Avagraha

Avagraha (ऽ) is a symbol used to indicate prodelision of an अ (a) in many South Asian languages like Sanskrit (संस्कृतम्), Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ), Telugu, Hindi etc as shown below. It is usually transliterated with an apostrophe in Roman script and, in case of Devanagari, as in the Sanskrit philosophical expression शिवोऽहम् Śivo’ham (Śivaḥ aham), which is a sandhi of (शिवः + अहम्) ‘I am Shiva’. The avagraha is also used for prolonging vowel sounds in some languages, for example Hindi माँऽऽऽ! for ‘Mãããã!’ when calling to one’s mother, or when transliterating foreign words in instant messaging: for example, 'cool' can be transliterated as कूऽल.

In some languages specialy in poem in the last (…)three dots are used which is Alternative of this 'ಽ' symbol ,which indicates to elongate the word/letter.

In case of Hindi, the character is also sometimes used as a symbol to denote long or heavy syllables, in metrical poetry. For example, the syllables in the word छंदः chandaḥ ‘metre’ (in nominative) can be denoted as "ऽऽ", meaning two long syllables. (Cf. other notations in entry "Systems of scansion".)

Avagraha in Unicode

The avagraha symbol is encoded at several Unicode points, for various Brahmic scripts that use it.

Avagraha characters in Unicode

Character	Unicode character number	Full Unicode name
ऽ	U+093D	Devanagari sign avagraha
꣱	U+A8F1	Combining Devanagari sign avagraha
ꣷ	U+A8F7	Devanagari sign candrabindu avagraha
ঽ	U+09BD	Bengali sign avagraha
ઽ	U+0ABD	Gujarati sign avagraha
ଽ	U+0B3D	Odia sign avagraha
ఽ	U+0C3D	Telugu sign avagraha
ಽ	U+0CBD	Kannada sign avagraha
ഽ	U+0D3D	Malayalam sign avagraha
ᮺ	U+1BBA	Sundanese sign avagraha
𑓄	U+114C4	Tirhuta sign avagraha
྅	U+0F85	Tibetan sign paluta