HMS Archer (1885): Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Cruiser of the Royal Navy}} |
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{{other ships|HMS Archer}} |
{{other ships|HMS Archer}} |
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{{Use British English|date=February 2018}} |
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|Ship country=United Kingdom |
|Ship country=United Kingdom |
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|Ship flag={{shipboxflag| |
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}} |
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|Ship name=HMS ''Archer'' |
|Ship name=HMS ''Archer'' |
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|Ship fate= |
|Ship fate=Sold in April 1905 for scrapping |
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|Ship class={{sclass |
|Ship class={{sclass|Archer|torpedo cruiser}} |
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|Ship displacement=1770 tons |
|Ship displacement=1770 tons |
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|Ship beam={{convert|36|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
|Ship beam={{convert|36|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship draught={{convert|13.5|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
|Ship draught={{convert|13.5|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
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'''HMS ''Archer''''' was an {{sclass |
'''HMS ''Archer''''' was an {{sclass|Archer|torpedo cruiser|0}} [[torpedo cruiser]] of the British [[Royal Navy]] which was built by the [[Glasgow]] shipbuilder [[J & G Thomson]] between 1885 and 1888. She served on overseas stations, including operations off Africa, China and Australia. She was sold for scrap in 1905. |
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==Construction== |
==Construction== |
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''Archer'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] at [[J & G Thomson]]'s [[Clydebank]] shipyard on 2 March 1885 as the lead ship of [[Archer-class torpedo cruiser|her class]] of [[torpedo cruiser]]s, was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 23 December that year and completed |
''Archer'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] at [[J & G Thomson]]'s [[Clydebank]] shipyard on 2 March 1885 as the lead ship of [[Archer-class torpedo cruiser|her class]] of [[torpedo cruiser]]s, was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 23 December that year and completed by Commander John Ferris on 11 December 1888 in Devonport.<ref name="conways60 p81">Chesneau and Kolesnik p. 81.</ref> |
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Torpedo cruisers were small, relatively fast, ships intended to defend the fleet against attacks by hostile [[torpedo boat]]s, while themselves being capable of attacking hostile fleets with torpedoes. The ''Archer'' class were enlarged derivatives of the earlier {{sclass |
Torpedo cruisers were small, relatively fast, ships intended to defend the fleet against attacks by hostile [[torpedo boat]]s, while themselves being capable of attacking hostile fleets with torpedoes. The ''Archer'' class were enlarged derivatives of the earlier {{sclass|Scout|torpedo cruiser|0}}, and carried a heavier armament than the previous class.<ref name="conways60 p80-1">Chesneau and Kolesnik pp. 80–81.</ref> |
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''Archer'' was {{convert|240|ft|m|2|adj=on}} [[ |
''Archer'' was {{convert|240|ft|m|2|adj=on}} [[length overall|long overall]] and {{convert|225|ft|m|2|adj=on}} [[length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]], with a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|36|ft|m|2|adj=on}} and a [[Draft (ship)|draught]] of {{convert|14|ft|6|in|m|adj=on}}. [[Displacement (ship)|Displacement]] was {{convert|1770|LT|t}} normal and {{convert|1950|LT|t}} full load.<ref name="conways60 p81"/> The ship's machinery consisted of two horizontal [[Marine steam engine#Compound|compound steam engine]]s rated at {{convert|2500|ihp|kW}} under natural draught and {{convert|3500|ihp|kW}}, which were fed by four boilers and drove two shafts for a speed of {{convert|16.5|kn}}.<ref name="conways60 p81"/> 475 tons of coal were carried, sufficient to give a range of {{convert|7000|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn|mph km/h}}, and three masts were fitted.<ref name="conways60 p81"/><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Launch of the Twin Screw Torpedo Steamer "Archer"|magazine=The Marine Engineer|date=January 1886|volume=7|pages=264–265}}</ref> |
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[[File:Archer class cruiser diagrams Brasseys 1888.jpg|thumb|Plans of ''Archer''-class torpedo cruiser]] |
[[File:Archer class cruiser diagrams Brasseys 1888.jpg|thumb|Plans of ''Archer''-class torpedo cruiser]] |
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Armament consisted of six [[BL 6 inch gun Mk II – VI|6-inch (5 ton) guns]], backed up by eight [[QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss|3-pounder QF guns]] and two machine guns. Three 14-inch [[torpedo tube]]s completed the ship's armament. Armour consisted of a {{convert|3/8|in|mm|0}} deck, with {{convert|1|in|mm|0}} gunshields and {{convert|3|in|mm|0}} protecting the ship's [[conning tower]]. The ship had a complement of 176 officers and ratings.<ref name="conways60 p81"/> |
Armament consisted of six [[BL 6 inch gun Mk II – VI|6-inch (5 ton) guns]], backed up by eight [[QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss|3-pounder QF guns]] and two machine guns. Three 14-inch [[torpedo tube]]s completed the ship's armament. Armour consisted of a {{convert|3/8|in|mm|0}} deck, with {{convert|1|in|mm|0}} gunshields and {{convert|3|in|mm|0}} protecting the ship's [[conning tower]]. The ship had a complement of 176 officers and ratings.<ref name="conways60 p81"/> |
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==Service== |
==Service== |
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''Archer'' served on the [[Cape of Good Hope Station|Cape of Good Hope and West Coast of Africa Station]] from 1889 to 1890.<ref name="nmm">{{cite web|url=http://www.rmg.co.uk/upload/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_v.pdf|title=NMM, vessel ID 380068|work=Warship Histories, vol v|publisher=[[National Maritime Museum]]|accessdate=4 October 2015| |
''Archer'' served on the [[Cape of Good Hope Station|Cape of Good Hope and West Coast of Africa Station]] from 1889 to 1890.<ref name="nmm">{{cite web|url=http://www.rmg.co.uk/upload/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_v.pdf|title=NMM, vessel ID 380068|work=Warship Histories, vol v|publisher=[[National Maritime Museum]]|accessdate=4 October 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030115558/http://www.rmg.co.uk/upload/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_v.pdf|archivedate=30 October 2013}}</ref> ''Archer'' was serving on the [[China Station]] in July 1894, when on the eve of the [[First Sino-Japanese War]], Japanese Forces surrounded [[Seoul]]. ''Archer'' landed an armed party to protect the British Consul-General after a confrontation between him and Japanese troops.<ref name="clowesv6 p430-1">Clowes pp. 430–431.</ref> She served on the Australia Station from 7 September 1900 until 5 December 1903, under Commander John Philip Rolleston.<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=Naval & military intelligence |date=19 November 1902 |page=10 |issue=36929}}</ref> She was decommissioned in 1905 and sold in April 1905 for £4,800 to Forrester, Swansea for scrap.<ref>Bastock p.122</ref> |
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== Citations == |
== Citations == |
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*Bastock, John (1988), ''Ships on the Australia Station'', Child & Associates Publishing Pty Ltd; Frenchs Forest, Australia. {{ISBN|0-86777-348-0}} |
*Bastock, John (1988), ''Ships on the Australia Station'', Child & Associates Publishing Pty Ltd; Frenchs Forest, Australia. {{ISBN|0-86777-348-0}} |
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*{{cite book|editor-last1=Chesneau|editor-first1=Roger|editor-last2=Kolesnik|editor-first2=Eugene M|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|year=1979|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-133-5}} |
*{{cite book|editor-last1=Chesneau|editor-first1=Roger|editor-last2=Kolesnik|editor-first2=Eugene M|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|year=1979|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-133-5}} |
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*{{cite book|last=Clowes|first=William Laird| |
*{{cite book|last=Clowes|first=William Laird|author-link=William Laird Clowes|title=The Royal Navy: A History From the Earliest Times to the Death of Queen Victoria: Volume VII|date=1903|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston and Company|url=https://archive.org/details/royalnavy07clow}} |
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{{Archer class torpedo cruiser}} |
{{Archer class torpedo cruiser}} |
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Latest revision as of 20:44, 24 March 2024
 HMS Archer c.1888
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS Archer |
| Builder | J & G Thomson, Glasgow |
| Yard number | 226 |
| Launched | 23 December 1885 |
| Fate | Sold in April 1905 for scrapping |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Archer-class torpedo cruiser |
| Displacement | 1770 tons |
| Length | 240 ft (73 m) |
| Beam | 36 ft (11 m) |
| Draught | 13.5 ft (4.1 m) |
| Installed power | 2500 ihp (increased to 4,500 with forced draught) |
| Propulsion |
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| Speed | 17.5 kn (32.4 km/h) |
| Range | 7,000 nmi (13,000 km) at 10 kn (19 km/h) |
| Complement | 176 men |
| Armament |
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| Armour |
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HMS Archer was an Archer-class torpedo cruiser of the British Royal Navy which was built by the Glasgow shipbuilder J & G Thomson between 1885 and 1888. She served on overseas stations, including operations off Africa, China and Australia. She was sold for scrap in 1905.
Construction[edit]
Archer was laid down at J & G Thomson's Clydebank shipyard on 2 March 1885 as the lead ship of her class of torpedo cruisers, was launched on 23 December that year and completed by Commander John Ferris on 11 December 1888 in Devonport.[1]
Torpedo cruisers were small, relatively fast, ships intended to defend the fleet against attacks by hostile torpedo boats, while themselves being capable of attacking hostile fleets with torpedoes. The Archer class were enlarged derivatives of the earlier Scout-class, and carried a heavier armament than the previous class.[2]
Archer was 240-foot (73.15 m) long overall and 225-foot (68.58 m) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 36-foot (10.97 m) and a draught of 14-foot-6-inch (4.42 m). Displacement was 1,770 long tons (1,800 t) normal and 1,950 long tons (1,980 t) full load.[1] The ship's machinery consisted of two horizontal compound steam engines rated at 2,500 indicated horsepower (1,900 kW) under natural draught and 3,500 indicated horsepower (2,600 kW), which were fed by four boilers and drove two shafts for a speed of 16.5 knots (30.6 km/h; 19.0 mph).[1] 475 tons of coal were carried, sufficient to give a range of 7,000 nautical miles (13,000 km; 8,100 mi) at 10 knots (12 mph; 19 km/h), and three masts were fitted.[1][3]
Armament consisted of six 6-inch (5 ton) guns, backed up by eight 3-pounder QF guns and two machine guns. Three 14-inch torpedo tubes completed the ship's armament. Armour consisted of a 3⁄8 inch (10 mm) deck, with 1 inch (25 mm) gunshields and 3 inches (76 mm) protecting the ship's conning tower. The ship had a complement of 176 officers and ratings.[1]
Service[edit]
Archer served on the Cape of Good Hope and West Coast of Africa Station from 1889 to 1890.[4] Archer was serving on the China Station in July 1894, when on the eve of the First Sino-Japanese War, Japanese Forces surrounded Seoul. Archer landed an armed party to protect the British Consul-General after a confrontation between him and Japanese troops.[5] She served on the Australia Station from 7 September 1900 until 5 December 1903, under Commander John Philip Rolleston.[6] She was decommissioned in 1905 and sold in April 1905 for £4,800 to Forrester, Swansea for scrap.[7]
Citations[edit]
- ^ a b c d e Chesneau and Kolesnik p. 81.
- ^ Chesneau and Kolesnik pp. 80–81.
- ^ "Launch of the Twin Screw Torpedo Steamer "Archer"". The Marine Engineer. Vol. 7. January 1886. pp. 264–265.
- ^ "NMM, vessel ID 380068" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol v. National Maritime Museum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
- ^ Clowes pp. 430–431.
- ^ "Naval & military intelligence". The Times. No. 36929. London. 19 November 1902. p. 10.
- ^ Bastock p.122
References[edit]
- Bastock, John (1988), Ships on the Australia Station, Child & Associates Publishing Pty Ltd; Frenchs Forest, Australia. ISBN 0-86777-348-0
- Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M, eds. (1979). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-133-5.
- Clowes, William Laird (1903). The Royal Navy: A History From the Earliest Times to the Death of Queen Victoria: Volume VII. Sampson Low, Marston and Company.