Harare
Harare | |||
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Coordinates | 17 ° 50 ′ S , 31 ° 3 ′ E | ||
Symbols | |||
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Basic data | |||
Country | Zimbabwe | ||
City with provincial status |
Harare | ||
ISO 3166-2 | ZW-HA | ||
height | 1490 m | ||
surface | 872 km² | ||
Residents | 1,485,231 (2012) | ||
density | 1,703.2 Ew. / km² | ||
politics | |||
mayor | Herbert Gomba |
Harare [ haˈraːrə ], formerly Salisbury , is the largest city and capital of Zimbabwe and is located in the Harare Province in the north-central part of the country. Around 1.5 million people live in the urban area (2012 census), and around 2.9 million in the metropolitan area (2007 estimate). The largest suburb is Chitungwiza south of Harare International Airport with around 350,000 inhabitants (2012).
geography
Geographical location
Harare is in the northeastern third of Zimbabwe. The city with the geographic coordinates 17 ° 50 'south latitude and 31 ° 3' east longitude is at an altitude of 1490 meters above sea level . The city is located in the vegetation zone of the dry savannas .
climate
Harare is located in the tropical climate zone, but the average annual temperature of 18.0 ° C is relatively low for this climate zone. The average daily temperature is 25.7 ° C in January and 13.6 ° C in July. The warmest months are October and November with an average of 21.5 ° C and the coldest June and July with an average of 13.8 ° C and 13.6 ° C. The average annual precipitation is 863 millimeters, although this amount falls on only 92 rainy days per year. Most of the precipitation falls in January with an average of 213 millimeters, the lowest in July with an average of 1 millimeter.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Harare
Source: wetterkontor.de
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City structure and districts
history
Harare was founded in 1890 as Fort Salisbury by Cecil Rhodes on the territory of Shona chief Harare. This is where the African Union Square is today. Rhodes named the city after the British Prime Minister Lord Salisbury . In 1923 the fort with the seat of the colonial government also received city rights. Between 1953 and 1963 Salisbury was the capital of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland .
After Zimbabwe gained independence in 1980, the name was changed to Harare (April 18, 1982) after the chief of the people who originally lived here. The renaming of the capital and other places also represented a distancing from the colonial past.
In late May 2005, the Zimbabwean government launched a controversial cleanup and building demolition campaign called Operation Murambatsvina . It led to violent reactions in the international community because it took place without prior notice or the offer of alternative housing for the nearly 700,000 affected people. Under the pretext of countering crime and disease risks, the campaign was mainly directed against the informal markets and suburbs. The UN then offered to organize international humanitarian aid for the victims, but this offer was rejected by the country's authorities on the grounds that outside help was not necessary.
Population development
year | population |
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1950 | 143,000 |
1960 | 248,000 |
1970 | 417,000 |
1980 | 616,000 |
1990 | 1,047,000 |
2000 | 1,379,000 |
2010 | 1,475,000 |
2017 | 1,510,000 |
Politics and administration
City government
In Harare there is an umbrella organization of the citizens' movement , the Combined Harare Residents Association (CHRA), which acts as a critical authority on the city government and the political parties.
province
The Harare province of the same name borders the provinces of Mashonaland West , Mashonaland East and Mashonaland Central . In addition to the capital Harare and a rural suburb area, the Harare Province also includes the cities of Epworth and Chitungwiza , the third largest city in Zimbabwe and the dormitory of the capital Harare.
Mayor since 1981
The list of mayors since independence:
- 1981-1984 Tizirai Gwata
- 1984–1985 Eng Oliver Chidawu
- 1988-1989 Ald. Jabulani Thembani
- 1989-1993 Simon Chikwavaire
- 1993-1995 Charles Tawengwa
- 1995-1996 Tony Gara
- 1996-1998 Solomon Tawengwa
- 2002–2003 Eng Elias Mudzuri
- 2008-2013 Muchadeyi Masunda
- 2013–2018 Bernard Manyenyeni
- since 2018 Herbert Gomba
Town twinning
Harare has partnerships with the following cities:
- Nottingham , UK
- Cincinnati , United States
- Prato , Italy
- Lago , Italy
- Munich , Germany
economy
Harare is a trading center for tobacco , cotton and citrus fruits . With the international airport and important road connections, Harare is the transport hub in Zimbabwe.
Healthcare
The HI virus is particularly widespread in Harare. However, reliable statistics on the number of infected people are not available.
education
- University of Zimbabwe
- Harare Institute of Technology
religion
Harare is the seat of the Anglican Diocese of Harare and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Harare . The Anglican diocese experienced internal division and violent state repression in the 2000s because of its majority opposition to Robert Mugabe's authoritarian rule. As a transitional bishop, Sebastian Bakare strove for reconciliation and the rule of law from 2007 to 2009.
Museums
The Queen Victoria Museum displays rock paintings, utensils, tools and weapons from the history of Zimbabwe.
The National Gallery of Zimbabwe exhibits paintings, reliefs and sculptures of the modern age.
Sports
The 2001 disbanded football club Black Aces FC was based in Harare.
sons and daughters of the town
- Dennis Brutus (1924–2009), South African poet and resistance fighter against apartheid
- Michael Gibbs (* 1937), British jazz musician
- Michael Walker, Baron Walker of Aldringham (born 1944), Field Marshal in the British Army
- Kork Ballington (* 1951), South African motorcycle racer
- Oliver Mtukudzi (1952-2019), musician
- Paula Newby-Fraser (* 1962), triathlete
- Byron Black (born 1969), tennis player
- Belinda Stowell (* 1971), Australian sailor
- Stefan Gibson (* 1972), British-German designer and painter
- Farai Mbidzo (born 1972), football player
- Colin Pocock (* 1972), South African beach volleyball player
- Kevin Ullyett (born 1972), tennis player
- Wayne Black (born 1973), tennis player
- Benjamin Höppner (* 1974), German actor
- Timothy Jones (* 1975), racing cyclist
- Evan Stewart (* 1975), water diver
- Mathew Quinn (* 1976), South African athlete
- Benjamin Mwaruwari (Benjani; * 1978), football player
- Cara Black (born 1979), tennis player
- Brian Dzingai (born 1981), sprinter
- Conway Mohamed (* 1981), racing cyclist
- Takesure Chinyama (* 1982), soccer player
- Mike Temwanjera (* 1982), football player
- Kirsty Coventry (born 1983), swimmer
- Derek Nowak (* 1984), actor
- Conrad Rautenbach (* 1984), rally driver
- Mark Fynn (* 1985), tennis player
- Tendai Mtawarira (* 1985), South African rugby player
- Carlprit (* 1986), rapper in Germany
- Takanyi Garanganga (* 1990), tennis player
- Rachel Klamer (* 1990), Dutch triathlete
- Zororo Makamba (1990-2020), journalist and television presenter
- Stansly Maponga (born 1991), American football player
- Tatenda Tsumba (* 1991), sprinter
- Benjamin Lock (* 1993), tennis player
- Jekaterina Tkachenko (* 1995), Russian ski racer
Web links
- Official site of the City (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2012 census, PDF page 8 ( Memento from June 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 390 kB)
- ↑ World Urbanization Prospects - Population Division - United Nations. Retrieved July 24, 2018 .
- ↑ Former Harare mayors meet