Harare

Harare
Climate diagram
	Temperature in ° C , precipitation in mm
	Source: wetterkontor.de

Harare
Coordinates	17 ° 50 ′ S , 31 ° 3 ′ E Coordinates: 17 ° 50 ′ S , 31 ° 3 ′ E
Symbols
coat of arms	flag
Basic data
Country	Zimbabwe
City with provincial status	Harare
ISO 3166-2	ZW-HA
height	1490 m
surface	872 km²
Residents	1,485,231 (2012)
density	1,703.2 Ew. / km²
politics
mayor	Herbert Gomba

Harare [ haˈraːrə ], formerly Salisbury , is the largest city and capital of Zimbabwe and is located in the Harare Province in the north-central part of the country. Around 1.5 million people live in the urban area (2012 census), and around 2.9 million in the metropolitan area (2007 estimate). The largest suburb is Chitungwiza south of Harare International Airport with around 350,000 inhabitants (2012).

geography

Geographical location

Harare is in the northeastern third of Zimbabwe. The city with the geographic coordinates 17 ° 50 'south latitude and 31 ° 3' east longitude is at an altitude of 1490 meters above sea level . The city is located in the vegetation zone of the dry savannas .

climate

Harare is located in the tropical climate zone, but the average annual temperature of 18.0 ° C is relatively low for this climate zone. The average daily temperature is 25.7 ° C in January and 13.6 ° C in July. The warmest months are October and November with an average of 21.5 ° C and the coldest June and July with an average of 13.8 ° C and 13.6 ° C. The average annual precipitation is 863 millimeters, although this amount falls on only 92 rainy days per year. Most of the precipitation falls in January with an average of 213 millimeters, the lowest in July with an average of 1 millimeter.

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Harare

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C )	26.3	25.8	26.2	25.3	23.4	21.4	21.4	23.7	26.8	28.2	27.4	26.2	O	25.2
Min. Temperature (° C)	15.8	15.6	14.5	12.3	8.8	6.1	5.5	7.4	10.5	13.4	15.0	15.7	O	11.7

Precipitation ( mm )	187	157	96	38	10	4th	1	3	8th	34	96	171	Σ	805

Hours of sunshine ( h / d )	7th	6.8	7.5	8.3	8.7	8.8	9.0	9.7	9.8	9.2	7.7	6.4	O	8.2

Rainy days ( d )	14th	13	10	5	1	0	0	1	1	4th	8th	14th	Σ	71

Humidity ( % )	76	77	72	67	62	60	55	50	45	48	63	73	O	62.3

Source: wetterkontor.de

City structure and districts

history

Salisbury 1930

Harare was founded in 1890 as Fort Salisbury by Cecil Rhodes on the territory of Shona chief Harare. This is where the African Union Square is today. Rhodes named the city after the British Prime Minister Lord Salisbury . In 1923 the fort with the seat of the colonial government also received city rights. Between 1953 and 1963 Salisbury was the capital of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland .

After Zimbabwe gained independence in 1980, the name was changed to Harare (April 18, 1982) after the chief of the people who originally lived here. The renaming of the capital and other places also represented a distancing from the colonial past.

In late May 2005, the Zimbabwean government launched a controversial cleanup and building demolition campaign called Operation Murambatsvina . It led to violent reactions in the international community because it took place without prior notice or the offer of alternative housing for the nearly 700,000 affected people. Under the pretext of countering crime and disease risks, the campaign was mainly directed against the informal markets and suburbs. The UN then offered to organize international humanitarian aid for the victims, but this offer was rejected by the country's authorities on the grounds that outside help was not necessary.

Population development

year	population
1950	143,000
1960	248,000
1970	417,000
1980	616,000
1990	1,047,000
2000	1,379,000
2010	1,475,000
2017	1,510,000

Politics and administration

View of Harare

City government

In Harare there is an umbrella organization of the citizens' movement , the Combined Harare Residents Association (CHRA), which acts as a critical authority on the city government and the political parties.

province

The Harare province of the same name borders the provinces of Mashonaland West , Mashonaland East and Mashonaland Central . In addition to the capital Harare and a rural suburb area, the Harare Province also includes the cities of Epworth and Chitungwiza , the third largest city in Zimbabwe and the dormitory of the capital Harare.

Mayor since 1981

The list of mayors since independence:

1981-1984 Tizirai Gwata
1984–1985 Eng Oliver Chidawu
1988-1989 Ald. Jabulani Thembani
1989-1993 Simon Chikwavaire
1993-1995 Charles Tawengwa
1995-1996 Tony Gara
1996-1998 Solomon Tawengwa
2002–2003 Eng Elias Mudzuri
2008-2013 Muchadeyi Masunda
2013–2018 Bernard Manyenyeni
since 2018 Herbert Gomba

Town twinning

Harare has partnerships with the following cities:

United Kingdom Nottingham , UK
United States Cincinnati , United States
Italy Prato , Italy
Italy Lago , Italy
Germany Munich , Germany

economy

Harare is a trading center for tobacco , cotton and citrus fruits . With the international airport and important road connections, Harare is the transport hub in Zimbabwe.

Healthcare

The HI virus is particularly widespread in Harare. However, reliable statistics on the number of infected people are not available.

education

University of Zimbabwe
Harare Institute of Technology

religion

Harare is the seat of the Anglican Diocese of Harare and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Harare . The Anglican diocese experienced internal division and violent state repression in the 2000s because of its majority opposition to Robert Mugabe's authoritarian rule. As a transitional bishop, Sebastian Bakare strove for reconciliation and the rule of law from 2007 to 2009.

Museums

The Queen Victoria Museum displays rock paintings, utensils, tools and weapons from the history of Zimbabwe.

The National Gallery of Zimbabwe exhibits paintings, reliefs and sculptures of the modern age.

Sports

The 2001 disbanded football club Black Aces FC was based in Harare.

sons and daughters of the town

Dennis Brutus (1924–2009), South African poet and resistance fighter against apartheid
Michael Gibbs (* 1937), British jazz musician
Michael Walker, Baron Walker of Aldringham (born 1944), Field Marshal in the British Army
Kork Ballington (* 1951), South African motorcycle racer
Oliver Mtukudzi (1952-2019), musician
Paula Newby-Fraser (* 1962), triathlete
Byron Black (born 1969), tennis player
Belinda Stowell (* 1971), Australian sailor
Stefan Gibson (* 1972), British-German designer and painter
Farai Mbidzo (born 1972), football player
Colin Pocock (* 1972), South African beach volleyball player
Kevin Ullyett (born 1972), tennis player
Wayne Black (born 1973), tennis player
Benjamin Höppner (* 1974), German actor
Timothy Jones (* 1975), racing cyclist
Evan Stewart (* 1975), water diver
Mathew Quinn (* 1976), South African athlete
Benjamin Mwaruwari (Benjani; * 1978), football player
Cara Black (born 1979), tennis player
Brian Dzingai (born 1981), sprinter
Conway Mohamed (* 1981), racing cyclist
Takesure Chinyama (* 1982), soccer player
Mike Temwanjera (* 1982), football player
Kirsty Coventry (born 1983), swimmer
Derek Nowak (* 1984), actor
Conrad Rautenbach (* 1984), rally driver
Mark Fynn (* 1985), tennis player
Tendai Mtawarira (* 1985), South African rugby player
Carlprit (* 1986), rapper in Germany
Takanyi Garanganga (* 1990), tennis player
Rachel Klamer (* 1990), Dutch triathlete
Zororo Makamba (1990-2020), journalist and television presenter
Stansly Maponga (born 1991), American football player
Tatenda Tsumba (* 1991), sprinter
Benjamin Lock (* 1993), tennis player
Jekaterina Tkachenko (* 1995), Russian ski racer