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The '''Morane-Saulnier MS.230''' aircraft was the main elementary trainer for the [[France|French]] [[Armée de l'Air]] throughout the 1930s. Almost all French pilots flying for the Armée de l'Air at the outbreak of [[World War II]] had had their earliest flight training in this machine. It was the equivalent of the [[Boeing-Stearman Model 75|Stearman]] trainer in the [[United States]] air services and the [[de Havilland Tiger Moth]] in the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Royal Air Force]].
The '''Morane-Saulnier MS.230''' aircraft was the main elementary trainer for the [[France|French]] [[Armée de l'Air]] throughout the 1930s. Almost all French pilots flying for the Armée de l'Air at the outbreak of [[World War II]] had had their earliest flight training in this machine. It was the equivalent of the [[Boeing-Stearman Model 75|Stearman]] trainer in the [[United States]] air services and the [[de Havilland Tiger Moth]] in the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Royal Air Force]].


==Development and design==
==Development and design==
The MS.230 was designed to meet French Air Ministry requirements.<ref name="Holmes"/> . The MS.230 was a [[parasol wing]] monoplane of metal tubular framing with fabric covering throughout, except the forward area of the fuselage, which was metal covered. The instructor and pupil occupied two tandem cockpits. arrangement in the fuselage for . It had a wide fixed landing gear that made it very stable in takeoff and landing. As a monoplane the MS.230 was unlike other trainers of the time ,which were mostly biplanes.
The MS.230 was designed to meet French Air Ministry requirements.<ref name="Holmes"/> The MS.230 was a [[parasol wing]] monoplane of metal tubular framing with fabric covering throughout, except the forward area of the fuselage, which was metal covered. The instructor and pupil occupied two tandem cockpits. arrangement in the fuselage for . It had a wide fixed landing gear that made it very stable in takeoff and landing. As a monoplane the MS.230 was unlike other trainers of the time ,which were mostly biplanes.


It first flew in February 1929 and proved to be an excellent and stable machine which was very easy to fly.
It first flew in February 1929 and proved to be an excellent and stable machine which was very easy to fly.
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*MS.229 - [[Hispano-Suiza H8a]] [[V8 engine|V8]], for Swiss ''[[Fliegertruppen]]''; two built, one converted to Wright 9Qa [[radial engine|radial]] in 1932
*MS.229 - [[Hispano-Suiza H8a]] [[V8 engine|V8]], for Swiss ''[[Fliegertruppen]]''; two built, one converted to Wright 9Qa [[radial engine|radial]] in 1932
*MS.230 - over 1,100 built; 20 bought by [[Romania]] and 25 by [[Greece]] in 1931, 9 each bought by Belgium and Brazil; main ''[[Armee de l'Air]]'' [[training aircraft|trainer]] for years; operated by several well-known private owners including [[Lynn Garrison]] and [[Louis Dolfus]]; some used for trials with [[Handley Page]] slats, or skis; one fitted with [[Lorraine 9Nb Algol Junior]]
*MS.230 - over 1,100 built; 20 bought by [[Romania]] and 25 by [[Greece]] in 1931, 9 each bought by Belgium and Brazil; main ''[[Armee de l'Air]]'' [[training aircraft|trainer]] for years; operated by several well-known private owners including [[Lynn Garrison]] and [[Louis Dolfus]]; some used for trials with [[Handley Page]] slats, or skis; one fitted with [[Lorraine 9Nb Algol Junior]]
*MS.231 - six built, with 179 kW (240 hp) [[Lorraine 7Mb]], 1930
*MS.231 - six built, with 179&nbsp;kW (240&nbsp;hp) [[Lorraine 7Mb]], 1930
*MS.232 - experimental version with 149 kW (200 hp) [[Clerget 9Ca]] [[Diesel engine|diesel]], 1930
*MS.232 - experimental version with 149&nbsp;kW (200&nbsp;hp) [[Clerget 9Ca]] [[Diesel engine|diesel]], 1930
*MS.233 - powered by 172 kW (230 hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 5Ba]] or [[Gnome-Rhône 5Bc]], six built in France and 16 in Portugal under licence for the Portuguese military
*MS.233 - powered by 172&nbsp;kW (230&nbsp;hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 5Ba]] or [[Gnome-Rhône 5Bc]], six built in France and 16 in Portugal under licence for the Portuguese military
*MS.234 - 186 kW (250 hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine, two built, one for U.S. Ambassador in Paris
*MS.234 - 186&nbsp;kW (250&nbsp;hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine, two built, one for U.S. Ambassador in Paris
*MS.234/2 - converted from [[MS.130]] racer with 172 kW) (230 hp) [[Hispano 9Qb]] and [[NACA cowling]], entered in 1931 [[Coupe Michelin]] [[air racing|air race]], 86 kW (250 hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine, 1933 fitted with 9Qa engine as MS.234 #2, flown in [[aerobatics|aerobatic]] competition by [[Michael Detroyat]] until 1938
*MS.234/2 - converted from [[MS.130]] racer with 172&nbsp;kW) (230&nbsp;hp) [[Hispano 9Qb]] and [[NACA cowling]], entered in 1931 [[Coupe Michelin]] [[air racing|air race]], 86&nbsp;kW (250&nbsp;hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine, 1933 fitted with 9Qa engine as MS.234 #2, flown in [[aerobatics|aerobatic]] competition by [[Michael Detroyat]] until 1938
*MS.235 - 224 kW (300 hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 7Kb]] engine, one built 1930
*MS.235 - 224&nbsp;kW (300&nbsp;hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 7Kb]] engine, one built 1930
*MS.235H - twin-[[float (nautical)|float]] version, first flown 1931
*MS.235H - twin-[[float (nautical)|float]] version, first flown 1931
*MS.236 - fitted with 160 kW (215 hp) [[Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC]], 19 built under licence for [[Belgian Air Force]] by [[SABCA]], first flown July 1932
*MS.236 - fitted with 160&nbsp;kW (215&nbsp;hp) [[Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC]], 19 built under licence for [[Belgian Air Force]] by [[SABCA]], first flown July 1932
*MS.237 - 209 kW (280 hp) [[Salmson 9Aba]] engine, five built for private users, introduced 1934
*MS.237 - 209&nbsp;kW (280&nbsp;hp) [[Salmson 9Aba]] engine, five built for private users, introduced 1934


[[File:Morane-Saulnier MS 230.jpg|thumb|MS.230 at Praha-Kbely museum]]
[[File:Morane-Saulnier MS 230.jpg|thumb|MS.230 at Praha-Kbely museum]]
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|number of propellers per engine=
|number of propellers per engine=
|propeller diameter main=
|propeller diameter main=
|propeller diameter alt=
|propeller diameter alt=


|max speed main= 260 km/h
|max speed main= 260 km/h
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;Bibliography
;Bibliography
* Donald, David. ''Encyclopedia of World Aircraft'' (Etobicoke, Ontario: Prospero Books, 1997), p.664, "Morane-Saulnier MS.230 series".
* Donald, David. ''Encyclopedia of World Aircraft'' (Etobicoke, Ontario: Prospero Books, 1997), p.&nbsp;664, "Morane-Saulnier MS.230 series".
* {{cite book |last= Holmes |first= Tony |title=Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide |year=2005 |publisher=Harper Collins |location=London |isbn = 0-00-719292-4 |pages= }}
* {{cite book |last= Holmes |first= Tony |title=Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide |year=2005 |publisher=Harper Collins |location=London |isbn = 0-00-719292-4 |pages= }}


Revision as of 07:40, 30 December 2013

MS.230
Role Elementary Trainer
Manufacturer Morane-Saulnier
First flight February Template:Avyear[1]
Primary user Armée de l'Air Flight School, Reims, France
Number built 1000+[1]

The Morane-Saulnier MS.230 aircraft was the main elementary trainer for the French Armée de l'Air throughout the 1930s. Almost all French pilots flying for the Armée de l'Air at the outbreak of World War II had had their earliest flight training in this machine. It was the equivalent of the Stearman trainer in the United States air services and the de Havilland Tiger Moth in the British Royal Air Force.

Development and design

The MS.230 was designed to meet French Air Ministry requirements.[1] The MS.230 was a parasol wing monoplane of metal tubular framing with fabric covering throughout, except the forward area of the fuselage, which was metal covered. The instructor and pupil occupied two tandem cockpits. arrangement in the fuselage for . It had a wide fixed landing gear that made it very stable in takeoff and landing. As a monoplane the MS.230 was unlike other trainers of the time ,which were mostly biplanes.

It first flew in February 1929 and proved to be an excellent and stable machine which was very easy to fly. It saw service with military flight schools throughout France and was exported to the air forces of numerous other countries. It also became a popular aircraft for sporting aviation. An example won the Michelin Cup in 1929 [2]

Numbers of MS.230s survived for many years after the war and became civilian trainers and civilian flying club aircraft.

Popular Culture

A MS.230 was used at the end of the movie The Blue Max as the "new monoplane" in which Lt. Stachel is killed during a test flight.

Variants

Source:[3]

MS.230 at Praha-Kbely museum

Operators

 Belgium
 Brazil
 Czechoslovakia
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Portugal
 Romania
 Spain
  Switzerland
 United States
 Venezuela

Specifications

Data from Holmes, 2005. p. 97.

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2 (one instructor, one student)

Performance

See also

Related lists

References

Notes
  1. ^ a b c Holmes, 2005. p. 97.
  2. ^ [1]Flight 20 June 1930, p.651
  3. ^ Donald, 1997. p. 664.
  4. ^ Ketley, Barry, and Rolfe, Mark. Luftwaffe Fledglings 1935-1945: Luftwaffe Training Units and their Aircraft (Aldershot, GB: Hikoki Publications, 1996), p.11.
Bibliography
  • Donald, David. Encyclopedia of World Aircraft (Etobicoke, Ontario: Prospero Books, 1997), p. 664, "Morane-Saulnier MS.230 series".
  • Holmes, Tony (2005). Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide. London: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-00-719292-4.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Morane-Saulnier MS.230.
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