Đurađ Crnojević: Difference between revisions

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| caption =
| caption =
| alt =
| alt =
| CoA = [[File:Coat of arms Djuradj Crnojevic.svg|130px]]
| CoA = [[File:Coat of Arms of Crnojević dynasty.svg|130px]]
| more = no
| more = no
| reign = 1490–1496
| reign = 1490–1496
| reign-type =
|tenure=| reign-type =
| predecessor = [[Ivan I Crnojević]]
| predecessor = [[Ivan I Crnojević]]
| successor = [[Stefan II Crnojević]]
| successor = [[Stefan II Crnojević]]
| suc-type = Succeeded by his brother
| suc-type = Succeeded by his brother
| succession =
| succession =
| spouse =
| spouse =[[Thopia family|Elena Thopia]]<br>Elisabetta Erizzo
| spouse-type =
| spouse-type =
| issue =
| issue =
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| house-type =
| house-type =
| father = [[Ivan Crnojević]]
| father = [[Ivan Crnojević]]
| mother = Goisava [[Arianiti family|Arianiti]]
| mother = [[Arianiti family| Goisava Arianiti]]
| birth_date = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} -->
| birth_date = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} -->
| birth_place =
| birth_place =
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| burial_date =
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| religion = [[Serbian Orthodox Church|Serb Orthodox Christian]]
| religion =
| occupation =
| occupation =
}}
}}


'''Đurađ Crnojević''' (Cyrillic: Ђурађ Црноjeвић, {{lang-cu|Гюргь Цьрноевыкь}}; d. 1514) was the last Montenegrin medieval [[Zeta under the Crnojevići|Lord of Zeta]]<ref name=Slijepcevic-Balsic43>Slijepčević 1974, p. 43: "Према Карлу Хопфу и Балшићи и Црнојевићи »припадају без спора српскоме племену».</ref> between 1490 and 1496, from the Crnojevic dynasty. The son of [[Ivan Crnojević]] and Goisava [[Arianiti family|Arianiti]], he was the founder of the [[Printing House of Crnojevići|first South Slavic printing house]].<ref name="Fine1994">{{cite book|last=Fine|first=John Van Antwerp|title=The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC&pg=PA603|access-date=19 January 2012|year=1994|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=978-0-472-08260-5|page=603}}</ref> Crnojević styled himself ''"Duke of Zeta"''. He was well known by his great education, knowledge of astronomy, geometry and other sciences.
'''Đurađ Crnojević''' ({{lang-sr-cyr|Ђурађ Црноjeвић}}, {{lang-cu|Гюргь Цьрноевыкь}}; d. 1514) was the last Serbian medieval [[Zeta under the Crnojevići|Lord of Zeta]]<ref name=Slijepcevic-Balsic43>Slijepčević 1974, p. 43: "Према Карлу Хопфу и Балшићи и Црнојевићи »припадају без спора српскоме племену».</ref> between 1490 and 1496, from the Crnojevic dynasty. The son of [[Ivan Crnojević]] and Goisava [[Arianiti family|Arianiti]], he was the founder of the [[Printing House of Crnojevići|first Serbian printing house]].<ref name="Fine1994">{{cite book|last=Fine|first=John Van Antwerp|title=The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC&pg=PA603|access-date=19 January 2012|year=1994|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=978-0-472-08260-5|page=603}}</ref> Crnojević styled himself ''"Duke of Zeta"''. He was well known by his great education, knowledge of astronomy, geometry and other sciences.


During his short-term reign he became famous for making efforts to spread the cultural heritage rather than for his political successes. The [[Ottomans]] made him leave Zeta in 1496. His brother [[Stefan II Crnojević|Stefan]] inherited his position of the Lord of Zeta. In 1497 Venetians imprisoned Đurađ for some time, accusing him to be an Ottoman collaborator.{{Sfn|Veselinović|Ljušić|2008|p=129}} He again spent some time in Venetian prison in period between 30 July and 25 October 1498. This time the Ottomans insisted that Venetians should put him into prison, which they eventually did.{{Sfn|Plamenac|Bojović|1997|p=503}} On 22 October 1499 he wrote his testament, which is considered as valuable literature work of its time.{{Sfn|Likovna|1990|p=353}}
During his short-term reign he became famous for making efforts to spread the cultural heritage rather than for his political successes. The [[Ottoman Turks|Ottomans]] made him leave Zeta in 1496. His brother [[Stefan II Crnojević|Stefan]] inherited his position of the Lord of Zeta. In 1497 Venetians imprisoned Đurađ for some time, accusing him to be an Ottoman collaborator.{{Sfn|Veselinović|Ljušić|2008|p=129}} He again spent some time in Venetian prison in period between 30 July and 25 October 1498. This time the Ottomans insisted that Venetians should put him into prison, which they eventually did.{{Sfn|Plamenac|Bojović|1997|p=503}} On 22 October 1499 he wrote his testament, which is considered as valuable literature work of its time.{{Sfn|Likovna|1990|p=353}}


In the spring of 1500 Đurađ Crnojević came to Scutari, based on the invitation of [[Feriz Beg]] who instructed Crnojević to travel to Istanbul. In Istanbul Crnojević officially ceded his possessions to the sultan who granted him an estate ([[timar]]) in [[Anatolia]]{{Sfn|Plavšić|1959|p=52}} {{Sfn|Emecen|2021|p=1}} to govern it as its [[sipahi]].{{Sfn|Martinović|1983|p=12}}
In the spring of 1500 Đurađ Crnojević came to Scutari, based on the invitation of [[Feriz Beg]] who instructed Crnojević to travel to Istanbul. In Istanbul Crnojević officially ceded his possessions to the sultan who granted him an estate ([[timar]]) in [[Anatolia]]{{Sfn|Plavšić|1959|p=52}} {{Sfn|Emecen|2021|p=1}} to govern it as its [[sipahi]].{{Sfn|Martinović|1983|p=12}}


Although he was removed from the historical scene, his books remained as a great contribution to the Montenegrin culture. With the help of [[Hieromonk Makarije]] he printed five books of importance to the Montenegrin cultural heritage: ''Oktoih prvoglasnik'' (1493/94), ''Oktoih petoglasnik'' (1494), ''Psaltir s posljedovanjem'' (1495), ''Trebnik'' (prayer book; 1495/96), and ''Četvorojevanđelje'' (probably 1496).
Although he was removed from the historical scene, his books remained as a great contribution to the [[Serb]]ian culture. With the help of [[Hieromonk Makarije]] he printed five books of importance to the Serbian cultural heritage: ''Oktoih prvoglasnik'' (1493/94), ''Oktoih petoglasnik'' (1494), ''Psaltir s posljedovanjem'' (1495), ''Trebnik'' (prayer book; 1495/96), and ''Četvorojevanđelje'' (probably 1496).


==Ancestry==
==Ancestry==
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|1= 1. '''Đurađ Crnojević'''
|1= 1. '''Đurađ Crnojević'''
|2= 2. [[Ivan Crnojević]]
|2= 2. [[Ivan Crnojević]]
|3= 3. Gojislava or Voisava
|3= 3. Goisava Arianiti
|4= 4. [[Stefan I Crnojević]]
|4= 4. [[Stefan I Crnojević]]
|5= 5. Mara
|5= 5. Mara Kastrioti
|6= 6. [[Gjergj Arianiti]]
|6= 6. [[Gjergj Arianiti]]
|7= 7. [[Maria Muzaka]]
|7= 7. [[Maria Muzaka]]
|8= 8. [[Đurađ Đurašević]]
|8= 8. [[Đurađ Đurašević]]
|9= 9. Jelena
|9= 9. daughter of Koia Zaharia
|10= 10. [[Gjon Kastrioti]]
|10= 10. [[Gjon Kastrioti]]
|11= 11. [[Voisava Tripalda]]
|11= 11. [[Voisava Tripalda|Voisava Tripalda Muzaka]]
|12= 12. [[Komnen Arianiti]]
|12= 12. [[Komnen Arianiti]]
|13= 13. daughter of Nicholas Saccati-Zaharia
|16= 16. [[Radič Crnojević]]
|16= 16. [[Radič Crnojević]]
|17= 17. Jelena
|18= 18. [[Koja Zaharia|Koia Zaharia]]
|19= 19. Boxia Dukagjini
|20= 20. [[Pal Kastrioti]]
|20= 20. [[Pal Kastrioti]]
|22= 22. [[Domenico Moncino Musachi|Domenico Muzaka]]
|26= 26. [[Zaharia family| Nicholas Zaharia]]
|28= 28. Gjin Muzaka I
|29= 29. Zanfina Arianiti
|30= 30. [[John Zenevisi|Gjon Zenebishi]]
|31= 31. daughter of [[Gjin Bua Shpata]]|14= 14. Andrea Muzaka III
|15= 15. Anna Zenebishi, Lady of Grabossa
}}
}}
His grandmother from his father's side was a sister of [[Skanderbeg]]. This made Đurađ Skanderbeg's grandnephew and through his mother he was the grandson of [[Gjergj Arianiti]] and nephew of Scanderbeg's wife [[Donika Kastrioti]] .
His grandmother from his father's side was a sister of [[Skanderbeg]]. This made Đurađ Skanderbeg's grandnephew and through his mother he was the grandson of [[Gjergj Arianiti]] and nephew of Scanderbeg's wife [[Donika Kastrioti]] .
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[[Category:15th-century births]]
[[Category:15th-century births]]
[[Category:1514 deaths]]
[[Category:1514 deaths]]
[[Category:15th-century rulers in Europe]]
[[Category:15th-century lords in Europe]]
[[Category:15th-century Serbian nobility]]
[[Category:15th-century Serbian nobility]]
[[Category:15th-century Venetian people]]
[[Category:15th-century Venetian people]]

Latest revision as of 18:01, 20 April 2024

This article is about the Lord of Zeta (1490–1496). For the military commander, see Đurađ Đurašević.
Đurađ Crnojević
Lord of Zeta
Coat of arms
Reign1490–1496
PredecessorIvan I Crnojević
Succeeded by his brotherStefan II Crnojević
Died1514
Noble familyCrnojević noble family
Spouse(s)Elena Thopia
Elisabetta Erizzo
FatherIvan Crnojević
Mother Goisava Arianiti

Đurađ Crnojević (Serbian Cyrillic: Ђурађ Црноjeвић, Church Slavonic: Гюргь Цьрноевыкь; d. 1514) was the last Serbian medieval Lord of Zeta[1] between 1490 and 1496, from the Crnojevic dynasty. The son of Ivan Crnojević and Goisava Arianiti, he was the founder of the first Serbian printing house.[2] Crnojević styled himself "Duke of Zeta". He was well known by his great education, knowledge of astronomy, geometry and other sciences.

During his short-term reign he became famous for making efforts to spread the cultural heritage rather than for his political successes. The Ottomans made him leave Zeta in 1496. His brother Stefan inherited his position of the Lord of Zeta. In 1497 Venetians imprisoned Đurađ for some time, accusing him to be an Ottoman collaborator.[3] He again spent some time in Venetian prison in period between 30 July and 25 October 1498. This time the Ottomans insisted that Venetians should put him into prison, which they eventually did.[4] On 22 October 1499 he wrote his testament, which is considered as valuable literature work of its time.[5]

In the spring of 1500 Đurađ Crnojević came to Scutari, based on the invitation of Feriz Beg who instructed Crnojević to travel to Istanbul. In Istanbul Crnojević officially ceded his possessions to the sultan who granted him an estate (timar) in Anatolia[6] [7] to govern it as its sipahi.[8]

Although he was removed from the historical scene, his books remained as a great contribution to the Serbian culture. With the help of Hieromonk Makarije he printed five books of importance to the Serbian cultural heritage: Oktoih prvoglasnik (1493/94), Oktoih petoglasnik (1494), Psaltir s posljedovanjem (1495), Trebnik (prayer book; 1495/96), and Četvorojevanđelje (probably 1496).

Ancestry[edit]

His grandmother from his father's side was a sister of Skanderbeg. This made Đurađ Skanderbeg's grandnephew and through his mother he was the grandson of Gjergj Arianiti and nephew of Scanderbeg's wife Donika Kastrioti .

References[edit]

  1. ^ Slijepčević 1974, p. 43: "Према Карлу Хопфу и Балшићи и Црнојевићи »припадају без спора српскоме племену».
  2. ^ Fine, John Van Antwerp (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. p. 603. ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5. Retrieved 19 January 2012.
  3. ^ Veselinović & Ljušić 2008, p. 129.
  4. ^ Plamenac & Bojović 1997, p. 503.
  5. ^ Likovna 1990, p. 353.
  6. ^ Plavšić 1959, p. 52.
  7. ^ Emecen 2021, p. 1.
  8. ^ Martinović 1983, p. 12.

Sources[edit]

Đurađ Crnojević
Born: unknown Died: 1514
Preceded by Lord of Zeta
1489–1496 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Đurađ_Crnojević&oldid=1219921194"