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</ref><ref>https://americanindianimports.com/content/9_shallaki-natural-anti-inflammatory</ref>
</ref><ref>https://americanindianimports.com/content/9_shallaki-natural-anti-inflammatory</ref>
[[Image:Boswellia serrata (Salai) in Kinnarsani WS, AP W IMG_5843.jpg|thumb|250px|left|in [[Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. ]]
[[Image:Boswellia serrata (Salai) in Kinnarsani WS, AP W IMG_5843.jpg|thumb|250px|left|in [[Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. ]]
Extracts of ''Boswellia serrata'' have been clinically studied for [[osteoarthritis]] and joint function, particularly for osteoarthritis of the knee, with the research showing a slight improvement of both pain and function compared to a placebo.<ref>{{cite web |first1=M |last1=Cameron |first2=S |last2=Chrubasik |title=Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis |publisher=Cochrane Summaries |date=May 22, 2014 |url=http://summaries.cochrane.org/CD002947/oral-herbal-therapies-for-treating-osteoarthritis |accessdate=June 6, 2014}}</ref> Positive effects of ''Boswellia'' in some chronic inflammatory diseases including [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[Asthma|bronchial asthma]], osteoarthritis, [[ulcerative colitis]] and [[Crohn's disease]] have been reported.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Ammon | first1 = HP | year = 2010 | title = Modulation of the immune system by Boswellia serrata extracts and boswellic acids | url = | journal = Phytomedicine | volume = 17 | issue = 11| pages = 862–7 | doi=10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.003}}</ref> Some see ''Boswellia serrata'' as a promising alternative to [[NSAIDs]], warranting further investigation in pharmacological studies and clinical trials.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Abdel-Tawab | first1 = M | last2 = Werz | first2 = O | last3 = Schubert-Zsilavecz | first3 = M | date = Jun 2011 | title = Boswellia serrata: an overall assessment of in vitro, preclinical, pharmacokinetic and clinical data | url = | journal = Clin Pharmacokinet | volume = 50 | issue = 6| pages = 349–69 | doi=10.2165/11586800-000000000-00000 | pmid=21553931}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | pmc = 3309643 | pmid=22457547 | doi=10.4103/0250-474X.93507 | volume=73 | title=Boswellia serrata, a potential antiinflammatory agent: an overview | year=2011 | journal=Indian J Pharm Sci | pages=255–61 | last1 = Siddiqui | first1 = MZ}}</ref> It is also used in [[Iranian traditional medicine]] for diabetes.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Effects of Boswellia serrata Gum Resin on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile of Diabetic Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.|doi=10.1177/2515690X18772728|pmid=29774768|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2515690X18772728?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed}}</ref>
Extracts of ''Boswellia serrata'' have been clinically studied for [[osteoarthritis]] and joint function, particularly for osteoarthritis of the knee, with the research showing a slight improvement of both pain and function compared to a placebo.<ref>{{cite web |first1=M |last1=Cameron |first2=S |last2=Chrubasik |title=Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis |publisher=Cochrane Summaries |date=May 22, 2014 |url=http://summaries.cochrane.org/CD002947/oral-herbal-therapies-for-treating-osteoarthritis |accessdate=June 6, 2014}}</ref> Positive effects of ''Boswellia'' in some chronic inflammatory diseases including [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[Asthma|bronchial asthma]], osteoarthritis, [[ulcerative colitis]] and [[Crohn's disease]] have been reported.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Ammon | first1 = HP | year = 2010 | title = Modulation of the immune system by Boswellia serrata extracts and boswellic acids | url = | journal = Phytomedicine | volume = 17 | issue = 11| pages = 862–7 | doi=10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.003}}</ref> Some see ''Boswellia serrata'' as a promising alternative to [[NSAIDs]], warranting further investigation in pharmacological studies and clinical trials.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Abdel-Tawab | first1 = M | last2 = Werz | first2 = O | last3 = Schubert-Zsilavecz | first3 = M | date = Jun 2011 | title = Boswellia serrata: an overall assessment of in vitro, preclinical, pharmacokinetic and clinical data | url = | journal = Clin Pharmacokinet | volume = 50 | issue = 6| pages = 349–69 | doi=10.2165/11586800-000000000-00000 | pmid=21553931}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | pmc = 3309643 | pmid=22457547 | doi=10.4103/0250-474X.93507 | volume=73 | title=Boswellia serrata, a potential antiinflammatory agent: an overview | year=2011 | journal=Indian J Pharm Sci | pages=255–61 | last1 = Siddiqui | first1 = MZ}}</ref> It is also used in [[Iranian traditional medicine]] for [[diabetes]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Effects of Boswellia serrata Gum Resin on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile of Diabetic Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.|doi=10.1177/2515690X18772728|pmid=29774768|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2515690X18772728?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed}}</ref>


=== Topical application===
=== Topical application===

Revision as of 15:01, 24 May 2018

Boswellia serrata
in Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Burseraceae
Genus: Boswellia
Species:
B. serrata
Binomial name
Boswellia serrata

Boswellia serrata is a plant that produces Indian frankincense, Salai, referred to in Sanskrit as shallaki and in Latin as Olibanum Indicum.[1] the plant is native to much of India and the Punjab region that extends into Pakistan.[2] Boswellia serrata Roxb., is also known as ‘Indian olibanum’, ‘Indian frankincense’, ‘dhup’ and ‘salai’ or ‘salai guggul’ is found in Eastern India.[3]

Medical usage

In Ayurvedic medicine Indian frankincense has been used for hundreds of years for the treatment of arthritis.[4][5]

in Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Extracts of Boswellia serrata have been clinically studied for osteoarthritis and joint function, particularly for osteoarthritis of the knee, with the research showing a slight improvement of both pain and function compared to a placebo.[6] Positive effects of Boswellia in some chronic inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma, osteoarthritis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease have been reported.[7] Some see Boswellia serrata as a promising alternative to NSAIDs, warranting further investigation in pharmacological studies and clinical trials.[8][9] It is also used in Iranian traditional medicine for diabetes.[10]

Topical application

Boswellia serrata has been recently developed for topical use in a patent-pending formula in Sano Relief Gel. Boswellia serrata is used in the manufacture of the anti-wrinkle agent "Boswelox",[11] which has been criticised as being ineffective.[12]

Active constituents

Boswellia serrata contains chemical constituents mainly β-boswellic acid, acetyl-β-boswellic acid, 11-keto-β-boswellic acid and acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid.[13] Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is the most potent 5-lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitor which is responsible for inflammation.[14]

References

  1. ^ European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (2009). E/S/C/O/P Monographs: The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products. Second Edition, Supplement 2009. European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy. p. 184. ISBN 9781901964080.
  2. ^ "Boswellia serrata". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
  3. ^ Siddiqui, M. Z. (May 2011). "Boswellia serrata, a potential antiinflammatory agent: an overview". Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 73 (3): 255–261. doi:10.4103/0250-474X.93507. PMC 3309643. PMID 22457547.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  4. ^ "JOINT RELIEF". www.herbcompanion.com. Retrieved 2009-01-12.
  5. ^ https://americanindianimports.com/content/9_shallaki-natural-anti-inflammatory
  6. ^ Cameron, M; Chrubasik, S (May 22, 2014). "Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis". Cochrane Summaries. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
  7. ^ Ammon, HP (2010). "Modulation of the immune system by Boswellia serrata extracts and boswellic acids". Phytomedicine. 17 (11): 862–7. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.003.
  8. ^ Abdel-Tawab, M; Werz, O; Schubert-Zsilavecz, M (Jun 2011). "Boswellia serrata: an overall assessment of in vitro, preclinical, pharmacokinetic and clinical data". Clin Pharmacokinet. 50 (6): 349–69. doi:10.2165/11586800-000000000-00000. PMID 21553931.
  9. ^ Siddiqui, MZ (2011). "Boswellia serrata, a potential antiinflammatory agent: an overview". Indian J Pharm Sci. 73: 255–61. doi:10.4103/0250-474X.93507. PMC 3309643. PMID 22457547.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  10. ^ "The Effects of Boswellia serrata Gum Resin on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile of Diabetic Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial". doi:10.1177/2515690X18772728. PMID 29774768. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ^ Wrinkle breakthrough claim from L'Oreal
  12. ^ L'Oreal slammed over cream claims
  13. ^ Dragos, Dorin; Gilca, Marilena; Gaman, Laura; Vlad, Adelina; Iosif, Liviu; Stoian, Irina; Lupescu, Olivera (2017-01-16). "Phytomedicine in Joint Disorders". Nutrients. 9 (1). doi:10.3390/nu9010070. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 5295114. PMID 28275210.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  14. ^ Siddiqui, M. Z. (May 2011). "Boswellia serrata, a potential antiinflammatory agent: an overview 7". Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 73 (3): 255–261. doi:10.4103/0250-474X.93507. PMC 3309643. PMID 22457547.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
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