Eucalyptus socialis: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Eucalyptus socialis flower.jpg|thumb|''Eucalyptus socialis'' flowers]] |
[[File:Eucalyptus socialis flower.jpg|thumb|''Eucalyptus socialis'' flowers]] |
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[[File:Eucalyptus socialis.jpg|thumb|''Eucalyptus socialis'' habit]] |
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'''''Eucalyptus socialis''''', commonly known as the '''pointed mallee'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dn.com.au/Eucalypts_of_South_Australia_Common_Names_List.html|title=Native Eucalypts of South Australia|author=Dean Nicolle|accessdate=18 October 2016}}</ref> or '''red mallee''', is a tree native to inland [[Australia]].<ref name="floransw">{{NSW Flora Online|genus=Eucalyptus |species=socialis|author=K.Hill}}</ref> |
'''''Eucalyptus socialis''''', commonly known as the '''pointed mallee'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dn.com.au/Eucalypts_of_South_Australia_Common_Names_List.html|title=Native Eucalypts of South Australia|author=Dean Nicolle|accessdate=18 October 2016}}</ref> or '''red mallee''', is a tree native to inland [[Australia]].<ref name="floransw">{{NSW Flora Online|genus=Eucalyptus |species=socialis|author=K.Hill}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 23:43, 3 November 2017
| Pointed mallee | |
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| Eucalyptus socialis Hattah-Kulkyne National Park, Victoria | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Myrtaceae |
| Genus: | Eucalyptus |
| Species: | E. socialis
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| Binomial name | |
| Eucalyptus socialis | |
Eucalyptus socialis, commonly known as the pointed mallee[1] or red mallee, is a tree native to inland Australia.[2]
Description
The mallee typically grows to a height of 5 metres (16 ft), but can reach as high as 12 metres (39 ft).[2] The species has grey bark that is rough on the trunk but smooth dull grey above and sheds in long thin ribbons.[3] It blooms in winter around July and produces inflorescences with yellow cream flowers.[3]
The grey-green, dull, concolorous adult leaves have a disjunct arrangement. The leaf blade has a lanceolate to broad-lanceolate shape and are 6 to 10 centimetres (2.4 to 3.9 in) in length and 1.2 to 2 cm (0.47 to 0.79 in) wide.[2]
The [inflorescence]]s are found on seven to thirteen flowered umbellasters. The buds have an ovoid to fusiform shape and are 9 to 14 millimetres (0.35 to 0.55 in) in length with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm (0.16 to 0.20 in). It will form globose shaped fruit with a length of 5 to 9 mm (0.20 to 0.35 in) and a 5 to 8 mm (0.20 to 0.31 in) diameter. The fruit have a depressed disc depressed and exserted valves with attenuate tips.[2]
Taxonomy
The species was first formally described by the botanist Miquel in 1856 as part of the work Stirpes Novo-Hollandas a Ferd Mullero collectas determinavit as published in Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief.[4]
Identified subspecies of the mallee include:
- Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica (L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill) D.Nicolle[5]
- Eucalyptus socialis subsp. victoriensis D.Nicolle[6]
E. socialis and E. gillii have undergone extensive hybridisation in parts of the Barrier Range of New South Wales.[2]
Distribution
It is one of the most wide-spread mallee species in Australia.[7] In Western Australia it is found on calcareous flats and rocky scree slopes in the Pilbara and Goldfields-Esperance regions where it grows in red-grey loam over limestone.[3] In New South Wales it is found west from Condoblin with a sporadic distribution from Wilcannia. In these areas it is found in mallee shrubland communities on red aeolian sands.[2]
Uses
E. socialis is suitable to produce large amounts of biomass, able to make 10 to 20 metric tons (11 to 22 short tons) per hectare per year. In wheatbelt regions it is also beneficial as the tree will reduce salinity, give shade to stock, act as a windbreak and reduce erosion.[7]
References
- ^ Dean Nicolle. "Native Eucalypts of South Australia". Retrieved 18 October 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f K.Hill. "New South Wales Flora Online: Eucalyptus socialis". Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
- ^ a b c "Eucalyptus socialis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ "Eucalyptus socialis F.Muell. ex Miq". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
- ^ "Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ "Eucalyptus socialis subsp. victoriensis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ a b "Mallee". Biomass Producer. Australian Government. 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2017.