Edwin Brown: Difference between revisions

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m Undid revision 1216323485 by 49.191.179.128 (talk): rv erroneous use of sarcasm (vs. irony); +wl Neil Rees (legal scholar).
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|birth_place = ?, Australia
|birth_place = ?, Australia
|death_date = 1972 (age 74)
|death_date = 1972 (age 74)
|death_place = Toowoomba, Australia
|death_place = [[Toowoomba]], Australia
|retired =
|retired =
|height =
|height =
|weight =
|weight =
|position = {{Rlp|CE}}
|position = {{Rugby league positions|CE}}
|club1 = Newtown (Toowoomba)
|club1 = Newtown (Toowoomba)
|year1start = 191?
|year1start = 191?
Line 63: Line 63:
|page= 128
|page= 128
|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=S3VbeAbhxGEC
|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=S3VbeAbhxGEC
|accessdate= 20 February 2011}}</ref> he played club rugby in [[Toowoomba]] for Newtown.<ref>{{cite book
|access-date= 20 February 2011}}</ref> he played club rugby in [[Toowoomba]] for Newtown.<ref>{{cite web
|title = Queensland Representative Players
|title = Queensland Representative Players – Brown, Edwin ('Nigger')
|last = qrl.com.au
|year = 2010
|year = 2010
|publisher = [[Queensland Rugby League]]
|publisher = [[Queensland Rugby League]]
|location = Australia
|url = http://www.qrl.com.au/default.aspx?s=history-players#B
|url = http://www.qrl.com.au/default.aspx?s=history-players#B
|accessdate = 20 February 2011
|access-date = 20 February 2011
|url-status = dead
|url-status = dead
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20111201055656/http://www.qrl.com.au/default.aspx?s=history-players#B
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111201055656/http://www.qrl.com.au/default.aspx?s=history-players#B
|archivedate = 1 December 2011
|archive-date= 1 December 2011
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|title = Player Register
|title = Player Register
|last = australianrugbyleague.com.au
|year = 2009
|year = 2009
|publisher = [[Australian Rugby League]]
|publisher = [[Australian Rugby League]]
|location = Australia
|url = http://www.australianrugbyleague.com.au/kangaroos/register.php
|url = http://www.australianrugbyleague.com.au/kangaroos/register.php
|accessdate = 20 February 2011
|access-date = 20 February 2011
|url-status = dead
|url-status = dead
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927000601/http://www.australianrugbyleague.com.au/kangaroos/register.php
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927000601/http://www.australianrugbyleague.com.au/kangaroos/register.php
|archivedate = 27 September 2011
|archive-date= 27 September 2011
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Brown, an Anglo-Australian who was sarcastically nicknamed "Nigger" because of his fair complexion (or perhaps because of his use of the "Nigger Brown" variety of [[Kiwi (shoe polish)|Kiwi]] shoe polish),<ref>{{Cite news
Brown, an Anglo-Australian who was nicknamed "Nigger" because of his fair complexion (or perhaps because of his use of the "Nigger Brown" variety of [[Kiwi (shoe polish)|Kiwi]] shoe polish),<ref>{{Cite news
| agency = [[Australian Associated Press|AAP]]
| last = AAP
| first =
| title = Judge rejects bid on 'nigger' sign
| title = Judge rejects bid on 'nigger' sign
| work = [[The Age]]
| newspaper = [[The Age]]
| place = Australia
| place = Melbourne
| publisher = Fairfax
| publisher = Fairfax
| date = 20 March 2002
| date = 20 March 2002
| url = http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/03/19/1016519809826.html
| url = https://www.theage.com.au/national/judge-rejects-bid-on-nigger-sign-20020320-gdu2a7.html
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref> became Toowoomba's first rugby league international<ref>{{Cite news
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref> became Toowoomba's first rugby league international<ref>{{Cite news
| last = Chilcott
| last = Chilcott
| first = Tanya
| first = Tanya
| title = Toowoomba to drop 'Nigger' name from sports ground
| title = Toowoomba to drop 'Nigger' name from sports ground
| work = [[The Courier-Mail]]
| newspaper = [[The Courier-Mail]]
| place = Australia
| place = Brisbane
| publisher = Queensland Newspapers
| publisher = Queensland Newspapers
| date = 26 September 2008
| date = 26 September 2008
| url = http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/n-word-banned-from-ground/story-e6freoof-1111117585280
| url = http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/n-word-banned-from-ground/story-e6freoof-1111117585280
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref> when he was selected to go on the [[1921–22 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain]], during which he played four matches.
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref> when he was selected to go on the [[1921–22 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain]], during which he played four matches.


Brown forged a world-class centre combination with [[Tom Gorman (rugby league)|Tom Gorman]] in the famous Toowoomba sides of the 1920s,<ref>{{Cite news
Brown forged a world-class centre combination with [[Tom Gorman (rugby league)|Tom Gorman]] in the famous Toowoomba sides of the 1920s,<ref>{{Cite news
Line 111: Line 106:
| first = Bernie
| first = Bernie
| title = League Centenary painting shows Queensland's dream team
| title = League Centenary painting shows Queensland's dream team
| work = [[The Courier-Mail]]
| newspaper = [[The Courier-Mail]]
| place = Australia
| place = Brisbane
| publisher = Queensland Newspapers
| publisher = Queensland Newspapers
| date = 14 June 2008
| date = 14 June 2008
| url = http://www.couriermail.com.au/sport/nrl/art-captures-qrl-legends/story-e6frep5x-1111116627082
| url = http://www.couriermail.com.au/sport/nrl/art-captures-qrl-legends/story-e6frep5x-1111116627082
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref> and in 1925 injured his ankle playing in their win over the [[New Zealand national rugby league team|New Zealand national side]] before a crowd of around 5,000 in Toowoomba.<ref>{{Cite news
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref> and in 1925 injured his ankle playing in their win over the [[New Zealand national rugby league team|New Zealand national side]] before a crowd of around 5,000 in Toowoomba.<ref>{{Cite news
| last =
| last =
| first =
| first =
| title = Football
| title = Football
| work = [[The Sydney Morning Herald]]
| newspaper = [[The Sydney Morning Herald]]
| place = Australia
| place = Sydney
| page = 12
| page = 12
| date = 13 August 1925
| date = 13 August 1925
| url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Y48TAAAAIBAJ&pg=2702,86247
| url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Y48TAAAAIBAJ&pg=2702,86247
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref>
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref>


Brown later served as a judge for ''[[Sunday Herald (Australia)|Sunday Herald]]'''s player of the season award.<ref>{{Cite news
Brown later served as a judge for ''[[Sunday Herald (Australia)|Sunday Herald]]'''s player of the season award.<ref>{{Cite news
Line 131: Line 126:
| first =
| first =
| title = Three Players in Competition Lead
| title = Three Players in Competition Lead
| work = [[The Sydney Morning Herald]]
| newspaper = [[The Sydney Morning Herald]]
| place = Australia
| place = Sydney
| page = 1
| page = 1
| publisher =
| publisher =
| date = 3 July 1950
| date = 3 July 1950
| url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=naAQAAAAIBAJ&pg=3369,558937
| url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=naAQAAAAIBAJ&pg=3369,558937
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref> He was also president of the [[Toowoomba Rugby League]] during the early 1950s<ref>{{cite book
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref> He was also president of the [[Toowoomba Rugby League]] during the early 1950s<ref>{{cite book
|title= Australian Anti-Discrimination Law: Text, Cases and Materials
|title= Australian Anti-Discrimination Law: Text, Cases and Materials
|last= Neil Rees, Katherine Lindsay and Simon Rice
|author1=Neil Rees|author1-link=Neil Rees (legal scholar)|author2=Katherine Lindsay|author3=Simon Rice
|author-link=
|year= 2008
|year= 2008
|publisher= The Federation Press
|publisher= The Federation Press
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|page= 550
|page= 550
|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=M9HsZjfW958C
|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=M9HsZjfW958C
|accessdate= 20 February 2011}}</ref> and became a local councillor in Toowoomba.<ref>{{Cite news
|access-date= 20 February 2011}}</ref> and became a local councillor in Toowoomba.<ref>{{Cite news
| last = Andrew Fraser and Michael McKenna
| author1 = Andrew Fraser|author2=Michael McKenna
| first =
| title = Racist nickname consigned to history as indigenous activist celebrates victory
| title = Racist nickname consigned to history as indigenous activist celebrates victory
| work = [[The Australian]]
| newspaper = [[The Australian]]
| place = Australia
| publisher = [[News Limited]]
| date = 26 September 2008
| date = 26 September 2008
| url = http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/racist-nickname-consigned-to-history/story-e6frg6oo-1111117588368
| url = http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/racist-nickname-consigned-to-history/story-e6frg6oo-1111117588368
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref> He was [[Kangaroo Tour]] manager in 1954.<ref>{{cite web|last=Collins|first=Tony|title='Ahr Waggy'; Harold Wagstaff and the making of Anglo-Australian rugby league culture|url=http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/TomBrock/TomBrockLecture5.pdf|work=5th Annual [[Tom Brock Lecture]]|publisher=Tom Brock Bequest Committee|accessdate=18 January 2011|author-link=Tony Collins (historian)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120808034702/http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/TomBrock/TomBrockLecture5.pdf|archivedate=2012-08-08|location=Australia|year=2004|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}{{dead link|date=March 2024}}</ref> He was [[Kangaroo Tour]] manager in 1954.<ref>{{cite web|last=Collins|first=Tony|title='Ahr Waggy'; Harold Wagstaff and the making of Anglo-Australian rugby league culture|url=http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/TomBrock/TomBrockLecture5.pdf|work=5th Annual [[Tom Brock Lecture]]|publisher=Tom Brock Bequest Committee|access-date=18 January 2011|author-link=Tony Collins (historian)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120808034702/http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/TomBrock/TomBrockLecture5.pdf|archive-date=2012-08-08|location=Australia|year=2004|url-status=dead}}</ref>


In the 1960s a grandstand in Toowoomba's main football stadium, the [[Toowoomba Sports Ground]], was named the 'E S "Nigger" Brown Stand' in his honour.<ref name=BT20090217>{{Cite news
In the 1960s a grandstand in Toowoomba's main football stadium, the [[Toowoomba Sports Ground]], was named the 'E S "Nigger" Brown Stand' in his honour.<ref name=BT20090217>{{Cite news
| title = 'Nigger' Brown issue laid to rest at last
| title = 'Nigger' Brown issue laid to rest at last
| work = [[Brisbane Times]]
| newspaper = [[Brisbane Times]]
| publisher = [[Fairfax Media]]
| publisher = [[Fairfax Media]]
| date = 17 February 2009
| date = 17 February 2009
| url = http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/news/queensland/nigger-brown-issue-laid-to-rest-at-last/2009/02/17/1234632793995.html
| url = http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/news/queensland/nigger-brown-issue-laid-to-rest-at-last/2009/02/17/1234632793995.html
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref> Brown died in 1972 aged 74.<ref>{{Cite news
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref> Brown died in 1972 aged 74.<ref>{{Cite news
| title = Controversial stand to be demolished
| title = Controversial stand to be demolished
| work = Brisbane Times
| newspaper = [[Brisbane Times]]
| place = Australia
| place = Australia
| publisher = Fairfax Media
| publisher = Fairfax Media
| date = 22 May 2007
| date = 22 May 2007
| url = http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/news/queensland/nigger-brown-stand-to-be-demolished/2007/05/22/1179601384315.html
| url = http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/news/queensland/nigger-brown-stand-to-be-demolished/2007/05/22/1179601384315.html
| accessdate = 20 February 2011}}</ref>
| access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref>


The "E S 'Nigger' Brown Stand" later became the subject of a book, ''[[The N Word: One Man's Stand]]'', by [[Stephen Hagan (author)|Stephen Hagan]], who campaigned for its removal. When the stand was demolished in September 2008, the Toowoomba Sports Ground Inc decided not to use the nickname in future references to Brown.<ref name=BT20090217 />
The "E S 'Nigger' Brown Stand" later became the subject of a book, ''[[The N Word: One Man's Stand]]'', by [[Stephen Hagan (author)|Stephen Hagan]], who campaigned for its removal. When the stand was demolished in September 2008, the Toowoomba Sports Ground Inc decided not to use the nickname in future references to Brown.<ref name=BT20090217 />

Revision as of 13:14, 30 March 2024

For other people named Edwin Brown, see Edwin Brown (disambiguation).

Edwin Brown
Personal information
Full nameEdwin Stanley Brown
Born1898
?, Australia
Died1972 (age 74)
Toowoomba, Australia
Playing information
PositionCentre
Club
Years Team Pld T G FG P
191?–2? Newtown (Toowoomba)
Representative
Years Team Pld T G FG P
1919–25 Queensland
1921–22 Australia
19??–?? Toowoomba

Edwin Stanley "Nigger" Brown[1] (1898–1972) was an Australian rugby league player who played in the 1910s and 1920s. A Queensland state and Australian international representative centre,[2] he played club rugby in Toowoomba for Newtown.[3][4]

Brown, an Anglo-Australian who was nicknamed "Nigger" because of his fair complexion (or perhaps because of his use of the "Nigger Brown" variety of Kiwi shoe polish),[5] became Toowoomba's first rugby league international[6] when he was selected to go on the 1921–22 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain, during which he played four matches.

Brown forged a world-class centre combination with Tom Gorman in the famous Toowoomba sides of the 1920s,[7] and in 1925 injured his ankle playing in their win over the New Zealand national side before a crowd of around 5,000 in Toowoomba.[8]

Brown later served as a judge for Sunday Herald's player of the season award.[9] He was also president of the Toowoomba Rugby League during the early 1950s[10] and became a local councillor in Toowoomba.[11] He was Kangaroo Tour manager in 1954.[12]

In the 1960s a grandstand in Toowoomba's main football stadium, the Toowoomba Sports Ground, was named the 'E S "Nigger" Brown Stand' in his honour.[13] Brown died in 1972 aged 74.[14]

The "E S 'Nigger' Brown Stand" later became the subject of a book, The N Word: One Man's Stand, by Stephen Hagan, who campaigned for its removal. When the stand was demolished in September 2008, the Toowoomba Sports Ground Inc decided not to use the nickname in future references to Brown.[13]

References

  1. ^ also known as "Edward" Stanley Brown
  2. ^ Gallaway, Jack (2001). Brisbane Broncos: The Team to beat. Australia: University of Queensland Press. p. 128. ISBN 0-7022-3342-0. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  3. ^ "Queensland Representative Players – Brown, Edwin ('Nigger')". Queensland Rugby League. 2010. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  4. ^ "Player Register". Australian Rugby League. 2009. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  5. ^ "Judge rejects bid on 'nigger' sign". The Age. Melbourne: Fairfax. AAP. 20 March 2002. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  6. ^ Chilcott, Tanya (26 September 2008). "Toowoomba to drop 'Nigger' name from sports ground". The Courier-Mail. Brisbane: Queensland Newspapers. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  7. ^ Pramberg, Bernie (14 June 2008). "League Centenary painting shows Queensland's dream team". The Courier-Mail. Brisbane: Queensland Newspapers. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  8. ^ "Football". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney. 13 August 1925. p. 12. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  9. ^ "Three Players in Competition Lead". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney. 3 July 1950. p. 1. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  10. ^ Neil Rees; Katherine Lindsay; Simon Rice (2008). Australian Anti-Discrimination Law: Text, Cases and Materials. Australia: The Federation Press. p. 550. ISBN 978-1-86287-661-3. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  11. ^ Andrew Fraser; Michael McKenna (26 September 2008). "Racist nickname consigned to history as indigenous activist celebrates victory". The Australian. Retrieved 20 February 2011.[dead link]
  12. ^ Collins, Tony (2004). "'Ahr Waggy'; Harold Wagstaff and the making of Anglo-Australian rugby league culture" (PDF). 5th Annual Tom Brock Lecture. Australia: Tom Brock Bequest Committee. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2011.
  13. ^ a b "'Nigger' Brown issue laid to rest at last". Brisbane Times. Fairfax Media. 17 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  14. ^ "Controversial stand to be demolished". Brisbane Times. Australia: Fairfax Media. 22 May 2007. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
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