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{{Infobox diacritic|char={{lang|hi|ऽ}} |
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'''Avagraha''' {{unicode|ऽ}} is a [[Devanagari]] symbol used to indicate [[elision]] of an {{unicode|अ}} ''{{IAST|a}}''. It is usually transliterated with an [[apostrophe]]. |
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'''Avagraha''' ('''{{lang|sa|ऽ}}''') is a symbol used to indicate [[prodelision]] of an {{lang|sa|अ}} ''({{IAST|a}})'' in many Indian languages like Sanskrit as shown below. It is usually transliterated with an apostrophe in Roman script and, in case of Devanagari, as in the [[Sanskrit]] philosophical expression {{lang|sa|शिवोऽहम्}} ''{{IAST|Śivo'ham}}'' (''{{IAST|Śivaḥ aham}}''), which is a [[sandhi]] of ({{lang|sa|शिवः}} + {{lang|sa|अहम्}}) ‘I am [[Shiva]]’. The avagraha is also used for prolonging vowel sounds in some languages, for example [[Hindi]] {{lang|hi|माँऽऽऽ!}} for ‘Mā̃ā̃ā̃ā̃!’ when calling to one's mother, or when transliterating foreign words in instant messaging: for example, 'cool' can be transliterated as {{lang|hi|कूऽल}}. {{citation needed|date=February 2023}} |
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In the case of Hindi, the character is also sometimes used as a symbol to denote long or heavy syllables, in [[Sanskrit prosody|metrical poetry]]. For example, the syllables in the word {{lang|sa|छंदः}} ''{{IAST|chandaḥ}}'' ‘metre’ (in [[nominative]]) can be denoted as "{{lang|sa|ऽऽ}}", meaning two long syllables. (Cf. other notations in entry "[[Systems of scansion]]".) |
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==Avagraha in Unicode== |
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The avagraha symbol is encoded at several [[Unicode]] points, for various [[Brahmic scripts]] that use it.<ref>{{citation |title=Devanagari |publisher=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0900.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Bengali |publisher=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0980.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Oriya(Odia) |publisher=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0B00.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Telugu |publisher=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0C00.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Malayalam |publisher=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0D00.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Tibetan |publisher=Unicode |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0F00.pdf}}</ref> |
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{| border="1" class="wikitable" |
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|+ Avagraha characters in Unicode |
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! Character !! Unicode character number !! Full Unicode name |
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|ऽ || U+093D || [[Devanagari alphabet|Devanagari]] sign avagraha |
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|꣱ || U+A8F1 || [[Combining character|Combining]] Devanagari sign avagraha |
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|ꣷ || U+A8F7 || Devanagari sign [[chandrabindu|candrabindu]] avagraha |
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|ঽ || U+09BD || [[Bengali alphabet|Bengali]] sign avagraha |
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|ઽ || U+0ABD || [[Gujarati alphabet|Gujarati]] sign avagraha |
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|ଽ || U+0B3D || [[Odia alphabet|Odia]] sign avagraha |
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|ఽ || U+0C3D || [[Telugu alphabet|Telugu]] sign avagraha |
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|ಽ || U+0CBD || [[Kannada alphabet|Kannada]] sign avagraha |
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|ഽ || U+0D3D || [[Malayalam alphabet|Malayalam]] sign avagraha |
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|ᮺ || U+1BBA || [[Sundanese alphabet|Sundanese]] sign avagraha |
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|𑓄 || U+114C4 || [[Tirhuta alphabet|Tirhuta]] sign avagraha |
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|྅ || U+0F85 || [[Tibetan script|Tibetan]] sign paluta |
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|ៜ || U+17DC || [[Khmer script|Khmer]] sign avakraha |
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|ᢅ || U+1885 || [[Mongolian script|Mongolian]] [[Galik alphabet|Galik]] sign baluda |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Navbox diacritical marks}} |
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Latest revision as of 20:18, 17 January 2024
ऽ | |
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Avagraha |
Avagraha (ऽ) is a symbol used to indicate prodelision of an अ (a) in many Indian languages like Sanskrit as shown below. It is usually transliterated with an apostrophe in Roman script and, in case of Devanagari, as in the Sanskrit philosophical expression शिवोऽहम् Śivo'ham (Śivaḥ aham), which is a sandhi of (शिवः + अहम्) ‘I am Shiva’. The avagraha is also used for prolonging vowel sounds in some languages, for example Hindi माँऽऽऽ! for ‘Mā̃ā̃ā̃ā̃!’ when calling to one's mother, or when transliterating foreign words in instant messaging: for example, 'cool' can be transliterated as कूऽल. [citation needed]
In the case of Hindi, the character is also sometimes used as a symbol to denote long or heavy syllables, in metrical poetry. For example, the syllables in the word छंदः chandaḥ ‘metre’ (in nominative) can be denoted as "ऽऽ", meaning two long syllables. (Cf. other notations in entry "Systems of scansion".)
Avagraha in Unicode[edit]
The avagraha symbol is encoded at several Unicode points, for various Brahmic scripts that use it.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Character | Unicode character number | Full Unicode name |
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ऽ | U+093D | Devanagari sign avagraha |
꣱ | U+A8F1 | Combining Devanagari sign avagraha |
ꣷ | U+A8F7 | Devanagari sign candrabindu avagraha |
ঽ | U+09BD | Bengali sign avagraha |
ઽ | U+0ABD | Gujarati sign avagraha |
ଽ | U+0B3D | Odia sign avagraha |
ఽ | U+0C3D | Telugu sign avagraha |
ಽ | U+0CBD | Kannada sign avagraha |
ഽ | U+0D3D | Malayalam sign avagraha |
ᮺ | U+1BBA | Sundanese sign avagraha |
𑓄 | U+114C4 | Tirhuta sign avagraha |
྅ | U+0F85 | Tibetan sign paluta |
ៜ | U+17DC | Khmer sign avakraha |
ᢅ | U+1885 | Mongolian Galik sign baluda |