Shurugwi
- This article is about the town. For the district, see Shurugwi District.
Shurugwi, formerly Selukwe, a town and administrative centre in Midlands Province, southern Zimbabwe, located about 350km south of Harare; population 16,138 (Central Statistical Office, Zimbabwe. Census of Population, 1992. Harare: Government Printer). The town was established in 1899 on Selukwe goldfield, which itself was discovered in the early 1890s not long after the annexation of Rhodesia by the Pioneer Column. The district remains an important centre for gold and chrome mining, but is perhaps best known as the home district of the former Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Douglas Smith who still owns a farm near Gwenoro Dam.
Industry
Shurugwi was established in 1899 by the British South Africa Company and Willoughby's Consolidated Company. Its name was derived from a nearby bare oval granite hill that resembled the shape of a pigpen (selukwe) of the local Venda people. The town is the terminus of a branch rail line from Gweru (formerly Gwelo), 22 miles (35 km) to the north. Shurugwi is one of Zimbabwe's largest producers of chrome; base metals also are mined there. Its healthful climate and scenic location attract tourists and retired people
Natural Resources
The town is located on the mineral rich belt, commonly known as the Great Dyke in Zimbabwe, making it one of the most mineral rich towns in the country. Chromite, Gold and Nickel are all mined around Shurugwi. The town is also placed on one the most natural beautiful places in Zimbabwe. Wolfshall Pass, commonly known as Boterekwa due to the winding of the road as it negotiates its way up and between mountains. This is very similar to the pass after Louis Trichardt in South Africa
Education
Most of the infrastructure in Shurugwi is very old. There is only one hotel in the town centre - the Grand Hotel which now operates as a bar. There are a number of schools in Shurugwi including Pakiston High, Shurugwi 1, Shurugwi 2, Batanai High School etc. Most better schools are found in Shurugwi rural area, such as Pakame Mission, one of the oldest schools in the country, a Methodist run mission school which is about 40 km by road on the South towards Zvishavane, very close Guruguru Mountain, a volcanic solid rock mountain in Shurugwi Rural Areas, Tongogara High School, a government operated boarding school 40km to the East and Hanke Adventist High School, an SDA run school 10 km on the North of Tongogara. All these schools offer up to Advanced Level ("A-Level") education.
There are also some post independence (Post April 18, 1980) schools with basically poor standards of education with pass rates of below 5% on Ordinary Level (O-levels) which is due to quality teachers who normally do not want to teach in rural areas. Rusununguko Secondary School which along the Chivi/Beit Bridge road offers better education though. It is one of the few schools to attain A-Level status in its class.
Shurugwi also has some good rural primary schools such as Vungwi Primary School and Tumba Primary Schools. Most of the graduates leave Shurugwi after primary/secondary education to pursue further education (usually A' Levels) in other towns as far as Harare. A relative minority ultimately end up studying at the University of Zimbabwe and other post independent universities in Zimbabwe or even at universities abroad. Resultantly, Shurugwi has produced a considerable number of professionals, notably in the fields of Chartered Accountants, Lawyers, Engineers, Medical Doctors etc. There is no tertiary college of any form in Shurugwi and its surrounding areas, with the nearest Polytechnic college available 60km away in Gweru.
Shurugwi remains a relatively important town in Zimbabwe largely to potential mineral wealth, large tracts of arable land and a suitable climate for cattle ranching.
Employment
The greatest employers are ZIMASCO, UNKI Mine, a subsidiary of Anglo-American through its platinum wing, Angloplats, the government through education, agriculture and healthy.