Gjin Bua Shpata

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The partial principalities of the Albanian magnates in the crumbling Serbian Empire, around 1360

Gjin Bua Shpata (also Ghin Bua Spata ; Serbian - Cyrillic Ђин Буа Спата ; Middle Greek Γκίνης Μπούϊας Σπάτας or Ιωάννης Μπούας Σπάθας ; † October 29, 1399 ) was an Albanian prince.

Life

Gjin was a member of the Albanian noble family of the Bue Shpata , whose existence has been attested since 1304. They came under the government of the Serbian Tsar Stefan Dušan (1345-1355) to greater power and prestige. Gjin's grandfather Nikola Bua Shpata was protobestarios at the imperial court in Skopje from 1345 to 1349 . His father Peter Bua is referred to as Lord of Delvino and Angelokastro in the Despotate of Epirus in 1354 , his brother Sguros Shpata was Lord of Naupaktos (Lepanto).

In 1356 Gjin Bua Shpata conquered the fortress Argyrokastro from the despot of Ioannina , Nikephorus II. Dukas , who had returned to Epirus from the Byzantine exile after the death of Stefan Dušan . When the troops of the Serbian pretender Simeon Uroš Palaiologos approached from Thessaly , Bua Shpata allied himself with Leonardo I Tocco , Count Palatine of Kefalonia and Duke of Leukada .

In the spring / summer of 1359 a coalition of rebellious Albanian tribal leaders, including Bua Shpata, defeated Nikephorus II in the battle of the Acheloos . The remaining territory of the Despotate Epirus was divided up: while Tsar Simeon Uroš installed his son-in-law Thomas Preljubović as governor of Ioannina, he had to leave Bua Shpata to rule over Aetolia-Akarnania with the main fortresses Angelokastro and Acheloos ; north adjacent prevailed Peter Losha over Arta and Rogoi . The two Albanian magnates recognized the suzerainty of the Thessalian Nemanjid emperor , who in return granted them despotism in 1359 or a little later , thereby enhancing the legitimacy of their rule.

After Losha's death in 1374, Bua Shpata also brought Arta under his control. His dominion now extended from the Gulf of Corinth to the Acheron . The conflict with Thomas Preljubović was resolved diplomatically after an unsuccessful siege of Ioannina, when Bua Shpata became engaged to his sister Helena . In 1376/77 he annexed the port of Naupaktos.

In April 1378 the Johanniter invaded the Despotate Arta under the Grand Master Juan Fernández de Heredia and conquered Naupaktos and Vonitsa . Shpata was able to capture Fernandez and bring Naupaktos back into his possession by 1380. In the same year the Albanians and Wlachen fought off an attack by Preljubović on the Upper Kalamas , which was supported by Ottoman troops from Thessaly.

The sudden death of Preljubović in December 1384 prompted Bua Shpata to attack Ioannina again; However, he failed because of the defensive arrangements made by Esau de 'Buondelmonti . The peace that followed was short-lived; after the battle on the blackbird field (1389) , Bua Shpata used the absence of the Ottoman military power for another raid into the area around Ioannina. The confrontation with Esau de 'Buondelmonti was only settled in 1396, when he married Bua Shpata's daughter Irene ; Another daughter Shpatas, not known by name, became the wife of the sebastocrator Gjin Zenevisi , Lord of Delvino.

Gjin Bua Shpata died on October 29, 1399. His successor as Prince of Arta was his relative Muriq Shpata .

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literature

  • Jean Darrouzès (ed.): Les Regestes des Actes du patriarcat de Constantinople. Vol. 1: Les Actes des patriarches. Fasc. 6: Les Regestes de 1377 à 1410. Institut français d'études byzantines, Paris 1979, ISBN 2-901049-26-5 , No. 2714.
  • Robert Elsie : A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History. IB Tauris, London 2012, ISBN 978-1-78076-431-3 .
  • Robert Elsie, Bejtullah D. Destani, Rudina Jasini (Eds.): The Cham Albanians of Greece: A Documentary History. IB Tauris, London 2012, ISBN 978-1-78076-000-1 , p. XXXI.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Деспоти у Византији и Јужнословенским земљама (= Посебна издања . Vol. 336; Византолошки институт Vol. 8.). Српска академија наука и уметности, Београд 1960, p. 168.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Тесалија у XIII и XIV веку (= Посебна издања . Vol. 15). Византолошки институт САНУ, Београд 1974, pp. 265–281.
  • John Van Antwerp Fine: The Late Medieval Balkans: A critical Survey from the late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor MI 1994, ISBN 0-472-08260-4 .
  • Nicholas GL Hammond: Migrations and invasions in Greece and adjacent areas. Noyes Press, Park Ridge NJ 1976, ISBN 0-8155-5047-2 .
  • Donald M. Nicol : The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479. A contribution to the history of Greece in the middle ages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1984, ISBN 0-521-26190-2 .
  • Brendan Osswald: The Ethnic Composition of Medieval Epirus. In: Steven G. Ellis, Lud'a Klusáková (Ed.): Imagining Frontiers, Contesting Identities (= Creating links and innovative overviews for a New History Research Agenda for the citizens of a growing Europe. Vol. 2). Edizioni Plus, Pisa 2007, ISBN 978-88-8492-466-7 , pp. 125-154.
  • Giuseppe Schiró: La genealogia degli Spata tra il XIV e XV sec. E due Bua sconosciouti. In: Rivista di studi bizantini e neoellenici Ser. NS. Vol. 8-9, 1971-1972, ISSN  0557-1367 , pp. 67-86.
  • Oliver Jens Schmitt : The Venetian Albania (1392–1479) (= Southeast European works. Vol. 110). Oldenbourg, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-486-56569-9 , p. 219.
  • George Christos Soulis: The Serbs and Byzantium during the reign of Tsar Stephen Dušan (1331-1355) and his successors. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington DC 1984, ISBN 0-88402-137-8 , OCLC 59251762 .
  • Mihail-Dimitri Sturdza: Dictionnaire Historique et Généalogique des Grandes Familles de Grèce, d'Albanie et de Constantinople. 2nd Edition. Self-published, Paris 1999, p. 234, ISBN 904747 , OCLC 185257258 .
  • Erich Trapp , Hans-Veit Beyer, Ioannes G. Leontiades, Sokrates Kaplaneres: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit . 11. Fascicle: Σκαβαλέρος - Τιχόμηρος (= Publications of the Commission for Byzantine Studies . Vol. 1/11). Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-7001-1878-3 , pp. 59–61 No. 26523.

Remarks

  1. ^ Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit , 11, p. 59.
  2. ^ Elsie: Dictionary , p. 413 f.
  3. ↑ Fine: Late Medieval Balkans , p. 348 f.
  4. ^ Nicol: Despotate , p. 142.
  5. ↑ Osswald: Ethnic Composition , p. 151.
  6. ^ Nicol: Despotate , p. 142.
  7. ↑ Nicol: Despotate , p. 146.
  8. ^ Fine: Late Medieval Balkans , p. 401.
  9. ^ Hammond: Migrations , p. 59.
  10. ↑ Soulis: Serbs , p. 130.
  11. ^ Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit , 11, p. 60.
  12. ^ Fine: Late Medieval Balkans , p. 355.
personal data
SURNAME Gjin Bua Shpata
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ghin Bua Spata; Ђин Буа Спата (SrS); Γκίνης Μπούϊας Σπάτας (Middle Greek); Ιωάννης Μπούας Σπάθας (Middle Greek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Albanian prince in Aetolia-Akarnania and Epirus, despot under Tsar Simeon Uroš Palaiologos
DATE OF BIRTH before 1356
DATE OF DEATH October 29, 1399