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{{Short description|Dravidian language spoken in India}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Naiki
| nativename =
| states = [[India]]
| speakers = 10,000
| date = 1989
| ref = e18
| speakers2 = 1,500 speakers (2007)
| familycolor = Dravidian
| fam2 = Central
| fam3 = Kolami–Naiki
| iso3 = nit
| glotto = sout1549
| glottorefname = Southeastern Kolami
| dia1 = Chanda
| dia2 = Naikṛi
| script = [[Devanagari]], [[Telugu script]]
| altname = Southeastern Kolami
}}
'''
==
=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+Vowels<ref name="bhk">{{harvp|Krishnamurti|2003|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=54fV7Lwu3fMC&q=grantha+script 72]}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |[[Front vowel|Front]]
! colspan="2" |[[Central vowel|Central]]
! colspan="2" |[[Back vowel|Back]]
|-
!<small>short</small>
!<small>long</small>
!<small>short</small>
!<small>long</small>
!<small>short</small>
!<small>long</small>
|- align="center"
![[High vowel|High]]
|{{IPAlink|i}}
|{{IPAlink|iː}}
|
|
|{{IPAlink|u}}
|{{IPAlink|uː}}
|- align="center"
![[Mid vowel|Mid]]
|{{IPAlink|e}}
|{{IPAlink|eː}}
|
|
|{{IPAlink|o}}
|{{IPAlink|oː}}
|- align="center"
![[Low vowel|Low]]
|
|
|{{IPAlink|a}}
|{{IPAlink|aː}}
|
|
|}
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+Consonants<ref name="bhk">{{harvp|Krishnamurti|2003|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=54fV7Lwu3fMC&q=grantha+script 72]}}</ref>
! colspan="3" |
! [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
! [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
! [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{IPA link|m}}
| {{IPA link|n}}
|
|
| {{IPA link|ŋ}}
|
|-
! rowspan="4" | [[Plosive]]/<br>[[Affricate]]
! rowspan="2" | {{small|voiceless}}
! {{small|plain}}
| {{IPA link|p}}
| {{IPA link|t}}, {{IPA link|ts}}
| {{IPA link|ʈ}}
| {{IPA link|tʃ}}
| {{IPA link|k}}
|
|-
! {{small|aspirated}}
| {{IPA link|pʰ}}
| {{IPA link|tʰ}}
| {{IPA link|ʈʰ}}
|
| {{IPA link|kʰ}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{small|voiced}}
! {{small|plain}}
| {{IPA link|b}}
| {{IPA link|d}}
| {{IPA link|ɖ}}
| {{IPA link|dʒ}}
| {{IPA link|g}}
|
|-
! {{small|aspirated}}
| {{IPA link|bʱ}}
| {{IPA link|dʱ}}
| {{IPA link|ɖʱ}}
| {{IPA link|dʒʱ}}
| {{IPA link|gʱ}}
|
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Fricative]]
| {{IPA link|v}}
| {{IPA link|s}}
|
|
|
| {{IPA link|h}}
|-
! colspan="3"| [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]]
|
| {{IPA link|r}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Approximant]]
|
| {{IPA link|l}}
| {{IPA link|ɭ}}
| {{IPA link|j}}
|
|
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{incubator|nit}}
{{Dravidian languages}}
[[Category:Dravidian languages]]
[[Category:
[[Category:
|
Latest revision as of 05:04, 4 January 2024
Naiki | |
---|---|
Southeastern Kolami | |
కొలామి | |
Native to | India |
Native speakers | (10,000 cited 1989)[1] 1,500 speakers (2007) |
Dravidian
| |
Dialects |
|
Devanagari, Telugu script | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | nit |
Glottolog | sout1549 |
ELP | Southeastern Kolami |
Naiki, or Southeastern Kolami, is a tribal Central Dravidian language used in Maharashtra state of India. Dialects are Naiki proper, or Chanda, and Naikṛi (Krishnamurti 2003:57)
Phonology[edit]
Vowels[edit]
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | short | long | short | long | |
High | i | iː | u | uː | ||
Mid | e | eː | o | oː | ||
Low | a | aː |
Consonants[edit]
Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||
Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | plain | p | t, ts | ʈ | tʃ | k | |
aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | ʈʰ | kʰ | ||||
voiced | plain | b | d | ɖ | dʒ | g | ||
aspirated | bʱ | dʱ | ɖʱ | dʒʱ | gʱ | |||
Fricative | v | s | h | |||||
Rhotic | r | |||||||
Approximant | l | ɭ | j |
References[edit]
- ^ Naiki at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ a b Krishnamurti (2003), pp. 72