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{{short description|Prototype biplane fighter}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
|name= XP-10
|name= XP-10
|image= Image:Curtiss XP-10.jpg
|image= File:Curtiss XP-10.jpg
|caption=The sole Curtiss XP-10 (s/n 28-387)
|caption=The sole Curtiss XP-10 (s/n 28-387)
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
|type= [[Biplane]] [[fighter aircraft|fighter]]
|type= [[Biplane]] [[fighter aircraft|fighter]]
|manufacturer= [[Curtiss]]
|manufacturer= [[Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company]]
|designer=
|designer=
|first flight=
|first flight=
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|}
|}


The '''Curtiss XP-10''' was an [[United States|American]] [[experimental aircraft|experimental]] [[biplane]] [[fighter aircraft|fighter]] tested by the [[United States Army Air Corps]].
The '''Curtiss XP-10''' was an American [[experimental aircraft|experimental]] [[biplane]] [[fighter aircraft|fighter]] developed by [[Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company|Curtiss]] and tested by the [[United States Army Air Corps]], but rejected due to disappointing performance and major problems with the cooling system.


==Design and development==
==Design and development==
Ordered 18 June 1928, it was intended to be fast and maneuverable enough to win a [[dogfight]]. The XP-10 used a [[gull wing]] top wing, joined at the fuselage; this offered much better pilots view than the traditional biplane configuration. Coincidentally, this also permitted the wing and fuselage to meet at the optimum angle for minimizing [[Interference drag|drag]].<ref>Green 1973, p. 188.</ref> The wings were [[plywood]]-covered (rather than [[Aircraft dope|dope]]d [[fabric]], as used in [[World War I]]), and the fuselage was fabric-covered steel tubing.
Ordered on 18 June 1928, it was intended to be fast and maneuverable enough to win a [[dogfight]]. The XP-10 used a [[gull wing]] top wing, joined at the fuselage; this offered much better pilot visibility than the traditional biplane configuration. Coincidentally, this also permitted the wing and fuselage to meet at the optimum angle for minimizing [[Interference drag|drag]].<ref>Green 1973, p. 188.</ref> The wings were [[plywood]]-covered (rather than [[Aircraft dope|dope]]d [[fabric]], as used in [[World War I]]), and the fuselage was fabric-covered steel tubing.


The XP-10 used a 600&nbsp;hp (447&nbsp;kW) [[Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company|Curtiss]] [[Curtiss V-1570|V-1570 Conqueror]] [[water-cooled]] [[V12 engine|V12]] engine. To overcome the drag of a radiator (a quite serious issue before the introduction of [[ethylene glycol]]), Curtiss incorporated it into the upper wing. It was formed of corrugated brass sheets through which cooling water was run. While ingenious, this introduced technical and mechanical problems, especially, in a combat aircraft, vulnerability to enemy fire.
The XP-10 used a 600&nbsp;hp (447&nbsp;kW) [[Curtiss V-1570-15]] Conqueror [[water-cooled]] [[V12 engine|V12]] engine. To overcome the drag of a radiator (a quite serious issue before the introduction of [[ethylene glycol]]), Curtiss incorporated it into the upper wing. It was formed of corrugated brass sheets through which cooling water was run. While ingenious, this introduced technical and mechanical problems, especially vulnerability to enemy fire in a combat aircraft.


==Operational history==
==Operational history==
Delivered to the [[United States Army Air Corps|Army Air Corps]] in August 1928, the XP-10 first flew in September.<ref name="USFightersp41"/> Despite excellent maneuverability, with the XP-10 proving superior to the [[Curtiss Hawk]] in testing,<ref name="USFightersp41"/> persistent problems with cooling, and the plumbing of the surface radiator, led to the XP-10 being abandoned.
Delivered to the [[United States Army Air Corps|Army Air Corps]] in August 1928, the XP-10 first flew in September.<ref name="USFightersp41"/> Despite excellent manoeuvrability, with the XP-10 proving superior to the [[Curtiss Hawk]] in testing,<ref name="USFightersp41"/> persistent problems with cooling and the plumbing of the surface radiator led to the XP-10 being abandoned.


[[Image:Curtiss XP-10 rear.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Curtiss XP-10 rear.jpg|thumb|The XP-10 seen from behind]]


==Operators==
==Operators==
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*[[United States Army Air Corps]]
*[[United States Army Air Corps]]


==Specifications==
==Specifications (XP-10)==
{{Aircraft specs
{{aircraft specifications
|ref=Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947,<ref name=Bowers>{{cite book |last1=Bowers |first1=Peter M. |title=Curtiss aircraft, 1907-1947 |date=1979 |publisher=Putnam |location=London |isbn=0370100298 |page=221}}</ref> U.S.Fighters<ref name="USFightersp41">Dorr and Bishop 1990, p. 41.</ref>
<!-- if you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Aircraft]] -->
|prime units?=imp
|plane or copter?= plane
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General characteristics
|ref=''U.S.Fighters'', Lloyd Jones, Aero Publishers 1975, Fighters of the United States Air Force.<ref name="USFightersp41">Dorr and Bishop 1990, p. 41.</ref>
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|crew= one pilot
|crew=1
|capacity=
|length main= 24 ft 6 in
|length ft=23
|length alt= 7.47m
|length in=3
|length note=
|span main= 33 ft
|span alt=10.06 m
|span ft=33
|span in=
|height main= 10 ft 10 in
|span note=
|height alt= 3.30 m
|height ft=8
|area main= 238 ft²
|height in=8
|area alt= 21.1 m²
|height note=
|wing area sqft=270
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=
|airfoil=
|empty weight main= approx. 2,900 lb
|empty weight lb=3040
|empty weight alt= 1,315 kg
|empty weight note=
|loaded weight main=
|gross weight lb=3975
|loaded weight alt= <!--kg-->
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|useful load main= <!--lb-->
|max takeoff weight note=
|useful load alt= <!--kg-->
|fuel capacity=
|max takeoff weight main= 3,400 lb
|max takeoff weight alt= 1,542 kg
|more general=
|more general=
<!--
|engine (prop)= [[Curtiss V-1570|V-1570 Conqueror]]
Powerplant
|type of prop= water-cooled 12-cylinder [[V engine|vee]]
-->
|number of props=1
|eng1 number=1
|power main= 600 hp
|eng1 name=[[Curtiss V-1570-15 Conqueror]]
|power alt= 448 kW
|eng1 type=V-12 water-cooled piston engine
|power original=
|eng1 hp=600
|max speed main= 150 knots

|max speed alt= 173 mph, 279 km/h
|prop blade number=2
|cruise speed main= 113 knots
|prop name=fixed-pitch propeller
|cruise speed alt= 130 mph, 209 km/h
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<!--
|stall speed alt= <!--mph,km/h-->
Performance
|range main= 195 mi
-->
|range alt= 170 NM, 314 km
|max speed mph=191
|ceiling main= 19,610 ft
|max speed note=at sea level<br/>
|ceiling alt= 5,977 m
::{{cvt|215|mph|kn km/h}}
|climb rate main= 1,940 ft/min
|cruise speed mph=
|climb rate alt= 9.86 m/s
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|range miles=461
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|combat range miles=
|combat range note=
|ferry range miles=
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|ceiling ft=26500
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|climb rate ftmin=1940
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<!--
|armament= none installed (one 0.3 in and one 0.5 in [[machine gun]]s planned
Armament
|avionics=
-->
|guns= none installed (one {{cvt|0.300|in|2}} and one {{cvt|0.500|in|2}} [[machine gun]]s planned
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
{{commons category|Curtiss XP-10}}
===Notes===
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* Dorr, Robert F. and David Donald. ''Fighters of the United States Air Force''. London: Temple, 1990. ISBN 0-600-55094-X.
* Dorr, Robert F. and David Donald. ''Fighters of the United States Air Force''. London: Temple, 1990. {{ISBN|0-600-55094-X}}.
* Green, William. ''War Planes of the Second World War, Fighters.'' Volume Four. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, 1973.
* Green, William. ''War Planes of the Second World War, Fighters.'' Volume Four. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, 1973.
* Jones, Lloyd S. ''U.S. Fighters: 1925-1980s''. Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8168-9200-8.
* Jones, Lloyd S. ''U.S. Fighters: 1925-1980s''. Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, Inc., 1975. {{ISBN|0-8168-9200-8}}.
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{Curtiss aircraft}}
{{Curtiss aircraft}}
{{USAF fighters}}
{{USAF fighters}}
{{aviation lists}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Curtiss Xp-10}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Curtiss Xp-10}}
[[Category:Curtiss aircraft|P-10]]
[[Category:Curtiss aircraft|P-10]]
[[Category:United States fighter aircraft 1920-1929|P-10, Curtiss]]
[[Category:1920s United States fighter aircraft|Curtiss P-10]]
[[Category:Single-engine aircraft]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Biplanes]]

[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1928]]
[[ja:XP-10 (航空機)]]

Latest revision as of 21:18, 1 January 2022

XP-10
The sole Curtiss XP-10 (s/n 28-387)
Role Biplane fighter
Manufacturer Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company
Retired 1928
Status Cancelled
Primary user United States Army Air Corps
Number built One

The Curtiss XP-10 was an American experimental biplane fighter developed by Curtiss and tested by the United States Army Air Corps, but rejected due to disappointing performance and major problems with the cooling system.

Design and development[edit]

Ordered on 18 June 1928, it was intended to be fast and maneuverable enough to win a dogfight. The XP-10 used a gull wing top wing, joined at the fuselage; this offered much better pilot visibility than the traditional biplane configuration. Coincidentally, this also permitted the wing and fuselage to meet at the optimum angle for minimizing drag.[1] The wings were plywood-covered (rather than doped fabric, as used in World War I), and the fuselage was fabric-covered steel tubing.

The XP-10 used a 600 hp (447 kW) Curtiss V-1570-15 Conqueror water-cooled V12 engine. To overcome the drag of a radiator (a quite serious issue before the introduction of ethylene glycol), Curtiss incorporated it into the upper wing. It was formed of corrugated brass sheets through which cooling water was run. While ingenious, this introduced technical and mechanical problems, especially vulnerability to enemy fire in a combat aircraft.

Operational history[edit]

Delivered to the Army Air Corps in August 1928, the XP-10 first flew in September.[2] Despite excellent manoeuvrability, with the XP-10 proving superior to the Curtiss Hawk in testing,[2] persistent problems with cooling and the plumbing of the surface radiator led to the XP-10 being abandoned.

The XP-10 seen from behind

Operators[edit]

 United States

Specifications (XP-10)[edit]

Data from Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947,[3] U.S.Fighters[2]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 1
  • Length: 23 ft 3 in (7.09 m)
  • Wingspan: 33 ft (10 m)
  • Height: 8 ft 8 in (2.64 m)
  • Wing area: 270 sq ft (25 m2)
  • Empty weight: 3,040 lb (1,379 kg)
  • Gross weight: 3,975 lb (1,803 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss V-1570-15 Conqueror V-12 water-cooled piston engine, 600 hp (450 kW)
  • Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 191 mph (307 km/h, 166 kn) at sea level
215 mph (187 kn; 346 km/h)
  • Range: 461 mi (742 km, 401 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 26,500 ft (8,100 m)
  • Rate of climb: 1,940 ft/min (9.9 m/s)

Armament

  • Guns: none installed (one 0.300 in (7.62 mm) and one 0.500 in (12.70 mm) machine guns planned

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Curtiss XP-10.
  1. ^ Green 1973, p. 188.
  2. ^ a b c Dorr and Bishop 1990, p. 41.
  3. ^ Bowers, Peter M. (1979). Curtiss aircraft, 1907-1947. London: Putnam. p. 221. ISBN 0370100298.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Dorr, Robert F. and David Donald. Fighters of the United States Air Force. London: Temple, 1990. ISBN 0-600-55094-X.
  • Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War, Fighters. Volume Four. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, 1973.
  • Jones, Lloyd S. U.S. Fighters: 1925-1980s. Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8168-9200-8.
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