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{{Short description|Subcompany of the Royal-Dutch-Shell-oil company}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM)
| name = Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM)
| logo = BPM Logo.jpg
| logo = House Flag of the Batavian Oil Company.svg
| caption =
| logo_caption = [[House flag]]
| type =
| type = [[subsidiary]]
| traded_as =
| traded_as =
| genre = <!-- Only used with media and publishing companies -->
| genre = <!-- Only used with media and publishing companies -->
| fate =
| fate =
| predecessor =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| successor = [[Pertamina|PN Permina]] (legal successor)<br>'''PT Shell Indonesia''' (1957-1965)
| foundation = 1907
| foundation = 1907
| founder =
| founder =
| defunct = 1965
| defunct = 1965
| location_city =
| location_city = [[Jakarta|Batavia]]
| location_country =
| location_country = [[Dutch East Indies]]
| location =
| location =
| locations =
| locations =
Line 29: Line 30:
| owner =
| owner =
| num_employees =
| num_employees =
| parent = [[Royal Dutch Shell]]
| parent = [[Shell plc|Royal Dutch/Shell]]
| divisions =
| divisions =
| subsid =
| subsid =
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| intl =
| intl =
}}
}}
'''Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij''' or '''Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij''' (better known as '''BPM'''), Dutch for ''Batavian Oil Company'', was a subsidiary of the [[Royal Dutch Shell]] oil company established in 1907 which extracted and refined oil in the [[Netherlands East Indies]], now Indonesia.{{sfn|Braake|1944|pp=68-9,74}}{{sfn|Coumbe|1923|pp=71-86}} The company is the predecessor of [[Pertamina]].
'''Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij''' or '''Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij''' (colloquially known as '''BPM'''), Dutch for ''Batavian Oil Company'', was the [[Dutch East Indies]] and later [[Indonesia]]n subsidiary of [[Royal Dutch Shell]] oil company established in 1907.{{sfn|Braake|1944|pp=68-9,74}}{{sfn|Coumbe|1923|pp=71-86}}


==History==
==History==
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Hoofdgebouw van de Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij te Batavia TMnr 10014922.jpg|thumb|BPM moved into this building in Jakarta in 1938. The building is now the headquarter of [[Pertamina]].]]
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Hoofdgebouw van de Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij te Batavia TMnr 10014922.jpg|thumb|BPM moved into this building in Jakarta in 1938. The building is now the headquarter of [[Pertamina]].]]
The BPM was established in 1907.{{sfn|Braake|1944|pp=68-9,74}}{{sfn|Coumbe|1923|pp=71-86}} It was Shell's main oil producing entity in Indonesia (at that time, [[Dutch East Indies]]) and dominated the Indonesian oil industry during the colonial era, making it one of the largest companies in the colonial economy. The main oil well of BPM was [[Pangkalan Brandan]] ([[North Sumatra]]), which is considered as the origin of the [[Royal Dutch Shell]]. More than 95% of Indonesia's crude oil was commercially produced by BPM in the 1920s.{{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=60}}
The BPM was established in 1907.{{sfn|Braake|1944|pp=68-9,74}}{{sfn|Coumbe|1923|pp=71-86}} It was Shell's main oil producing entity in Indonesia (at that time, [[Dutch East Indies]]) and dominated the Indonesian oil industry during the colonial era, making it one of the largest companies in the colonial economy. The main oil well of BPM was [[Pangkalan Brandan]] ([[North Sumatra]]), which is considered as the origin of the [[Royal Dutch Shell]]. More than 95% of Indonesia's crude oil was commercially produced by BPM in the 1920s.{{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=60}}


The [[dual-listed company|dual-listed]] nature of the Royal Dutch Shell meant that BPM was 60 percent owned by the [[Royal Dutch Petroleum Company]], and 40% by the [[Shell Transport and Trading Company]]; it acted as a Dutch holding company for the merged Royal Dutch Shell Group along with its UK analogue the ''Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Company''. The two were merged in 2005 creating a single holding structure for Shell.<ref>{{citation| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=vArc08DO9ykC| title = Historical dictionary of the petroleum industry | author = Marius Vassiliou| authorlink= Marius Vassiliou| publisher =Scarecrow Press| year = 2009| at = "Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij", p.78; "Royal Dutch Shell", pp.436-7; also pp.157, 436}}</ref>
The [[dual-listed company|dual-listed]] nature of the Royal Dutch Shell meant that BPM was 60 percent owned by the [[Royal Dutch Petroleum Company]], and 40% by the [[Shell Transport and Trading Company]]; it acted as a Dutch holding company for the merged Royal Dutch Shell Group along with its UK analogue the ''Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Company''. The two were merged in 2005 creating a single holding structure for Shell.<ref>{{citation| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=vArc08DO9ykC| title = Historical dictionary of the petroleum industry | author = Marius Vassiliou| author-link= Marius Vassiliou| publisher =Scarecrow Press| year = 2009| isbn = 9780810862883 | at = "Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij", p.78; "Royal Dutch Shell", pp.436-7; also pp.157, 436}}</ref>


After the [[Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies|Japanese occupation of Indonesia]], Shell's original well at Pangkalan Brandan was taken over by the Indonesian army. In 1957, Pangkalan Brandan became the main asset of the newly formed Indonesian oil company, Permina, the predecessor of [[Pertamina]]. In the 1950s, US oil giants [[Caltex]] (now [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]]) and Stanvac (now [[ExxonMobil]]) invested heavily in Indonesia, dropping the share of BPM to only 34% in 1957, compared to 46% for Caltex and 20% for Stanvac. Eventually, Shell pulled out of Indonesia in 1965 and would only re-enter (in distribution only) in the early 2000s.{{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=61}}
After the [[Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies|Japanese occupation of Indonesia]], Shell's original well at Pangkalan Brandan was taken over by the Indonesian army. In 1957, Pangkalan Brandan became the main asset of the newly formed Indonesian oil company, Permina, the predecessor of [[Pertamina]]. In the 1950s, US oil giants [[Caltex]] (now [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]]) and Stanvac (now [[ExxonMobil]]) invested heavily in Indonesia, dropping the share of BPM to only 34% in 1957, compared to 46% for Caltex and 20% for Stanvac. Eventually, Shell pulled out of Indonesia in 1965 and would only re-enter (in distribution only) in the early 2000s.{{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=61}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 51: Line 52:


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|3}}
{{Reflist|3}}


==Cited works==
==Cited works==
*{{citation| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sMzIttxRrIwC| title = Mining in the Netherlands East Indies| last=Braake |first=Alex L. | publisher = Ayer Publishing| year= 1944 | pages= 68–9,74 |ref=harv}}
*{{citation| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sMzIttxRrIwC| title = Mining in the Netherlands East Indies| last=Braake |first=Alex L. | publisher = Ayer Publishing| year= 1944 | pages= 68–9, 74 | isbn = 9780405097775}}
*{{citation| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HhcNxEUvQFwC| title = European foreign investments as seen by the U.S. Department of Commerce| publisher = United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce| year = 1923| chapter = Petroleum Production and Trade of the Dutch East Indies| last=Coumbe |first= Albert T. |chapterurl = https://books.google.com/books?id=HhcNxEUvQFwC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA65#v=onepage&q&f=false|ref=harv}}
*{{citation| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HhcNxEUvQFwC| title = European foreign investments as seen by the U.S. Department of Commerce| publisher = United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce| year = 1923| chapter = Petroleum Production and Trade of the Dutch East Indies| last=Coumbe |first= Albert T. | isbn = 9780405097911|chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HhcNxEUvQFwC&pg=PA65}}
*{{cite book |last=Merrillees |first=Scott |date=2015 |title=Jakarta: Portraits of a Capital 1950-1980 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=akLWjgEACAAJ&dq=JAKARTA:+Portraits+of+a+Capital+1950-1980&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y |location=Jakarta |publisher=Equinox Publishing |isbn=9786028397308 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Merrillees |first=Scott |date=2015 |title=Jakarta: Portraits of a Capital 1950-1980 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=akLWjgEACAAJ&q=JAKARTA:+Portraits+of+a+Capital+1950-1980 |location=Jakarta |publisher=Equinox Publishing |isbn=9786028397308 }}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{PM20|FID=co/049568|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}
* {{PM20|FID=co/049568|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}


{{commons category|Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij}}
{{Commons category|Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij}}

{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Defunct oil companies]]
[[Category:Defunct oil companies]]
[[Category:Royal Dutch Shell]]
[[Category:Shell plc]]
[[Category:Dutch East Indies]]
[[Category:Energy companies of the Dutch East Indies]]

Latest revision as of 10:26, 30 June 2023

Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM)
Company typesubsidiary
IndustryOil extraction
Founded1907
Defunct1965
SuccessorPN Permina (legal successor)
PT Shell Indonesia (1957-1965)
Headquarters
Batavia
,
Dutch East Indies
ParentRoyal Dutch/Shell

Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij or Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij (colloquially known as BPM), Dutch for Batavian Oil Company, was the Dutch East Indies and later Indonesian subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell oil company established in 1907.[1][2]

History[edit]

BPM moved into this building in Jakarta in 1938. The building is now the headquarter of Pertamina.

The BPM was established in 1907.[1][2] It was Shell's main oil producing entity in Indonesia (at that time, Dutch East Indies) and dominated the Indonesian oil industry during the colonial era, making it one of the largest companies in the colonial economy. The main oil well of BPM was Pangkalan Brandan (North Sumatra), which is considered as the origin of the Royal Dutch Shell. More than 95% of Indonesia's crude oil was commercially produced by BPM in the 1920s.[3]

The dual-listed nature of the Royal Dutch Shell meant that BPM was 60 percent owned by the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company, and 40% by the Shell Transport and Trading Company; it acted as a Dutch holding company for the merged Royal Dutch Shell Group along with its UK analogue the Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Company. The two were merged in 2005 creating a single holding structure for Shell.[4]

After the Japanese occupation of Indonesia, Shell's original well at Pangkalan Brandan was taken over by the Indonesian army. In 1957, Pangkalan Brandan became the main asset of the newly formed Indonesian oil company, Permina, the predecessor of Pertamina. In the 1950s, US oil giants Caltex (now Chevron) and Stanvac (now ExxonMobil) invested heavily in Indonesia, dropping the share of BPM to only 34% in 1957, compared to 46% for Caltex and 20% for Stanvac. Eventually, Shell pulled out of Indonesia in 1965 and would only re-enter (in distribution only) in the early 2000s.[5]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Braake 1944, pp. 68–9, 74.
  2. ^ a b Coumbe 1923, pp. 71–86.
  3. ^ Merrillees 2015, p. 60.
  4. ^ Marius Vassiliou (2009), Historical dictionary of the petroleum industry, Scarecrow Press, "Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij", p.78; "Royal Dutch Shell", pp.436-7; also pp.157, 436, ISBN 9780810862883
  5. ^ Merrillees 2015, p. 61.

Cited works[edit]

External links[edit]

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