Alphadon: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Reverted edits by 174.22.122.114 (talk) to last version by ShortDescBot
Couldn't find a single source for the name meaning "First tooth", and while it's possible that that's what it meant, it's not clear
 
(11 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Extinct family of mammals}}
{{Short description|Extinct genus of mammals}}
{{more citations needed|date = December 2016}}
{{automatic taxobox
{{automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = [[Late Cretaceous]], {{Fossil range|100.5|66.043}}<ref>J. G. Eaton. 1993. Therian mammals from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) Dakota Formation, southwestern Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13(1):105-124</ref>
| fossil_range = [[Late Cretaceous]], {{Fossil range|100.5|66}}<ref>J. G. Eaton. 1993. Therian mammals from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) Dakota Formation, southwestern Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13(1):105-124</ref>
| image = Alphadon sp. - MUSE.jpg
| image = Alphadon sp. - MUSE.jpg
| image_caption = Reconstruction of ''Alphadon'' sp.
| image_caption = Reconstruction of ''Alphadon'' sp.
| taxon = Alphadon
| taxon = Alphadon
| authority = [[George Gaylord Simpson|Simpson]], 1927
| authority = [[George Gaylord Simpson|Simpson]], 1927
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]<ref name="Mikkos">{{Cite web
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision_ref = <ref name="Mikkos">{{Cite web
| last = Haaramo | first = Mikko
| last = Haaramo | first = Mikko
| title = Alphadontidae
| title = Alphadontidae
Line 24: Line 24:
}}
}}


'''''Alphadon''''' (meaning "first tooth") was a genus of small, primitive [[mammal]] that was a member of the [[metatheria]]ns, a group of mammals that includes modern-day [[marsupials]]. Its fossils were first discovered and named by [[George Gaylord Simpson]] in 1929.<ref name="Mikkos"/>
'''''Alphadon''''' is an extinct genus of small, primitive [[mammal]] that was a member of the [[metatheria]]ns, a group of mammals that includes modern-day [[marsupials]]. Its fossils were first discovered and named by [[George Gaylord Simpson]] in 1929.<ref name="Mikkos"/>


==Description==
==Description==


Not much is known about the appearance of ''Alphadon'', as it is only known from teeth, a lower jaw and skull fragments. It probably grew to about {{Convert|12|in|cm|abbr=on}} and may have resembled a modern [[opossum]].<ref name="jehle">{{Cite web | last = Jehle | first = Martin | title = Marsupials: A southern success story | publisher = Paleocene mammals of the world |date=August 2005 | url = http://www.paleocene-mammals.de/marsupials.htm}}</ref> Judging from its teeth, it was likely an [[omnivore]], feeding on fruits, invertebrates and possibly small vertebrates. ''Alphadon'' had a very good sense of smell and sight to track down its food, both during the day and night. Its possible whiskers could have also aided in its forge for food.<ref>{{cite journal |title=''Alphadon halleyi'' (Didelphidae, Marsupialia) from the Two Medicine Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of Montana |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |year=1988 |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=378–382 |first=Marisol |last=Montellano|doi=10.1080/02724634.1988.10011726 }}</ref><ref name="jehle"/>
Not much is known about the appearance of ''Alphadon'', as it is only known from teeth, a lower jaw and skull fragments. It probably grew to about {{Convert|12|in|cm|abbr=on}} and may have resembled a modern [[opossum]].<ref name="jehle">{{Cite web | last = Jehle | first = Martin | title = Marsupials: A southern success story | publisher = Paleocene mammals of the world |date=August 2005 | url = http://www.paleocene-mammals.de/marsupials.htm}}</ref> Judging from its teeth, it was likely an [[omnivore]], feeding on fruits, invertebrates and possibly small vertebrates. ''Alphadon'' had a very good sense of smell and sight to track down its food, both during the day and night. Its possible whiskers could have also aided in its search for food.<ref>{{cite journal |title=''Alphadon halleyi'' (Didelphidae, Marsupialia) from the Two Medicine Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of Montana |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |year=1988 |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=378–382 |first=Marisol |last=Montellano|doi=10.1080/02724634.1988.10011726 }}</ref><ref name="jehle"/>


==Taxonomy and classification==
==Taxonomy and classification==


The Alphadon's classified type is the ''Alphadon marshi''. Eight other species are known.<ref name="Mikkos"/>
The type species is ''Alphadon marshi''. Eight other species are known.<ref name="Mikkos"/>

The species ''Alphadon jasoni'' was originally described by Storer (1991);<ref>Storer, J.E. (1991). The mammals of the Gryde local fauna, Frenchman Formation ([[Maastrichtian]]: [[Lancian]]), Saskatchewan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 350-396.</ref> it was subsequently transferred to the [[Herpetotheriidae|herpetotheriid]] genus ''[[Nortedelphys]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Thomas E. Williamson |author2=Stephen L. Brusatte |author3=Thomas D. Carr |author4=Anne Weil |author5=Barbara R. Standhardt |title=The phylogeny and evolution of Cretaceous–Palaeogene metatherians: cladistic analysis and description of new early Palaeocene specimens from the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=625–651 |year=2012 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2011.631592 }}</ref>
The species ''Alphadon jasoni'' was originally described by Storer (1991);<ref>Storer, J.E. (1991). The mammals of the Gryde local fauna, Frenchman Formation ([[Maastrichtian]]: [[Lancian]]), Saskatchewan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 350-396.</ref> it was subsequently transferred to the [[Herpetotheriidae|herpetotheriid]] genus ''[[Nortedelphys]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Thomas E. Williamson |author2=Stephen L. Brusatte |author3=Thomas D. Carr |author4=Anne Weil |author5=Barbara R. Standhardt |title=The phylogeny and evolution of Cretaceous–Palaeogene metatherians: cladistic analysis and description of new early Palaeocene specimens from the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=625–651 |year=2012 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2011.631592 }}</ref>


Latest revision as of 02:34, 31 March 2024

Alphadon
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous, 100.5–66 Ma [1]
Reconstruction of Alphadon sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Family: †Alphadontidae
Genus: †Alphadon
Simpson, 1927
Species[2]
  • A. marshi (type)
    Simpson, 1927
  • A. wilsoni
    Lillegraven, 1969
  • A. halleyi
    Sahni, 1972
  • A. attaragos
    Lillegraven & McKenna, 1986
  • A. sahnii
    Lillegraven & McKenna, 1986
  • A. clemensi
    Eaton, 1993
  • A. lillegraveni
    Eaton, 1993
  • A. perexiguus
    Cifelli, 1994
  • A. eatoni
    Cifelli & Muizon, 1998

Alphadon is an extinct genus of small, primitive mammal that was a member of the metatherians, a group of mammals that includes modern-day marsupials. Its fossils were first discovered and named by George Gaylord Simpson in 1929.[2]

Description[edit]

Not much is known about the appearance of Alphadon, as it is only known from teeth, a lower jaw and skull fragments. It probably grew to about 12 in (30 cm) and may have resembled a modern opossum.[3] Judging from its teeth, it was likely an omnivore, feeding on fruits, invertebrates and possibly small vertebrates. Alphadon had a very good sense of smell and sight to track down its food, both during the day and night. Its possible whiskers could have also aided in its search for food.[4][3]

Taxonomy and classification[edit]

The type species is Alphadon marshi. Eight other species are known.[2] The species Alphadon jasoni was originally described by Storer (1991);[5] it was subsequently transferred to the herpetotheriid genus Nortedelphys.[6]

Recent phylogenetic studies group it with other northern non-marsupial metatherians such as Albertatherium and Turgidodon.[7][8] A 2016 phylogenetic analysis is shown below.[9]

Marsupialiformes

References[edit]

  1. ^ J. G. Eaton. 1993. Therian mammals from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) Dakota Formation, southwestern Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13(1):105-124
  2. ^ a b c Haaramo, Mikko (August 2003). "Alphadontidae". Mikko's Phylogeny Archive.
  3. ^ a b Jehle, Martin (August 2005). "Marsupials: A southern success story". Paleocene mammals of the world.
  4. ^ Montellano, Marisol (1988). "Alphadon halleyi (Didelphidae, Marsupialia) from the Two Medicine Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of Montana". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 8 (4): 378–382. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011726.
  5. ^ Storer, J.E. (1991). The mammals of the Gryde local fauna, Frenchman Formation (Maastrichtian: Lancian), Saskatchewan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 350-396.
  6. ^ Thomas E. Williamson; Stephen L. Brusatte; Thomas D. Carr; Anne Weil; Barbara R. Standhardt (2012). "The phylogeny and evolution of Cretaceous–Palaeogene metatherians: cladistic analysis and description of new early Palaeocene specimens from the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 10 (4): 625–651. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.631592.
  7. ^ Guillermo W. Rougier; Brian M. Davis; Michael J. Novacek (2015). "A deltatheroidan mammal from the Upper Cretaceous Baynshiree Formation, eastern Mongolia". Cretaceous Research. 52, Part A: 167–177. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2014.09.009.
  8. ^ S. Bi, X. Jin, S. Li and T. Du. 2015. A new Cretaceous metatherian mammal from Henan, China. PeerJ 3:e896
  9. ^ Wilson, G.P.; Ekdale, E.G.; Hoganson, J.W.; Calede, J.J.; Linden, A.V. (2016). "A large carnivorous mammal from the Late Cretaceous and the North American origin of marsupials". Nature Communications. 7: 13734. doi:10.1038/ncomms13734. PMC 5155139. PMID 27929063.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alphadon&oldid=1216453040"