". fishbase.mnhn.fr. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
  4. ^ a b c McDowall, R.M. (2000). The Reed Field Guide to New Zealand Freshwater Fishes. Auckland: Reed. ISBN 0 7900 0725 8.
  5. ^ McQueen, Stella (2013). A photographic guide to freshwater fishes of New Zealand. Rod Morris. Auckland. ISBN 978-1-86966-386-5. OCLC 858411018.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  6. ^ "Shortjaw kokopu". NIWA. 2007-02-28. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
  7. ^ McEwan, Amber Julie; Joy, Michael Kevin (August 2014). "Diel habitat use of two sympatric galaxiid fishes (Galaxias brevipinnis and G. postvectis) at two spatial scales in a small upland stream in Manawatu, New Zealand". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 97 (8): 897–907. doi:10.1007/s10641-013-0191-x. ISSN 0378-1909.
  8. ^ "Regional council detects rare fish in Hawke's Bay using DNA traces". NZ Herald. 2023-07-31. Retrieved 2023-07-30.

External links[edit]

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