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==Description==
==Description==
''Senticolis triaspis'' may grow to a total length (including tail) of {{convert|160|cm|in|abbr=on}}. [[Dorsum (anatomy)|Dorsally]], it is green or olive green, and ventrally it is light yellow.<ref name=Bren/> The head is elongated, the body is slender, and the smooth [[dorsal scales]] are arranged in 31-39 rows.<ref>Wright & Wright 1957.</ref>
''Senticolis triaspis'' may grow to a total length (including tail) of {{convert|160|cm|in|abbr=on}}. [[Dorsum (anatomy)|Dorsally]], it is green or olive green, and ventrally it is light yellow.<ref name=Bren/> The head is elongated, the body is slender, and the smooth [[dorsal scales]] are arranged in 31–39 rows.<ref>Wright & Wright 1957.</ref>


==Habitat==
==Habitat==
''Senticolis triaspis'' usually inhabits evergreen forests and grassland.<ref name=Bren/>
''Senticolis triaspis'' usually inhabits evergreen forests and grassland.<ref name=Bren/>


==Geographic range==
==Geographic range==
''Senticolis triaspis'' is well distributed in the [[Baboquivari Peak Wilderness|Baboquivari]], [[Pajarito Mountains, Arizona|Pajarito]], [[Atascosa Mountains|Atascosa]], [[Santa Rita Mountains|Santa Rita]], Empire, [[Patagonia Mountains|Patagonia]], [[Chiricahua Mountains|Chiricahua]], [[Swisshelm Mountains|Swisshelm]], Pedregosa, and [[Peloncillo Mountains (Cochise County)|Peloncillo]] mountains of southeastern [[Arizona]].<ref name=Bren/>
''Senticolis triaspis'' is well distributed in the [[Baboquivari Peak Wilderness|Baboquivari]], [[Pajarito Mountains, Arizona|Pajarito]], [[Atascosa Mountains|Atascosa]], [[Santa Rita Mountains|Santa Rita]], Empire, [[Patagonia Mountains|Patagonia]], [[Chiricahua Mountains|Chiricahua]], [[Swisshelm Mountains|Swisshelm]], Pedregosa, and [[Peloncillo Mountains (Cochise County)|Peloncillo]] mountains of southeastern [[Arizona]].<ref name=Bren/>


==Diet==
==Diet==
''Senticolis triaspis'' consumes small animals such as [[lizard]]s, [[bird]]s, and [[bat]]s, killing them by deadly [[constriction]].<ref name=Bren/>
''Senticolis triaspis'' consumes small animals such as [[lizard]]s, [[bird]]s, and [[bat]]s, killing them by deadly [[constriction]].<ref name=Bren/>


==Behavior==
==Behavior==
''Senticolis triaspis'' is primarily [[Diurnality|diurnal]].<ref name=Bren/>
''Senticolis triaspis'' is primarily [[Diurnality|diurnal]].<ref name=Bren/>


==Reproduction==
==Reproduction==
During reproduction, an adult female of ''S. triaspis'' is able to lay up to 9 [[egg]]s in a clutch.<ref name=Bren>Brennan, Thomas C. (2008). [http://www.reptilesofaz.org/Snakes-Subpages/h-s-triaspis.html Green Ratsnake (''Senticolis triaspis'')] - Reptiles of Arizona. The Reptiles and Amphibians of Arizona. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</ref>
An adult female of ''S.&nbsp;triaspis'' is able to lay up to nine [[egg]]s in a clutch.<ref name=Bren>Brennan, Thomas C. (2008). [http://www.reptilesofaz.org/Snakes-Subpages/h-s-triaspis.html Green Ratsnake (''Senticolis triaspis'')] - Reptiles of Arizona. The Reptiles and Amphibians of Arizona. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</ref>


==Subspecies==
==Subspecies==
Three [[subspecies]] are recognized as being valid, including the [[nominotypical subspecies]].<ref name=RDB>"''Senticolis triaspis'' ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.</ref>
Three [[subspecies]] are recognized as being valid, including the [[nominotypical subspecies]].<ref name=RDB>"''Senticolis triaspis'' ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.</ref>
*''[[Senticolis triaspis intermedia]]'' {{small|([[Oskar Boettger|Boettger]], 1883)}} – Arizona, New Mexico, northern Mexico
*''Senticolis triaspis intermedia'' {{small|([[Oskar Boettger|Boettger]], 1883)}} – Arizona, New Mexico, northern Mexico
*''[[Senticolis triaspis mutabilis]]'' {{small|([[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope]], 1885)}} – Central America
*''Senticolis triaspis mutabilis'' {{small|([[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope]], 1885)}} – Central America
*''[[Senticolis triaspis triaspis]]'' {{small|(Cope, 1866)}} – southern Mexico
*''Senticolis triaspis triaspis'' {{small|(Cope, 1866)}} – southern Mexico


''[[Nota bene]]'': A [[Trinomen|trinomial authority]] in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than ''Senticolis''.
''[[Nota bene]]'': A [[Trinomen|trinomial authority]] in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than ''Senticolis''.
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

⚫
==Further reading==
⚫
*[[John L. Behler|Behler, John L.]]; F. Wayne King (1979). ''The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians''. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp., 657 plates. {{ISBN|0-394-50824-6}}. (''Elaphe triaspis'', p.&nbsp;608 + Plate 479).
⚫
*[[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope ED]] (1866). "Fourth Contribution to the HERPETOLOGY of Tropical America". ''Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia'' '''18''': 123–132. (''Coluber triaspis'', new species, p.&nbsp;128).
⚫
*Dowling, Herndon G.; Isabelle Fries (1987). "A Taxonomic Study of the Ratsnakes. VIII. A Proposed New Genus for ''Elaphe Triaspis'' (Cope)". ''Herpetologica'' '''43''' (2): 200–207. (''Senticolis'', new genus).
⚫
*[[Karl Patterson Schmidt|Schmidt, Karl P.]]; D. Dwight Davis (1941). ''Field Book of Snakes of the United States and Canada''. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 365 pp., 34 plates, 103 figures. (''Elaphe chlorosoma'', p.&nbsp;146).
⚫
*[[Hobart Muir Smith|Smith, Hobart M.]]; Edmund D. Brodie, Jr. (1982). ''Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification''. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. {{ISBN|0-307-13666-3}} (paperback), {{ISBN|0-307-47009-1}} (hardcover). (''Elaphe triaspis'', pp.&nbsp;184–185).
⚫
*[[Robert C. Stebbins|Stebbins RC]] (2003). ''A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition''. The Peterson Field Guide Series ®. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. xiii + 533 pp.&nbsp;56 plates. {{ISBN|978-0-395-98272-3}}. (''Senticolis triaspis'', pp.&nbsp;359–360 + Plate 45 + Map 149).
⚫
*[[Leonhard Stejneger|Stejneger L]], [[Thomas Barbour|T Barbour]] (1917). ''A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 125 pp. (''Elaphe chlorosoma'', p.&nbsp;82).
⚫
*[[Albert Hazen Wright|Wright, Albert Hazen]]; Anna Allen Wright (1957). ''Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates, a division of Cornell University Press. 1,105 pp. (in two volumes). (''Elaphe triaspis'', pp.&nbsp;258–262, Figure 80 + Map 23 on p.&nbsp;223).


==External links==
==External links==
*{{ITIS|id=209458|taxon=''Senticolis triaspis ''}}
*{{ITIS|id=209458|taxon=''Senticolis triaspis ''}}
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Wikispecies}}

⚫
==Further reading==
⚫
*[[John L. Behler|Behler, John L.]]; F. Wayne King (1979). ''The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians''. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp., 657 plates. {{ISBN|0-394-50824-6}}. (''Elaphe triaspis'', p. 608 + Plate 479).
⚫
*[[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope ED]] (1866). "Fourth Contribution to the HERPETOLOGY of Tropical America". ''Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia'' '''18''': 123–132. (''Coluber triaspis'', new species, p. 128).
⚫
*Dowling, Herndon G.; Isabelle Fries (1987). "A Taxonomic Study of the Ratsnakes. VIII. A Proposed New Genus for ''Elaphe Triaspis'' (Cope)". ''Herpetologica'' '''43''' (2): 200–207. (''Senticolis'', new genus).
⚫
*[[Karl Patterson Schmidt|Schmidt, Karl P.]]; D. Dwight Davis (1941). ''Field Book of Snakes of the United States and Canada''. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 365 pp., 34 plates, 103 figures. (''Elaphe chlorosoma'', p. 146).
⚫
*[[Hobart Muir Smith|Smith, Hobart M.]]; Edmund D. Brodie, Jr. (1982). ''Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification''. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. {{ISBN|0-307-13666-3}} (paperback), {{ISBN|0-307-47009-1}} (hardcover). (''Elaphe triaspis'', pp. 184–185).
⚫
*[[Robert C. Stebbins|Stebbins RC]] (2003). ''A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition''. The Peterson Field Guide Series ®. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. xiii + 533 pp. 56 plates. {{ISBN|978-0-395-98272-3}}. (''Senticolis triaspis'', pp. 359-360 + Plate 45 + Map 149).
⚫
*[[Leonhard Stejneger|Stejneger L]], [[Thomas Barbour|T Barbour]] (1917). ''A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 125 pp. (''Elaphe chlorosoma'', p. 82).
⚫
*[[Albert Hazen Wright|Wright, Albert Hazen]]; Anna Allen Wright (1957). ''Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates, a division of Cornell University Press. 1,105 pp. (in two volumes). (''Elaphe triaspis'', pp. 258–262, Figure 80 + Map 23 on p. 223).


{{Taxonbar|from=Q1870466}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1870466}}


[[Category:Colubrinae]]
[[Category:Rat snakes]]
[[Category:Rat snakes]]
[[Category:Monotypic snake genera]]
[[Category:Monotypic snake genera]]


{{Colubrids-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:11, 25 March 2024

Senticolis
Northern green ratsnake (Senticolis triaspis intermedia) from Sonora, México
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Colubridae
Genus: Senticolis
Dowling & Fries, 1987
Species:
S. triaspis
Binomial name
Senticolis triaspis
(Cope, 1866)
Subspecies

Three, see text.

Synonyms[2]
  • Coluber triaspis
    Cope, 1866
  • Coluber chlorosoma
    Günther, 1894
  • Elaphe chlorosoma
    — Stejneger & Barbour, 1917
  • Elaphe triaspis
    — Amaral, 1929
  • Senticolis triaspis
    — Dowling & Fries, 1987

Senticolis is a genus of nonvenomous snake in the family Colubridae. The genus Senticolis is monotypic, containing the sole species Senticolis triaspis, also known as the green rat snake. The species is endemic to Central America, Mexico, southern Arizona, and southern New Mexico.

Description[edit]

Senticolis triaspis may grow to a total length (including tail) of 160 cm (63 in). Dorsally, it is green or olive green, and ventrally it is light yellow.[3] The head is elongated, the body is slender, and the smooth dorsal scales are arranged in 31–39 rows.[4]

Habitat[edit]

Senticolis triaspis usually inhabits evergreen forests and grassland.[3]

Geographic range[edit]

Senticolis triaspis is well distributed in the Baboquivari, Pajarito, Atascosa, Santa Rita, Empire, Patagonia, Chiricahua, Swisshelm, Pedregosa, and Peloncillo mountains of southeastern Arizona.[3]

Diet[edit]

Senticolis triaspis consumes small animals such as lizards, birds, and bats, killing them by deadly constriction.[3]

Behavior[edit]

Senticolis triaspis is primarily diurnal.[3]

Reproduction[edit]

An adult female of S. triaspis is able to lay up to nine eggs in a clutch.[3]

Subspecies[edit]

Three subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.[2]

  • Senticolis triaspis intermedia (Boettger, 1883) – Arizona, New Mexico, northern Mexico
  • Senticolis triaspis mutabilis (Cope, 1885) – Central America
  • Senticolis triaspis triaspis (Cope, 1866) – southern Mexico

Nota bene: A trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Senticolis.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Hammerson, G.A.; Mendoza-Quijano, F.; Lee, J.; Vazquez Díaz, J.; Quintero Díaz, G.E. (2015). "Senticolis triaspis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T190631A79915739. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015.RLTS.T190631A79915739.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Senticolis triaspis ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Brennan, Thomas C. (2008). Green Ratsnake (Senticolis triaspis) - Reptiles of Arizona. The Reptiles and Amphibians of Arizona. Retrieved December 18, 2010.
  4. ^ Wright & Wright 1957.

Further reading[edit]

  • Behler, John L.; F. Wayne King (1979). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp., 657 plates. ISBN 0-394-50824-6. (Elaphe triaspis, p. 608 + Plate 479).
  • Cope ED (1866). "Fourth Contribution to the HERPETOLOGY of Tropical America". Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 18: 123–132. (Coluber triaspis, new species, p. 128).
  • Dowling, Herndon G.; Isabelle Fries (1987). "A Taxonomic Study of the Ratsnakes. VIII. A Proposed New Genus for Elaphe Triaspis (Cope)". Herpetologica 43 (2): 200–207. (Senticolis, new genus).
  • Schmidt, Karl P.; D. Dwight Davis (1941). Field Book of Snakes of the United States and Canada. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 365 pp., 34 plates, 103 figures. (Elaphe chlorosoma, p. 146).
  • Smith, Hobart M.; Edmund D. Brodie, Jr. (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN 0-307-13666-3 (paperback), ISBN 0-307-47009-1 (hardcover). (Elaphe triaspis, pp. 184–185).
  • Stebbins RC (2003). A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition. The Peterson Field Guide Series ®. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. xiii + 533 pp. 56 plates. ISBN 978-0-395-98272-3. (Senticolis triaspis, pp. 359–360 + Plate 45 + Map 149).
  • Stejneger L, T Barbour (1917). A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 125 pp. (Elaphe chlorosoma, p. 82).
  • Wright, Albert Hazen; Anna Allen Wright (1957). Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates, a division of Cornell University Press. 1,105 pp. (in two volumes). (Elaphe triaspis, pp. 258–262, Figure 80 + Map 23 on p. 223).

External links[edit]

Wikispecies has information related to Senticolis.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Senticolis&oldid=1215532884"