Marie-Lise Chanin
Marie-Lise Chanin (Marie-Lise, Paule, Andrée Lory) born on 26 September 1934 in Angers is a French scientist, geophysicist, aeronomist[1], director of research emeritus at the CNRS, author of works on the physics of the upper and middle atmosphere.
Biography
Training and activities
Marie-Lise Lory plans to study at the Beaux-Arts but is studying science ː bachelor's degree in mathematics, then studies physics (quantum optics). On the advice of Alfred Kastler and Jean Brossel[2] she enters a laboratory being created at the École normale supérieure, the Aeronomy Department. She gets married and has a son.
She obtains her licence de sciences in 1957, and her doctorate ès sciences in 1965. In 1959, she joined the CNRS as a research trainee, where she spent her entire professional career until her academic retirement in 2000, becoming research director in 1986.
She was elected a corresponding member of the French Academy of sciences on 26 March 1990, in the Sciences of the Universe section[3]. Throughout her career, she assumed many responsibilities[4]ː member of the High Council of Meteorology, member of the Environment Committee of the French Academy of sciences (since 2005), French representative to the ICSU (International Council of Scientific Unions), member of the Scientific Council of the Centre for Unconventional Hydrocarbons, President of the French National Committee of Geodesy and Geophysics (1986-1990), among others.
She is also a member of the French Academy of Technologies, the Académie de l'Air et de l'Espace and the Academia Europaea.
Awards
Decorations
Grand Officier of the Légion d'honneur. She was made a Chevalier on September 26, 1996, and was promoted to Officier on December 31, 2005[5], Commandeur on March 29, 2013[6] , before being raised to the dignity of Grand Officier on December 30, 2017[7].
Grand Officier of the Ordre National du Mérite. She was raised to the dignity of Grand Officier on 30 December 2017[8]. She had been Commandeur since November 28, 2000.
Prizes
His research has won numerous awards:
- Intercosmos Prize of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1974);
- CNRS silver medal (1983).
- Deslandres Prize of the French Academy of sciences (1988) ;
- prize of the Laboratories of the French Academy of sciences (1996);
- Vermeil Medal of the National Academy of Air and Space (1999);
- Prize of the International Academy of Astronautics (2006);
- NASA Group Achievement Award to UARS Team (2006).
Scientific Works
Research topics
Marie-Lise Chanin has devoted her research to the physics of the upper and middle atmosphere, which has led her to an interest in the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere and climate change[9]. She first studied the upper armosphere: her thesis (directed by Jacques Blamont) is devoted to the measurement of the temperature of the upper atmosphere. She used the optical resonance of alkaline atoms emitted into the atmosphere by rockets and her measurements revealed the influence of solar activity and particle precipitation. She then developed methods for probing the atmosphere by laser or lidar, which allow temperature measurements over a distance of 10 to 100 km. She highlighted the cooling of the stratosphere under the influence of greenhouse gases. It clarified the role of the stratosphere on the climate and the influence of the air fleet on the environment.
Publications
She has published approximately 200 articles in peer-reviewed journals[10] and has contributed to numerous reports.
French-language publications include ː
- L'école de l'espace, le service d'aéronomie, 1958-2008, Histoire et Science (co-author Roald Sagdeev), 2008 CNRS éditions 528 p.
- Interactions Chimie Atmosphérique Climat, in Ensemble face aux changements climatiques, Odile Jacob, 2007
- Impact de la flotte aérienne sur l’environnement et le climat, rapport No 40 de l’Académie des Sciences, Décembre 1997
- Le méthane : d’où vient-il et quel son impact sur le climat ? Rapport de l’Académie des technologies, 2014 (avec André J.-C., Boucher O., Bousquet P., et autres)
- L’évolution de l’ozone atmosphérique. Rapport de l’académie des sciences. Lavoisier Paris 2015.
- ^ "Marie-Lise Chanin, précurseur de l'aéronomie". canalacademie.com.
- ^ Marie-Lise Chanin. "Marie-Lise Chanin". future-sciences.com.
- ^ "Académie des sciences".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Marie-Lise Chanin". academie-sciences.fr.
- ^ Décret du 31 décembre 2005 portant promotion et nomination
- ^ Décret du 29 mars 2013 portant promotion
- ^ Décret du 30 décembre 2017 portant élévation aux dignités de grand'croix et de grand officier JORF n°0305 du 31 décembre 2017 texte n° 16 NOR: PREX1732402D
- ^ Décret du 13 novembre 2009 portant élévation aux dignités de grand'croix et de grand officier JORF n°0265 du 15 novembre 2009 page 19728 texte n° 1 NOR: PREX0922130D
- ^ Article ([[Special:EditPage/{{{1}}}|edit]] | [[Talk:{{{1}}}|talk]] | [[Special:PageHistory/{{{1}}}|history]] | [[Special:ProtectPage/{{{1}}}|protect]] | [[Special:DeletePage/{{{1}}}|delete]] | [{{fullurl:Special:Whatlinkshere/{{{1}}}|limit=999}} links] | [{{fullurl:{{{1}}}|action=watch}} watch] | logs | views)
- ^ "Google Scholar".