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{{italictitle}}
{{taxobox
{{taxobox
| image = Solidago virgaurea minuta1.jpg
|image = Solidago virgaurea minuta1.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Solidago virgaurea minuta]]''
|image_caption = ''[[Solidago virgaurea minuta]]''
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Floweringh plant|Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| ordo = [[Asterales]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
| familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
| tribus = [[Astereae]]
|tribus = [[Astereae]]
| genus = ''[[Solidago]]''
|genus = ''[[Solidago]]''
| species = '''''S. virgaurea'''''
|species = '''''S. virgaurea'''''
| binomial = ''Solidago virgaurea''
|binomial = ''Solidago virgaurea''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=e/>
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=e/>
|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true
|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true
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|''Solidago vulgaris'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Solidago vulgaris'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Aster minutus'' <small>(L.) Kuntze, syn of subsp. ''alpestris''</small>
|''Aster minutus'' <small>(L.) Kuntze, syn of subsp. ''alpestris''</small>
|''Solidago armena'' <small>Kem.-Nath. ex Grossh., syn of subsp. ''armena ''</small>
|''Solidago armena'' <small>Kem.-Nath. ex Grossh., syn of subsp. ''armena''</small>
|''Solidago japonica'' <small>Kitam., syn of subsp. ''asiatica ''</small>
|''Solidago japonica'' <small>Kitam., syn of subsp. ''asiatica''</small>
|''Solidago calcicola'' <small>(Fernald) Fernald, syn of var. ''calcicola ''</small>
|''Solidago calcicola'' <small>(Fernald) Fernald, syn of var. ''calcicola''</small>
|''Solidago caucasica'' <small>Kem.-Nath., syn of subsp. ''caucasica ''</small>
|''Solidago caucasica'' <small>Kem.-Nath., syn of subsp. ''caucasica''</small>
|''Solidago dahurica'' <small>Kitag., syn of subsp. ''dahurica ''</small>
|''Solidago dahurica'' <small>Kitag., syn of subsp. ''dahurica''</small>
|''Solidago gebleri'' <small>Juz., syn of subsp. ''dahurica ''</small>
|''Solidago gebleri'' <small>Juz., syn of subsp. ''dahurica''</small>
|''Solidago insularis'' <small>Kitam., syn of subsp. ''insularis ''</small>
|''Solidago insularis'' <small>Kitam., syn of subsp. ''insularis''</small>
|''Solidago jailarum'' <small>Juz., syn of subsp. ''jailarum ''</small>
|''Solidago jailarum'' <small>Juz., syn of subsp. ''jailarum''</small>
|''Solidago lapponica'' <small>With., syn of subsp. ''lapponica ''</small>
|''Solidago lapponica'' <small>With., syn of subsp. ''lapponica''</small>
|''Solidago macrorrhiza'' <small>Lange, syn of subsp. ''macrorrhiza ''</small>
|''Solidago macrorrhiza'' <small>Lange, syn of subsp. ''macrorrhiza''</small>
|''Solidago alpestris'' <small>Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd., syn of subsp. ''minuta ''</small>
|''Solidago alpestris'' <small>Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd., syn of subsp. ''minuta''</small>
|''Solidago cambrica'' <small>Huds., syn of subsp. ''minuta ''</small>
|''Solidago cambrica'' <small>Huds., syn of subsp. ''minuta''</small>
|''Solidago minuta'' <small>L., syn of subsp. ''minuta ''</small>
|''Solidago minuta'' <small>L., syn of subsp. ''minuta''</small>
|''Solidago stenophylla'' <small>(G.E.Schultz) Tzvelev, syn of subsp. ''stenophylla ''</small>
|''Solidago stenophylla'' <small>(G.E.Schultz) Tzvelev, syn of subsp. ''stenophylla''</small>
|''Solidago talyschensis'' <small>Tzvelev, syn of subsp. ''talyschensis ''</small>
|''Solidago talyschensis'' <small>Tzvelev, syn of subsp. ''talyschensis''</small>
|''Solidago taurica'' <small>Juz., syn of subsp. ''taurica ''</small>
|''Solidago taurica'' <small>Juz., syn of subsp. ''taurica ''</small>
|''Solidago turfosa'' <small>Woronow ex Grossh., syn of subsp. ''turfosa ''</small>
|''Solidago turfosa'' <small>Woronow ex Grossh., syn of subsp. ''turfosa''</small>
}}}}
}}}}
'''''Solidago virgaurea''''' ('''European goldenrod''' or '''woundwort''') is an [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant]] of the family [[Asteraceae]]. It is widespread across most of Europe as well as North Africa and northern, central, and southwestern Asia (China, Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, etc.).<ref>[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=solidago+virgaurea Altervista Flora Italiana, Verga d'oro comune, ''Solidago virgaurea'' L.] includes photos and European distribution map</ref><ref name=p>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242349565 Flora of China, ''Solidago dahurica'' (Kitagawa) Kitagawa ex Juzepczuk, 1959. <big>兴安一枝黄花</big> xing an yi zhi huang hua ]</ref><ref>[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?34927 United States Department of Agriculture, Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)]</ref> It is grown as a garden flower with many different cultivars. It flowers profusely in late summer.
'''''Solidago virgaurea''''' ('''European goldenrod''' or '''woundwort''') is an [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant]] of the family [[Asteraceae]]. It is widespread across most of Europe as well as North Africa and northern, central, and southwestern Asia (China, Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, etc.).<ref>[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=solidago+virgaurea Altervista Flora Italiana, Verga d'oro comune, ''Solidago virgaurea'' L.] includes photos and European distribution map</ref><ref name=p>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242349565 Flora of China, ''Solidago dahurica'' (Kitagawa) Kitagawa ex Juzepczuk, 1959. <big>兴安一枝黄花</big> xing an yi zhi huang hua]</ref><ref>[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?34927 United States Department of Agriculture, Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)]</ref> It is grown as a garden flower with many different cultivars. It flowers profusely in late summer.


''Solidago virgaurea'' is a perennial herb up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, with a branching underground [[caudex]] and a woody [[rhizome]]. It produces arrays of numerous small yellow [[flower heads]] at the top of the stem.<ref name=p/>
''Solidago virgaurea'' is a perennial herb up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, with a branching underground [[caudex]] and a woody [[rhizome]]. It produces arrays of numerous small yellow [[flower heads]] at the top of the stem.<ref name=p/>
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This plant was cultivated in the [[Arab world]], who used it in their medical system. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries it was used in [[Europe]] to heal wounds. It has [[astringent]], [[diuretic]], [[antiseptic]] and other properties.
This plant was cultivated in the [[Arab world]], who used it in their medical system. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries it was used in [[Europe]] to heal wounds. It has [[astringent]], [[diuretic]], [[antiseptic]] and other properties.


Modern herbalists also use it to treat [[catarrh]] and [[kidney stone]]s.<ref>Howard, Michael. ''Traditional Folk Remedies'' (Century, 1987), p.145</ref> It is blended with other tonic herbs to cleanse or "flush" the kidneys and bladder, either as part of a healing fast, or to treat cystitis. In the case of a fast, it is made into a combined tincture as noted, taken with a supporting blend of herbal teas, and grape or watermelon juice is drunk through the day, alternating with Potassium broth.[2]
Modern herbalists also use it to treat [[catarrh]] and [[kidney stone]]s.<ref>Howard, Michael. ''Traditional Folk Remedies'' (Century, 1987), p.145.</ref> It is blended with other tonic herbs to cleanse or "flush" the kidneys and bladder, either as part of a healing fast, or to treat cystitis. In the case of a fast, it is made into a combined tincture as noted, taken with a supporting blend of herbal teas, and grape or watermelon juice is drunk through the day, alternating with Potassium broth.


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references/>


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100269718 Photo of old herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden]
*[http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100269718 Photo of old herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden]


⚫
[[Category:Solidago|virgaurea]]
[[Category:Angiosperms of Metropolitan France]]
[[Category:Angiosperms of Metropolitan France]]
[[Category:Flora of North Africa]]
[[Category:Flora of North Africa]]
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[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
⚫
[[Category:Solidago|virgaurea]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]




Revision as of 04:32, 6 June 2017

Solidago virgaurea
Solidago virgaurea minuta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Asterales
Family:
Asteraceae
Tribe:
Astereae
Genus:
Solidago
Species:
S. virgaurea
Binomial name
Solidago virgaurea
Synonyms[1]
Synonymy
  • Aster virgaurea (L.) Kuntze
  • Dectis decurrens Raf.
  • Doria virgaurea Scop.
  • Solidago cantoniensis Lour.
  • Solidago corsica (Rouy) A.W.Hill
  • Solidago minor Mill.
  • Solidago nudiflora Viv.
  • Solidago pygmaea Bertol.
  • Solidago vulgaris Lam.
  • Aster minutus (L.) Kuntze, syn of subsp. alpestris
  • Solidago armena Kem.-Nath. ex Grossh., syn of subsp. armena
  • Solidago japonica Kitam., syn of subsp. asiatica
  • Solidago calcicola (Fernald) Fernald, syn of var. calcicola
  • Solidago caucasica Kem.-Nath., syn of subsp. caucasica
  • Solidago dahurica Kitag., syn of subsp. dahurica
  • Solidago gebleri Juz., syn of subsp. dahurica
  • Solidago insularis Kitam., syn of subsp. insularis
  • Solidago jailarum Juz., syn of subsp. jailarum
  • Solidago lapponica With., syn of subsp. lapponica
  • Solidago macrorrhiza Lange, syn of subsp. macrorrhiza
  • Solidago alpestris Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd., syn of subsp. minuta
  • Solidago cambrica Huds., syn of subsp. minuta
  • Solidago minuta L., syn of subsp. minuta
  • Solidago stenophylla (G.E.Schultz) Tzvelev, syn of subsp. stenophylla
  • Solidago talyschensis Tzvelev, syn of subsp. talyschensis
  • Solidago taurica Juz., syn of subsp. taurica
  • Solidago turfosa Woronow ex Grossh., syn of subsp. turfosa

Solidago virgaurea (European goldenrod or woundwort) is an herbaceous perennial plant of the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across most of Europe as well as North Africa and northern, central, and southwestern Asia (China, Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, etc.).[2][3][4] It is grown as a garden flower with many different cultivars. It flowers profusely in late summer.

Solidago virgaurea is a perennial herb up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, with a branching underground caudex and a woody rhizome. It produces arrays of numerous small yellow flower heads at the top of the stem.[3]

Subspecies and varieties[1]
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. alpestris (Waldst. & Kit.) Gremli
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. armena (Grossh.) Greuter
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. asiatica Kitam. ex Hara
  • Solidago virgaurea var. calcicola Fernald
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. caucasica (Kem.-Nath.) Greuter
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. dahurica (Kitag.) Kitag.
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. gigantea (Nakai) Kitam.
  • Solidago virgaurea var. insularis (Kitam.) Hara
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. jailarum (Juz.) Tzvelev
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. lapponica (With.) Tzvelev
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. macrorrhiza (Lange) Nyman
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. minuta (L.) Arcang.
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. stenophylla (G.E.Schultz) Tzvelev
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. talyschensis (Tzvelev) Sennikov
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. taurica (Juz.) Tzvelev
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. turfosa (Woronow ex Grossh.) Greuter
  • Solidago virgaurea subsp. virgaurea
  • Solidago virgaurea var. virgaurea

Medicinal uses

This plant was cultivated in the Arab world, who used it in their medical system. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries it was used in Europe to heal wounds. It has astringent, diuretic, antiseptic and other properties.

Modern herbalists also use it to treat catarrh and kidney stones.[5] It is blended with other tonic herbs to cleanse or "flush" the kidneys and bladder, either as part of a healing fast, or to treat cystitis. In the case of a fast, it is made into a combined tincture as noted, taken with a supporting blend of herbal teas, and grape or watermelon juice is drunk through the day, alternating with Potassium broth.

References

  1. ^ a b The Plant List, Solidago virgaurea L.
  2. ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Verga d'oro comune, Solidago virgaurea L. includes photos and European distribution map
  3. ^ a b Flora of China, Solidago dahurica (Kitagawa) Kitagawa ex Juzepczuk, 1959. 兴安一枝黄花 xing an yi zhi huang hua
  4. ^ United States Department of Agriculture, Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
  5. ^ Howard, Michael. Traditional Folk Remedies (Century, 1987), p.145.

External links


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