Eucalyptus cadens: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of eucalyptus}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} |
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{{speciesbox |
{{speciesbox |
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|image = Eucalyptus cadens habit 2.jpg |
|image = Eucalyptus cadens habit 2.jpg |
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|image_caption = ''Eucalyptus cadens'' in the [[Warby Range State Park|Warby Range]] |
|image_caption = ''Eucalyptus cadens'' in the [[Warby Range State Park|Warby Range]] |
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|status = VU |
| status = VU |
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|status_system = |
| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn |author=Fensham, R. |author2=Laffineur, B. |author3=Collingwood, T. |year=2019 |title=''Eucalyptus cadens'' |volume=2019 |page=e.T133373572A133373574 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133373572A133373574.en |access-date=20 September 2021}}</ref> |
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|genus = Eucalyptus |
|genus = Eucalyptus |
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|species = cadens |
|species = cadens |
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|authority = [[Barbara G. Briggs|Briggs]] & [[Michael Douglas Crisp|Crisp]]<ref name=APC>{{cite web|title=''Eucalyptus cadens''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/91249|publisher=Australian Plant Census| |
|authority = [[Barbara G. Briggs|Briggs]] & [[Michael Douglas Crisp|Crisp]]<ref name=APC>{{cite web|title=''Eucalyptus cadens''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/91249|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Eucalyptus cadens''''', commonly known as the '''tumble-down swamp gum'''<ref name="CANBR">{{cite web |title=''Eucalyptus cadens'' |url= |
'''''Eucalyptus cadens''''', commonly known as the '''tumble-down swamp gum'''<ref name="CANBR">{{cite web |title=''Eucalyptus cadens'' Tumble-down swamp gum|url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/entities/eucalyptus_cadens.htm?zoom_highlight=Eucalyptus+cadens|publisher=Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research |access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> or '''Warby Range swamp-gum'''<ref name="environment">{{cite web |title=Conservation Advice ''Eucalyptus cadens'' - Warby Range swamp gum |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/21845-conservation-advice-01042016.pdf |publisher=Australian Government Department of the Environment |access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> is a small to medium-sized tree that is [[endemic]] to a small area in north-eastern [[Victoria, Australia]]. It has rough, compacted bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth bark above, narrow elliptic to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical fruit.[[File:Eucalyptus cadens buds.jpg|thumb|225px|flower buds]][[File:Eucalyptus cadens fruit.jpg|thumb|225px|fruit]][[File:Eucalyptus_cadens_Canberra.JPG|thumb|225px|bark]] |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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''Eucalyptus cadens'' is a spreading tree that grows to a height of {{convert|25|m}} with a characteristic leaning habit, and forms a [[lignotuber]]. The bark on the lower {{convert|1-6|m}} of the trunk is rough, compacted and greyish brown to black. The higher parts of the trunk and branches have some greyish green bark, often with a few ribbons of shed bark. Young plants and [[coppice]] regrowth have elliptic to oblong leaves, {{convert|17-57|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|5-35|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} wide and have a [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]]. Adult leaves are narrow elliptic to lance-shaped or curved, the same colour on both sides, {{convert|50-130|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|9-20|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide with a petiole {{convert|5-17|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven in leaf [[wikt:axil|axil]]s on a [[Peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] {{convert|2-6|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, the individual buds on a [[Pedicel (botany)|pedicel]] {{convert|1-2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}. Mature buds are oval, spindle-shaped or diamond-shaped with a conical or slightly beaked [[Operculum (botany)|operculum]] {{convert|2.5-4|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. Flowering occurs between March and June and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, conical [[Capsule (botany)|capsule]] {{convert|3-4|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|4-6|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide that is either [[Sessility (botany)|sessile]] or on a pedicel up to {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long. The valves protrude beyond the rim of the capsule.<ref name="CANBR" /><ref name="environment" /><ref name="NRP">{{cite web |title=National Recovery Plan for the Warby Range Swamp-gum ''Eucalyptus cadens'' |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/02841c15-1dc0-4094-ae83-627c0d520de6/files/e-cadens.pdf |publisher=Australian Government Department of the Environment | |
''Eucalyptus cadens'' is a spreading tree that grows to a height of {{convert|25|m}} with a characteristic leaning habit, and forms a [[lignotuber]]. The bark on the lower {{convert|1-6|m}} of the trunk is rough, compacted and greyish brown to black. The higher parts of the trunk and branches have some greyish green bark, often with a few ribbons of shed bark. Young plants and [[coppice]] regrowth have elliptic to oblong leaves, {{convert|17-57|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|5-35|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} wide and have a [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]]. Adult leaves are narrow elliptic to lance-shaped or curved, the same colour on both sides, {{convert|50-130|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|9-20|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide with a petiole {{convert|5-17|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven in leaf [[wikt:axil|axil]]s on a [[Peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] {{convert|2-6|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, the individual buds on a [[Pedicel (botany)|pedicel]] {{convert|1-2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}. Mature buds are oval, spindle-shaped or diamond-shaped with a conical or slightly beaked [[Operculum (botany)|operculum]] {{convert|2.5-4|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. Flowering occurs between March and June and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, conical [[Capsule (botany)|capsule]] {{convert|3-4|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|4-6|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide that is either [[Sessility (botany)|sessile]] or on a pedicel up to {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long. The valves protrude beyond the rim of the capsule.<ref name="CANBR" /><ref name="environment" /><ref name="NRP">{{cite web |title=National Recovery Plan for the Warby Range Swamp-gum ''Eucalyptus cadens'' |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/02841c15-1dc0-4094-ae83-627c0d520de6/files/e-cadens.pdf |publisher=Australian Government Department of the Environment |access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="RBGV">{{cite web |last1=Brooker |first1=Ian |last2=Slee |first2=Andrew V. |title=''Eucalyptus cadens'' |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/2a22cb56-5007-4ac1-8a17-1a442de438ad |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=1 April 2019}}</ref><ref>A Field Guide to Eucalypts - Brooker & Kleinig volume 1, {{ISBN|0-909605-62-9}} page 280</ref> |
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==Taxonomy and naming== |
==Taxonomy and naming== |
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''Eucalyptus cadens'' was first formally described in 1989 by [[Barbara G. Briggs|Barbara Briggs]] and [[Michael Douglas Crisp|Michael Crisp]] from a specimen at "the eastern foot of the Warby Range, between [[Wangaratta]] and [[Glenrowan, Victoria|Glenrowan]]".<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Eucalyptus cadens''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/455378|publisher=APNI| |
''Eucalyptus cadens'' was first formally described in 1989 by [[Barbara G. Briggs|Barbara Briggs]] and [[Michael Douglas Crisp|Michael Crisp]] from a specimen at "the eastern foot of the Warby Range, between [[Wangaratta]] and [[Glenrowan, Victoria|Glenrowan]]".<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Eucalyptus cadens''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/455378|publisher=APNI|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> The [[Botanical name|specific epithet]] (''cadens'') is the present [[wikt:participle|participle]] of the [[Latin]] word ''cado'' meaning "to fall", hence "falling",<ref name="RWB">{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page =314}}</ref> referring to the leaning habit of this species.<ref name="environment" /> |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
==Distribution and habitat== |
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[[Category:Eucalyptus|cadens]] |
[[Category:Eucalyptus|cadens]] |
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[[Category:Myrtales of Australia]] |
[[Category:Myrtales of Australia]] |
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[[Category:Flora of Victoria ( |
[[Category:Flora of Victoria (state)]] |
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[[Category:Trees of Australia]] |
[[Category:Trees of Australia]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Michael Crisp]] |
[[Category:Taxa named by Michael Crisp]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1989]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Barbara G. Briggs]] |
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{{Eucalyptus-stub}} |
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{{Australia-rosid-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 04:54, 13 December 2023
| Tumble-down swamp gum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Eucalyptus cadens in the Warby Range | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Myrtaceae |
| Genus: | Eucalyptus |
| Species: | E. cadens
|
| Binomial name | |
| Eucalyptus cadens | |
Eucalyptus cadens, commonly known as the tumble-down swamp gum[3] or Warby Range swamp-gum[4] is a small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to a small area in north-eastern Victoria, Australia. It has rough, compacted bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth bark above, narrow elliptic to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical fruit.
Description[edit]
Eucalyptus cadens is a spreading tree that grows to a height of 25 metres (82 ft) with a characteristic leaning habit, and forms a lignotuber. The bark on the lower 1–6 metres (3 ft 3 in – 19 ft 8 in) of the trunk is rough, compacted and greyish brown to black. The higher parts of the trunk and branches have some greyish green bark, often with a few ribbons of shed bark. Young plants and coppice regrowth have elliptic to oblong leaves, 17–57 mm (0.67–2.2 in) long, 5–35 mm (0.20–1.4 in) wide and have a petiole. Adult leaves are narrow elliptic to lance-shaped or curved, the same colour on both sides, 50–130 mm (2.0–5.1 in) long and 9–20 mm (0.4–0.8 in) wide with a petiole 5–17 mm (0.2–0.7 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven in leaf axils on a peduncle 2–6 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long, the individual buds on a pedicel 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in). Mature buds are oval, spindle-shaped or diamond-shaped with a conical or slightly beaked operculum 2.5–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long. Flowering occurs between March and June and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, conical capsule 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long and 4–6 mm (0.2–0.2 in) wide that is either sessile or on a pedicel up to 2 mm (0.079 in) long. The valves protrude beyond the rim of the capsule.[3][4][5][6][7]
Taxonomy and naming[edit]
Eucalyptus cadens was first formally described in 1989 by Barbara Briggs and Michael Crisp from a specimen at "the eastern foot of the Warby Range, between Wangaratta and Glenrowan".[8] The specific epithet (cadens) is the present participle of the Latin word cado meaning "to fall", hence "falling",[9] referring to the leaning habit of this species.[4]
Distribution and habitat[edit]
Tumble-down swamp gum grows in woodlands, often in or around springs, soaks and waterbodies in the south-eastern foothills of the Pilot Range near Beechworth and Wooragee and in the eastern foothills of the Warby Range.[4]
Conservation[edit]
Eucalyptus cadens is classified as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the Victorian Government Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988. The main threats to the species include grazing by domestic stock, weed invasion and changes in hydrology.[5][6]
References[edit]
- ^ Fensham, R.; Laffineur, B.; Collingwood, T. (2019). "Eucalyptus cadens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T133373572A133373574. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133373572A133373574.en. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
- ^ "Eucalyptus cadens". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
- ^ a b "Eucalyptus cadens Tumble-down swamp gum". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Conservation Advice Eucalyptus cadens - Warby Range swamp gum" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
- ^ a b "National Recovery Plan for the Warby Range Swamp-gum Eucalyptus cadens" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
- ^ a b Brooker, Ian; Slee, Andrew V. "Eucalyptus cadens". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
- ^ A Field Guide to Eucalypts - Brooker & Kleinig volume 1, ISBN 0-909605-62-9 page 280
- ^ "Eucalyptus cadens". APNI. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
- ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 314.