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{{short description|Australian physician}}
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'''Lucy Meredith Bryce''' (June 12, 1897 – July 30, 1968) was an Australian [[hematology|hematologist]] and medical researcher, who worked with the [[Australian Red Cross Society]] to establish the first blood transfusion service in Australia.
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
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'''Lucy Meredith Bryce''' {{post-nominals|country=AUS|CBE}} (12 June 1897 – 30 July 1968) was an Australian [[hematology|haematologist]] and medical researcher, who worked with the [[Australian Red Cross Society]] to establish the first [[blood transfusion]] service in Australia.<ref>Penny Robinson, [http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0720b.htm "Australian Red Cross Blood Service"] Australian Women's Archive Project, The Australian Women's Register, created 10 February 2004.</ref>


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
Lucy Bryce was born at [[Lindfield, New South Wales]], and educated in [[Melbourne, Australia]]. She earned degrees at the [[University of Melbourne]] in 1918 and 1922.<ref>M. L. Verso, [http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bryce-lucy-meredith-5411/text9169 'Bryce, Lucy Meredith (1897–1968)'] ''Australian Dictionary of Biography'', National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published first in hardcopy 1979, accessed online 2 January 2016.</ref>
Lucy Bryce was born in [[Lindfield, New South Wales]], and educated in Melbourne, at the [[Melbourne Girls Grammar]] School. She entered Janet Clarke Hall, the women's hostel of [[Trinity College, University of Melbourne]] in 1915, earning degrees at the [[University of Melbourne]] in 1918 (B.Sc.) and 1922 (M.B., B.S.).<ref name="auto">M. L. Verso, [http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bryce-lucy-meredith-5411/text9169 'Bryce, Lucy Meredith (1897–1968)'] ''Australian Dictionary of Biography'', National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published first in hardcopy 1979, accessed online 2 January 2016.</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
Bryce started her career at the [[Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research]] after college. While still in her twenties, she spent a year working at the [[Lister Institute]] in [[London, England]]. From 1928 to 1934, she was on staff as a bacteriologist at the [[Royal Melbourne Hospital]], before launching a private practice as a pathologist. During World War II, she held the rank of major in the [[Australian Army Medical Corps]].<ref>G. J. McCarthy, [http://www.eoas.info/biogs/P000953b.htm "Lucy Meredith Bryce"] ''Encyclopedia of Australian Science'', entry created 20 October 1993.</ref> In 1948, she was called upon as an expert witness in a case involving the identification of two newborns, alleged to have been switched at birth.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dNFVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6LwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5590%2C3698701 "New Witness Testifies in Baby Case"] ''The Age'' (November 13, 1948): 3.</ref>
Bryce started her career at the [[Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research]] after college. While still in her twenties, she spent a year working at the [[Lister Institute]] in London. From 1928 to 1934, she was on staff as a bacteriologist at the [[Royal Melbourne Hospital]], before launching a private practice as a pathologist.


Beginning in 1929, Bryce was founding director of the Victoria Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service<ref>Matthew Klugman, ''Blood Matters: A Social History of the Victoria Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service'' (Australia Scholarly Publishing 2004). ISBN 1740970667</ref> deciding how donors should be screened, and how blood should be typed and stored, and supervising the establishment of a blood reserve in case of major disaster.<ref>Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research: Contributions to Society, [http://discovery.wehi.edu.au/timeline/red-cross "1939: The Institute Joins Forces with the Red Cross to Provide Wartimes Blood Transfusion Services"].</ref><ref>Mark Cortiula, [http://www.anzsbt.org.au/publications/documents/1998_Vol5_1.pdf "Going Back to the Future: The Origins of a National Blood Service in Australia"] in Ken Davis, ed., ''Topics in Transfusion Medicine'' 5(1)(1998): 20-22.</ref> She retired from active involvement in this work in 1954, but continued to hold her title as honorary chair of the transfusion committee until 1966.<ref>Ann Westmore, [http://www.jnmhugateways.unimelb.edu.au/umfm/biogs/FM00069b.htm "Lucy Meredith Bryce"] ''History of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences'', Centre for the Study of Health and Society, 8 September 2003.</ref> She was named a Commander of the [[Order of the British Empire]] in 1951 for this work.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23048393 |title=What goes on? She made her pioneering work saving lives. |newspaper=[[The_Argus_(Australia)|The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957)]] |location=Melbourne, Vic. |date=1 January 1951 |accessdate=2 January 2016 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> Bryce wrote a history of the transfusion service, ''An Abiding Gladness'' (1965), as well as many scientific articles.<ref>D. C. Cowling, [https://members.racp.edu.au/page/library/college-roll/college-roll-detail&id=289 "College Roll: Lucy Meredith Bryce"] ''Royal Australasian College of Physicians''.</ref><ref>Lucy Meredith Bryce, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ml7HtgAACAAJ ''An Abiding Gladness: The Background of Contemporary Blood Transfusion and Its Story During the Years 1929-1959 in the Victorian Division of the Australian Red Cross Society''] (Georgian House Pty. Limited 1965).</ref>
Beginning in 1929, Bryce was the founding director of the Victoria Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, which was Australia's first blood transfusion service.<ref>Matthew Klugman, ''Blood Matters: A Social History of the Victoria Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service'' (Australia Scholarly Publishing 2004). {{ISBN|1740970667}}</ref> Her work involved planning how donors should be screened, and how blood should be typed and stored, and supervising the establishment of a blood reserve in case of major disaster.<ref>Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research: Contributions to Society, [http://discovery.wehi.edu.au/timeline/red-cross "1939: The Institute Joins Forces with the Red Cross to Provide Wartimes Blood Transfusion Services"].</ref><ref>Mark Cortiula, [http://www.anzsbt.org.au/publications/documents/1998_Vol5_1.pdf "Going Back to the Future: The Origins of a National Blood Service in Australia"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160227014730/http://anzsbt.org.au/publications/documents/1998_Vol5_1.pdf|date=27 February 2016}} in Ken Davis, ed., ''Topics in Transfusion Medicine'' 5(1)(1998): 20–22.</ref>

During World War II, Bryce held the rank of major in the [[Australian Army Medical Corps]]<ref>G. J. McCarthy, [http://www.eoas.info/biogs/P000953b.htm "Lucy Meredith Bryce"] ''Encyclopedia of Australian Science'', entry created 20 October 1993.</ref> and was invited in 1944 to the US with [[Marjorie Bick]] to study developments in blood transfusion,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1944-08-15 |title=WOMEN'S NEWS |work=Daily Telegraph |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article247873682 |access-date=2022-07-23}}</ref>''' '''then again with Bick in 1945, arriving on the ''S.S.'' ''Kanangoora'' in March<ref>{{Cite news |date=1945-03-02 |title=VICTORIA |work=Guinea Gold |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article250660470 |access-date=2022-07-23}}</ref> to visit the Hooper Research Foundation in [[Los Angeles]] then to [[New Orleans]] and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]],<ref>{{Cite news |date=1945-05-04 |title=Blood Plasma Now Mass Produced In U.S.A. |work=Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article135002594 |access-date=2022-07-23}}</ref> attending a conference of the blood substitute committee of the [[National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine|National Research Council]].<ref name="Woman's World">{{Cite news |date=1945-04-30 |title=Woman's World |work=Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245340588 |access-date=2022-07-23}}</ref> Bryce then traveled to investigate clinical methods while Bick stayed on at Harvard.<ref>{{Citation |author1=Australian Red Cross Society. |title=Annual report |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-61759344 |issue=Thirty-First (1944-45) |year=1965 |location=Melbourne |publisher=The Society |issn=1035-1809 |id=nla.obj-61759344 |access-date=23 July 2022 |author2=Australian Red Cross Society. |section=v. : ill. ; 25 cm. |via=Trove}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1945-02-28 |title=Australians To Study Blood Transfusions |work=Courier-Mail |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article48949422 |access-date=2022-07-23}}</ref> She reported on the mass production methods at the [[Cutter Laboratories]] of packing and shipping plasma and whole blood to be parachuted into the Pacific war zones.<ref name="Woman's World"/> Their research coincided with a plan to expand the Blood Bank into a new floor of the Royal Melbourne Hospital.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1945-04-06 |title=Blood Bank For State |work=Age |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article206869147 |access-date=2022-07-23}}</ref>

In 1948, she was called upon as an expert witness in a case involving the identification of two newborns, alleged to have been switched at birth.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dNFVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6LwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5590%2C3698701 "New Witness Testifies in Baby Case"] ''The Age'' (13 November 1948): 3.</ref>

Bryce retired from active involvement in the Blood Bank in 1954, but continued to hold her title as honorary chair of the transfusion committee until 1966.<ref>Ann Westmore, [http://www.jnmhugateways.unimelb.edu.au/umfm/biogs/FM00069b.htm "Lucy Meredith Bryce"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091000/http://www.jnmhugateways.unimelb.edu.au/umfm/biogs/FM00069b.htm |date=4 March 2016 }} ''History of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences'', Centre for the Study of Health and Society, 8 September 2003.</ref> She was named a Commander of the [[Order of the British Empire]] in 1951 for this work.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/1065138|title=Dr Lucy Meredith Bryce|last=|first=|date=|website=It's an Honour|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23048393 |title=What goes on? She made her pioneering work saving lives. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=1 January 1951 |accessdate=2 January 2016 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> Bryce wrote a history of the transfusion service, ''An Abiding Gladness'' (1965), as well as many scientific articles.<ref>D. C. Cowling, [https://members.racp.edu.au/page/library/college-roll/college-roll-detail&id=289 "College Roll: Lucy Meredith Bryce"] ''Royal Australasian College of Physicians''.</ref><ref>Lucy Meredith Bryce, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ml7HtgAACAAJ ''An Abiding Gladness: The Background of Contemporary Blood Transfusion and Its Story During the Years 1929–1959 in the Victorian Division of the Australian Red Cross Society''] (Georgian House Pty. Limited 1965).</ref>


==Personal life and legacy==
==Personal life and legacy==
Bryce died in 1968, age 72.
Bryce died in 1968, age 72.<ref name="auto"/>

There is [[List of craters on Venus#B|a crater on Venus]] named for Bryce,<ref>Joel F. Russell, [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0235/report.pdf ''Gazetteer of Venusian Nomenclature''] (US Geological Survey, Open-File Report 94-235, May 1994): 16.</ref> and a portrait of her is on display in Lucy Bryce Hall, which houses the Central Blood Bank in Melbourne.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=O55VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GawDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6798%2C4607150 "Dr. Lucy Bryce to be Honored"] ''The Age'' (30 April 1959): 8.</ref> Bryce Place in the Canberra suburb of [[Florey, Australian Capital Territory|Florey]] is named in her honour.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/page/25600604|title=Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. Periodic (National : 1977 - 2011) - 15 May 1987 - p6|website=Trove|language=en|access-date=2020-02-15}}</ref>


In 2001 Bryce was inducted to the [[Victorian Honour Roll of Women]].
There is [[List_of_craters_on_Venus#B|a crater on Venus]] named for Bryce, and a portrait of her is on display in Lucy Bryce Hall, which houses the Central Blood Bank in Melbourne.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=O55VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GawDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6798%2C4607150 "Dr. Lucy Bryce to be Honored"] ''The Age'' (April 30, 1959): 8.</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bryce, Lucy Meredith}}
[[Category: 1897 births]]
[[Category: 1968 deaths]]
[[Category:1897 births]]
[[Category: Australian scientists]]
[[Category:1968 deaths]]
[[Category:Australian women scientists]]
[[Category:Australian haematologists]]
[[Category:University of Melbourne alumni]]
[[Category:People educated at Trinity College (University of Melbourne)]]
[[Category:Australian Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:20th-century women scientists]]
[[Category:People educated at Melbourne Girls Grammar]]

Latest revision as of 04:49, 7 March 2024

Lucy Meredith Bryce CBE (12 June 1897 – 30 July 1968) was an Australian haematologist and medical researcher, who worked with the Australian Red Cross Society to establish the first blood transfusion service in Australia.[1]

Early life and education[edit]

Lucy Bryce was born in Lindfield, New South Wales, and educated in Melbourne, at the Melbourne Girls Grammar School. She entered Janet Clarke Hall, the women's hostel of Trinity College, University of Melbourne in 1915, earning degrees at the University of Melbourne in 1918 (B.Sc.) and 1922 (M.B., B.S.).[2]

Career[edit]

Bryce started her career at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research after college. While still in her twenties, she spent a year working at the Lister Institute in London. From 1928 to 1934, she was on staff as a bacteriologist at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, before launching a private practice as a pathologist.

Beginning in 1929, Bryce was the founding director of the Victoria Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, which was Australia's first blood transfusion service.[3] Her work involved planning how donors should be screened, and how blood should be typed and stored, and supervising the establishment of a blood reserve in case of major disaster.[4][5]

During World War II, Bryce held the rank of major in the Australian Army Medical Corps[6] and was invited in 1944 to the US with Marjorie Bick to study developments in blood transfusion,[7] then again with Bick in 1945, arriving on the S.S. Kanangoora in March[8] to visit the Hooper Research Foundation in Los Angeles then to New Orleans and Washington,[9] attending a conference of the blood substitute committee of the National Research Council.[10] Bryce then traveled to investigate clinical methods while Bick stayed on at Harvard.[11][12] She reported on the mass production methods at the Cutter Laboratories of packing and shipping plasma and whole blood to be parachuted into the Pacific war zones.[10] Their research coincided with a plan to expand the Blood Bank into a new floor of the Royal Melbourne Hospital.[13]

In 1948, she was called upon as an expert witness in a case involving the identification of two newborns, alleged to have been switched at birth.[14]

Bryce retired from active involvement in the Blood Bank in 1954, but continued to hold her title as honorary chair of the transfusion committee until 1966.[15] She was named a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1951 for this work.[16][17] Bryce wrote a history of the transfusion service, An Abiding Gladness (1965), as well as many scientific articles.[18][19]

Personal life and legacy[edit]

Bryce died in 1968, age 72.[2]

There is a crater on Venus named for Bryce,[20] and a portrait of her is on display in Lucy Bryce Hall, which houses the Central Blood Bank in Melbourne.[21] Bryce Place in the Canberra suburb of Florey is named in her honour.[22]

In 2001 Bryce was inducted to the Victorian Honour Roll of Women.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Penny Robinson, "Australian Red Cross Blood Service" Australian Women's Archive Project, The Australian Women's Register, created 10 February 2004.
  2. ^ a b M. L. Verso, 'Bryce, Lucy Meredith (1897–1968)' Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published first in hardcopy 1979, accessed online 2 January 2016.
  3. ^ Matthew Klugman, Blood Matters: A Social History of the Victoria Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service (Australia Scholarly Publishing 2004). ISBN 1740970667
  4. ^ Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research: Contributions to Society, "1939: The Institute Joins Forces with the Red Cross to Provide Wartimes Blood Transfusion Services".
  5. ^ Mark Cortiula, "Going Back to the Future: The Origins of a National Blood Service in Australia" Archived 27 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine in Ken Davis, ed., Topics in Transfusion Medicine 5(1)(1998): 20–22.
  6. ^ G. J. McCarthy, "Lucy Meredith Bryce" Encyclopedia of Australian Science, entry created 20 October 1993.
  7. ^ "WOMEN'S NEWS". Daily Telegraph. 15 August 1944. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  8. ^ "VICTORIA". Guinea Gold. 2 March 1945. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  9. ^ "Blood Plasma Now Mass Produced In U.S.A." Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate. 4 May 1945. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  10. ^ a b "Woman's World". Herald. 30 April 1945. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  11. ^ Australian Red Cross Society.; Australian Red Cross Society. (1965), "v. : ill. ; 25 cm.", Annual report, Melbourne: The Society, ISSN 1035-1809, nla.obj-61759344, retrieved 23 July 2022 – via Trove
  12. ^ "Australians To Study Blood Transfusions". Courier-Mail. 28 February 1945. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  13. ^ "Blood Bank For State". Age. 6 April 1945. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  14. ^ "New Witness Testifies in Baby Case" The Age (13 November 1948): 3.
  15. ^ Ann Westmore, "Lucy Meredith Bryce" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine History of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, Centre for the Study of Health and Society, 8 September 2003.
  16. ^ "Dr Lucy Meredith Bryce". It's an Honour. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
  17. ^ "What goes on? She made her pioneering work saving lives". The Argus. Melbourne. 1 January 1951. p. 4. Retrieved 2 January 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  18. ^ D. C. Cowling, "College Roll: Lucy Meredith Bryce" Royal Australasian College of Physicians.
  19. ^ Lucy Meredith Bryce, An Abiding Gladness: The Background of Contemporary Blood Transfusion and Its Story During the Years 1929–1959 in the Victorian Division of the Australian Red Cross Society (Georgian House Pty. Limited 1965).
  20. ^ Joel F. Russell, Gazetteer of Venusian Nomenclature (US Geological Survey, Open-File Report 94-235, May 1994): 16.
  21. ^ "Dr. Lucy Bryce to be Honored" The Age (30 April 1959): 8.
  22. ^ "Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. Periodic (National : 1977 - 2011) - 15 May 1987 - p6". Trove. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
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