Santiam Pass: Difference between revisions

Edit links
Coordinates: 44°23.3′N 121°50.7′W / 44.3883°N 121.8450°W / 44.3883; -121.8450
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Rosemania (talk | contribs)
257 edits
No edit summary
m →‎Climate: Typo fixing, replaced: occaisional → occasional
 
(45 intermediate revisions by 33 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Infobox Mountain Pass
{{Short description|Mountain Pass in Oregon, United States}}
{{Infobox mountain pass
|Name = Santiam Pass
| name = Santiam Pass
|Photo = Santiam9.JPG
|Caption = Santiam Pass
| photo = Santiam Pass.jpg
| photo_caption = [[Mount Jefferson (Oregon)|Mount Jefferson]], [[Three Fingered Jack]], [[Hogg Rock]] and [[U.S. Route 20 (Oregon)|U.S. Route 20]] near Santiam Pass
|Elevation = {{Convert|4817|ft|m|0|abbr=on}}
| elevation_ft = 4817
|Location= [[Oregon]], {{USA}}
| elevation_ref =
|Range = [[Cascades]]
|Coordinates = {{coor dm|44|23.3|N|121|50.7|W|}}
| traversed = {{jct|state=OR|US|20}}
| location = [[Jefferson County, Oregon|Jefferson]] – [[Linn County, Oregon|Linn]] counties, [[Oregon]], [[United States]]
|Topographic map =
|Traversed by = [[U.S. Highway 20]]
| range = [[Cascade Range|Cascades]]
| coordinates = {{coord|44|23.3|N|121|50.7|W|type:pass_region:US-OR_scale:10000_elevation:1468|display=inline,title}}
| topo =
}}
}}


'''Santiam Pass''' (el. 4817 ft.) is a [[mountain pass]] in the [[Cascade Range]] in central [[Oregon]] in the [[United States]]. It is located on the border between [[Linn County, Oregon|Linn]] and [[Jefferson County, Oregon|Jefferson]] counties, about {{Convert|18|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Sisters, Oregon|Sisters]], between the prominent volcanic [[glacial horn|horn]]s of [[Three Fingered Jack]] to the north and [[Mt. Washington (Oregon)|Mount Washington]] to the south. Several other smaller volcanoes, including [[cinder cone]]s and [[tuya]]s, are found near the summit of the pass. [[U.S. Highway 20]] connects eastern Oregon with the valley of the [[Santiam River]] on the west via Santiam Pass. One of the 19 or 20 lakes by the name of [[Lost Lake (Oregon)|Lost Lake]] is located beside the highway just west of Santiam Pass. The Santiam Pass may be approached from the west by 3 distinct routes:
'''Santiam Pass''' is a {{convert|4817|ft|m|adj=on}} [[mountain pass]] in the [[Cascade Range]] in central [[Oregon]] in the [[United States]]. It is located on the border between [[Linn County, Oregon|Linn]] and [[Jefferson County, Oregon|Jefferson]] counties, about {{Convert|18|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Sisters, Oregon|Sisters]], between the prominent volcanic [[glacial horn|horns]] of [[Three Fingered Jack]] to the north and [[Mount Washington (Oregon)|Mount Washington]] to the south. Several other smaller volcanoes, including [[cinder cone]]s and [[tuya]]s, are found near the summit of the pass. [[U.S. Route 20 (Oregon)|U.S. Route 20]] connects eastern Oregon with the valley of the [[Santiam River]] on the west via Santiam Pass. [[Lost Lake (Santiam Pass, Linn County, Oregon)|One of the 19 or 20 lakes]] by the name of [[Lost Lake (Oregon)|Lost Lake]] is located beside the highway just west of Santiam Pass. The pass may be approached from the west by three distinct routes:
*[[Oregon Route 22]] also known as the North Santiam Highway proceeds southeast from [[Salem, Oregon|Salem]] and follows the [[North Santiam River]] to Santiam Junction.
* [[Oregon Route 22]], also known as the North Santiam Highway, proceeds southeast from [[Salem, Oregon|Salem]] and follows the [[North Santiam River]] to Santiam Junction.
*[[U.S. Route 20]] which follows the [[South Santiam River]] from the [[Albany, Oregon|Albany]]-[[Corvallis, Oregon|Corvallis]] area to Santiam Junction.
* [[U.S. Route 20 (Oregon)|U.S. Route 20]], which follows the [[South Santiam River]] from the [[Albany, Oregon|Albany]]–[[Corvallis, Oregon|Corvallis]] area to Santiam Junction.
*[[Oregon Route 126]] which follows the [[McKenzie River]] northeast from [[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene]].
* [[Oregon Route 126]], which follows the [[McKenzie River (Oregon)|McKenzie River]] northeast from [[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene]].


From the East, Santiam Pass is approached from the town of [[Sisters, Oregon| Sisters]], however, immediately east of Sisters U. S. Highway 20 and Oregon Route 126 which share the route over the pass split with Oregon Route 126 going Northest to [[Redmond, Oregon|Redmond]] and [[Prineville, Oregon]] and U. S. Route 20 heading southeast to [[Bend, Oregon|Bend]].
From the east, Santiam Pass is approached from the town of Sisters; however, immediately east of Sisters, U. S. Highway 20 and Oregon Route 126, which share the route over the pass, split with Oregon Route 126 going northeast to [[Redmond, Oregon|Redmond]] and [[Prineville, Oregon]] and U. S. Route 20 heading southeast to [[Bend, Oregon|Bend]].


==History==
While the pass was known by [[Native Americans in the United States|native]] peoples, the first recorded crossing of the pass was in April 1859 by an expedition searching for a cattle trail over the Cascade Range from the [[Willamette Valley]] to [[Central Oregon]]. This expedition was led by Andrew Wiley, who reportedly climbed a tall tree on a mountain near [[Lost Prairie (Oregon)|Lost Prairie]] to help determine the route. Lost Prairie is located along Hackleman Creek between Fish Lake and Tombstone Prairie.<ref name="OGN">{{cite book
While the pass was known by [[Native Americans in the United States|native]] peoples, the first recorded crossing of the pass was in April 1859 by an expedition searching for a cattle trail over the Cascade Range from the [[Willamette Valley]] to [[Central Oregon]]. This expedition was led by Andrew Wiley, who reportedly climbed a tall tree on a mountain near [[Lost Prairie (Oregon)|Lost Prairie]] to help determine the route. Lost Prairie is located along Hackleman Creek between Fish Lake and Tombstone Prairie.<ref name="OGN">{{cite book
| last = McArthur
| first = Lewis A.
| last = McArthur
| authorlink = Lewis A. McArthur
| first = Lewis A.
| coauthors = [[Lewis L. McArthur]]
| author-link = Lewis A. McArthur
|author2=Lewis L. McArthur
| title = [[Oregon Geographic Names]]
|author2-link=Lewis L. McArthur
| origyear = 1928
| title = [[Oregon Geographic Names]]
| edition = 6th Edition
| year = 1984
| orig-year = 1928
| edition = 6th
| publisher = [[Oregon Historical Society]] Press
| year = 1984
| location = [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[Oregon]]
| publisher = [[Oregon Historical Society]] Press
| id = ISBN 0-87595-237-2
| location = [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[Oregon]]
| pages = 515}}</ref> Wiley later helped establish the [[Santiam Wagon Road]].
| isbn = 0-87595-237-2
| page = 515}}</ref> Wiley later helped establish the [[Santiam Wagon Road]].


Originally known as Hogg Pass, after [[Thomas Egenton Hogg|Col. T. Egenton Hogg]] who designated this crossing for his [[Oregon Pacific Railroad (1880–94)|proposed railroad]], Santiam Pass was renamed in 1929 when the Santiam Highway was completed. The original Santiam Pass is located three miles south and was discovered in 1859.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/findingaids/?p=collections/findingaid&id=2876#id473120|title=Gerald W. Williams Regional Albums, 1875-2000|website=scarc.library.oregonstate.edu|language=en|access-date=2017-04-28}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] This article contains quotations from this source, which is available under the [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)] license.</ref>
==Nearby Volcanoes==

*[[Three Fingered Jack]]
==Climate==
*[[Hogg Rock]]

*[[Hoodoo Butte]]
Santiam Pass has a subarctic climate with cold, extremely snowy winters and mild to sometimes warm summers with occasional precipitation. While it is subarctic, the average winter temperatures hover around the upper 20s. Part of this is due to its latitudal location and being only over 4000 feet in elevation, but it is also due to the significant amount of winter snow that can moderate the temperatures. Temperatures can, however, still reach the negatives a couple days per year and single digits for a good number of days, usually dry. Santiam Pass's crest location allows for some of the highest snowfall totals in the US to fall onto it and for more summer rainfall than the surrounding lower elevated areas may see as well.
*[[Hayrick Butte]]
{{Weather box
*[[Mount Washington (Oregon)|Mount Washington]]
|location = Santiam Pass, Oregon
|single line = Y

|Jan high F = 34.4
|Feb high F = 36.9
|Mar high F = 39.9
|Apr high F = 44.6
|May high F = 53.1
|Jun high F = 62.4
|Jul high F = 72.0
|Aug high F = 71.6
|Sep high F = 62.3
|Oct high F = 51.9
|Nov high F = 37.8
|Dec high F = 34.3
|year high F=
|Jan mean F = 27.9
|Feb mean F = 29.8
|Mar mean F = 32.0
|Apr mean F = 35.4
|May mean F = 42.3
|Jun mean F = 49.8
|Jul mean F = 57.4
|Aug mean F = 57.3
|Sep mean F = 50.3
|Oct mean F = 42.1
|Nov mean F = 31.7
|Dec mean F = 28.1
|year mean F= 47.6
|Jan low F = 21.3
|Feb low F = 22.7
|Mar low F = 24.1
|Apr low F = 26.2
|May low F = 31.4
|Jun low F = 37.1
|Jul low F = 42.7
|Aug low F = 42.9
|Sep low F = 38.3
|Oct low F = 32.2
|Nov low F = 25.6
|Dec low F = 21.9
|year low F=
|Jan avg record high F =50
|Feb avg record high F =52
|Mar avg record high F =55
|Apr avg record high F =64
|May avg record high F =74
|Jun avg record high F =82
|Jul avg record high F =89
|Aug avg record high F =87
|Sep avg record high F =81
|Oct avg record high F =72
|Nov avg record high F =58
|Dec avg record high F =49
|year avg record high F=90
|Jan avg record low F =1
|Feb avg record low F =5
|Mar avg record low F =10
|Apr avg record low F =14
|May avg record low F =22
|Jun avg record low F =28
|Jul avg record low F =32
|Aug avg record low F =31
|Sep avg record low F =27
|Oct avg record low F =21
|Nov avg record low F =13
|Dec avg record low F =3
|year avg record low F=-3
|Jan record high F = 61
|Feb record high F = 60
|Mar record high F = 69
|Apr record high F = 76
|May record high F = 84
|Jun record high F = 91
|Jul record high F = 93
|Aug record high F = 97
|Sep record high F = 93
|Oct record high F = 84
|Nov record high F = 71
|Dec record high F = 59
|year record high F= 107
|Jan record low F = −23
|Feb record low F = −13
|Mar record low F = −10
|Apr record low F = 4
|May record low F = 9
|Jun record low F = 21
|Jul record low F = 28
|Aug record low F = 24
|Sep record low F = 17
|Oct record low F = 8
|Nov record low F = 3
|Dec record low F = −16
|year record low F= −26
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 13.81
|Feb precipitation inch = 10.14
|Mar precipitation inch = 9.08
|Apr precipitation inch = 6.24
|May precipitation inch = 3.71
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.18
|Jul precipitation inch = 1.31
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.82
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.74
|Oct precipitation inch = 6.48
|Nov precipitation inch = 12.68
|Dec precipitation inch = 15.42
|year precipitation inch=
|Jan snow inch = 97.0
|Feb snow inch = 65.5
|Mar snow inch = 72.6
|Apr snow inch = 37.9
|May snow inch = 12.7
|Jun snow inch = 0.8
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.9
|Oct snow inch = 13.4
|Nov snow inch = 58.1
|Dec snow inch = 92.3
|year snow inch=

|source 1 = <ref>{{cite web
|url= https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?or7559 |title=SANTIAM PASS, OR (357559) |accessdate=November 8, 2023|publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }}</ref>
|date=November 2023
}}

==Nearby volcanoes==
* [[Three Fingered Jack]]
* [[Hogg Rock]]
* [[Hoodoo Butte]]
* [[Hayrick Butte]]
* [[Mount Washington (Oregon)|Mount Washington]]


==See also==
==See also==
* [[McKenzie Pass – Santiam Pass Scenic Byway]]
*[[Santiam Junction State Airport]] (located west of the pass along Hwy 20)
* [[Santiam Junction State Airport]], located west of the pass along U.S. Route 20


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
{{coor title dm|44|23.3|N|121|50.7|W|}}


[[Category:Jefferson County, Oregon]]
[[Category:Linn County, Oregon]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of Oregon]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of Oregon]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of the Cascades]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of the Cascades]]
[[Category:Transportation in Linn County, Oregon]]

[[Category:Transportation in Jefferson County, Oregon]]
{{Oregon-geo-stub}}
[[Category:Landforms of Linn County, Oregon]]
[[Category:Deschutes National Forest]]
[[Category:Willamette National Forest]]
[[Category:Landforms of Jefferson County, Oregon]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 20]]

Latest revision as of 12:47, 1 April 2024

Santiam Pass
Mount Jefferson, Three Fingered Jack, Hogg Rock and U.S. Route 20 near Santiam Pass
Elevation4,817 ft (1,468 m)
Traversed by US 20
LocationJefferson – Linn counties, Oregon, United States
RangeCascades
Coordinates44°23.3′N 121°50.7′W / 44.3883°N 121.8450°W / 44.3883; -121.8450

Santiam Pass is a 4,817-foot (1,468 m) mountain pass in the Cascade Range in central Oregon in the United States. It is located on the border between Linn and Jefferson counties, about 18 mi (29 km) northwest of Sisters, between the prominent volcanic horns of Three Fingered Jack to the north and Mount Washington to the south. Several other smaller volcanoes, including cinder cones and tuyas, are found near the summit of the pass. U.S. Route 20 connects eastern Oregon with the valley of the Santiam River on the west via Santiam Pass. One of the 19 or 20 lakes by the name of Lost Lake is located beside the highway just west of Santiam Pass. The pass may be approached from the west by three distinct routes:

From the east, Santiam Pass is approached from the town of Sisters; however, immediately east of Sisters, U. S. Highway 20 and Oregon Route 126, which share the route over the pass, split with Oregon Route 126 going northeast to Redmond and Prineville, Oregon and U. S. Route 20 heading southeast to Bend.

History[edit]

While the pass was known by native peoples, the first recorded crossing of the pass was in April 1859 by an expedition searching for a cattle trail over the Cascade Range from the Willamette Valley to Central Oregon. This expedition was led by Andrew Wiley, who reportedly climbed a tall tree on a mountain near Lost Prairie to help determine the route. Lost Prairie is located along Hackleman Creek between Fish Lake and Tombstone Prairie.[1] Wiley later helped establish the Santiam Wagon Road.

Originally known as Hogg Pass, after Col. T. Egenton Hogg who designated this crossing for his proposed railroad, Santiam Pass was renamed in 1929 when the Santiam Highway was completed. The original Santiam Pass is located three miles south and was discovered in 1859.[2]

Climate[edit]

Santiam Pass has a subarctic climate with cold, extremely snowy winters and mild to sometimes warm summers with occasional precipitation. While it is subarctic, the average winter temperatures hover around the upper 20s. Part of this is due to its latitudal location and being only over 4000 feet in elevation, but it is also due to the significant amount of winter snow that can moderate the temperatures. Temperatures can, however, still reach the negatives a couple days per year and single digits for a good number of days, usually dry. Santiam Pass's crest location allows for some of the highest snowfall totals in the US to fall onto it and for more summer rainfall than the surrounding lower elevated areas may see as well.

Climate data for Santiam Pass, Oregon
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 61
(16) 		60
(16) 		69
(21) 		76
(24) 		84
(29) 		91
(33) 		93
(34) 		97
(36) 		93
(34) 		84
(29) 		71
(22) 		59
(15) 		107
(42)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 50
(10) 		52
(11) 		55
(13) 		64
(18) 		74
(23) 		82
(28) 		89
(32) 		87
(31) 		81
(27) 		72
(22) 		58
(14) 		49
(9) 		90
(32)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 34.4
(1.3) 		36.9
(2.7) 		39.9
(4.4) 		44.6
(7.0) 		53.1
(11.7) 		62.4
(16.9) 		72.0
(22.2) 		71.6
(22.0) 		62.3
(16.8) 		51.9
(11.1) 		37.8
(3.2) 		34.3
(1.3) 		50.1
(10.0)
Daily mean °F (°C) 27.9
(−2.3) 		29.8
(−1.2) 		32.0
(0.0) 		35.4
(1.9) 		42.3
(5.7) 		49.8
(9.9) 		57.4
(14.1) 		57.3
(14.1) 		50.3
(10.2) 		42.1
(5.6) 		31.7
(−0.2) 		28.1
(−2.2) 		47.6
(8.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 21.3
(−5.9) 		22.7
(−5.2) 		24.1
(−4.4) 		26.2
(−3.2) 		31.4
(−0.3) 		37.1
(2.8) 		42.7
(5.9) 		42.9
(6.1) 		38.3
(3.5) 		32.2
(0.1) 		25.6
(−3.6) 		21.9
(−5.6) 		30.5
(−0.8)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 1
(−17) 		5
(−15) 		10
(−12) 		14
(−10) 		22
(−6) 		28
(−2) 		32
(0) 		31
(−1) 		27
(−3) 		21
(−6) 		13
(−11) 		3
(−16) 		−3
(−19)
Record low °F (°C) −23
(−31) 		−13
(−25) 		−10
(−23) 		4
(−16) 		9
(−13) 		21
(−6) 		28
(−2) 		24
(−4) 		17
(−8) 		8
(−13) 		3
(−16) 		−16
(−27) 		−26
(−32)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 13.81
(351) 		10.14
(258) 		9.08
(231) 		6.24
(158) 		3.71
(94) 		3.18
(81) 		1.31
(33) 		1.82
(46) 		3.74
(95) 		6.48
(165) 		12.68
(322) 		15.42
(392) 		87.61
(2,226)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 97.0
(246) 		65.5
(166) 		72.6
(184) 		37.9
(96) 		12.7
(32) 		0.8
(2.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.9
(2.3) 		13.4
(34) 		58.1
(148) 		92.3
(234) 		451.2
(1,144.3)
Source: [3]

Nearby volcanoes[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ McArthur, Lewis A.; Lewis L. McArthur (1984) [1928]. Oregon Geographic Names (6th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. p. 515. ISBN 0-87595-237-2.
  2. ^ "Gerald W. Williams Regional Albums, 1875-2000". scarc.library.oregonstate.edu. Retrieved 2017-04-28. This article contains quotations from this source, which is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
  3. ^ "SANTIAM PASS, OR (357559)". Western Regional Climate Center. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santiam_Pass&oldid=1216687871"