Eucalyptus socialis: Difference between revisions
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There are four identified [[subspecies]] of the mallee:<ref name=vicflora>{{cite web|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/da9bd958-5769-4d5d-9393-27e6c9ebd884|title=Eucalyptus socialis F.Muell. ex Miq. Grey Mallee|accessdate=4 November 2017|work=VicFlora|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria}}</ref> |
There are four identified [[subspecies]] of the mallee:<ref name=vicflora>{{cite web|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/da9bd958-5769-4d5d-9393-27e6c9ebd884|title=Eucalyptus socialis F.Muell. ex Miq. Grey Mallee|accessdate=4 November 2017|work=VicFlora|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria}}</ref> |
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* ''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''eucentrica'' <small>(L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill) D.Nicolle</small><ref>{{FloraBase|name=''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''eucentrica''|id=19576}}</ref> |
* ''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''eucentrica'' <small>(L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill) D.Nicolle</small><ref>{{FloraBase|name=''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''eucentrica''|id=19576}}</ref> |
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* ''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''socialis''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/scotia/key/Plants%20and%20Fungi%20of%20south%20western%20NSW/Media/Html/Eucalyptus_socialis_ssp._socialis.htm|title=''Eucalyptus socialis'' ssp. ''socialis''|accessdate=4 November 2017|publisher=LucidCentral}}</ref> |
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* ''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''victoriensis'' <small>D.Nicolle</small><ref>{{FloraBase|name=''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''victoriensis''|id=29277}}</ref> |
* ''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''victoriensis'' <small>D.Nicolle</small><ref>{{FloraBase|name=''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''victoriensis''|id=29277}}</ref> |
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* ''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''viridans''<ref name=ssa>{{cite web|url=http://saseedbank.com.au/species_information.php?rid=1873|title=Eucalyptus socialis ssp. viridans (Myrtaceae) Green-leaved Red Mallee|accessdate=4 November 2017|work=Seeds of South Australia|publisher=[[Government of South Australia]]}}</ref> |
* ''Eucalyptus socialis'' subsp. ''viridans''<ref name=ssa>{{cite web|url=http://saseedbank.com.au/species_information.php?rid=1873|title=Eucalyptus socialis ssp. viridans (Myrtaceae) Green-leaved Red Mallee|accessdate=4 November 2017|work=Seeds of South Australia|publisher=[[Government of South Australia]]}}</ref> |
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[[Category:Flora of South Australia]] |
[[Category:Flora of South Australia]] |
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[[Category:Trees of Australia]] |
[[Category:Trees of Australia]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in |
[[Category:Plants described in 1856]] |
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[[Category:Mallees (habit)]] |
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Revision as of 00:07, 4 November 2017
| Pointed mallee | |
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| Eucalyptus socialis Hattah-Kulkyne National Park, Victoria | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Myrtaceae |
| Genus: | Eucalyptus |
| Species: | E. socialis
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| Binomial name | |
| Eucalyptus socialis | |
Eucalyptus socialis, commonly known as the pointed mallee,[1] grey mallee,[2] or red mallee, is a tree native to inland Australia.[3]
Description
The mallee typically grows to a height of 5 metres (16 ft), but can reach as high as 12 metres (39 ft).[3] The species has grey bark that is rough on the trunk but smooth dull grey above and sheds in long thin ribbons.[4] It blooms in winter around July and produces inflorescences with yellow cream flowers.[4]
The grey-green, dull, concolorous adult leaves have a disjunct arrangement. The leaf blade has a lanceolate to broad-lanceolate shape and are 6 to 10 centimetres (2.4 to 3.9 in) in length and 1.2 to 2 cm (0.47 to 0.79 in) wide.[3]
The [inflorescence]]s are found on seven to thirteen flowered umbellasters. The buds have an ovoid to fusiform shape and are 9 to 14 millimetres (0.35 to 0.55 in) in length with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm (0.16 to 0.20 in). It will form globose shaped fruit with a length of 5 to 9 mm (0.20 to 0.35 in) and a 5 to 8 mm (0.20 to 0.31 in) diameter. The fruit have a depressed disc depressed and exserted valves with attenuate tips.[3]
Taxonomy
The species was first formally described by the botanist Miquel in 1856 as part of the work Stirpes Novo-Hollandas a Ferd Mullero collectas determinavit as published in Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief.[5]
The species name socialis is from the Latin word meaning friendly; alluding to this species being associated with other eucalyptus species as part of mallee communities.[6]
There are four identified subspecies of the mallee:[2]
- Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica (L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill) D.Nicolle[7]
- Eucalyptus socialis subsp. socialis[8]
- Eucalyptus socialis subsp. victoriensis D.Nicolle[9]
- Eucalyptus socialis subsp. viridans[6]
E. socialis and E. gillii have undergone extensive hybridisation in parts of the Barrier Range of New South Wales.[3]
Distribution
It is one of the most wide-spread mallee species in Australia.[10] In Western Australia it is found on calcareous flats and rocky scree slopes in the Pilbara and Goldfields-Esperance regions where it grows in red-grey loam over limestone.[4] In New South Wales it is found west from Condoblin with a sporadic distribution from Wilcannia. In these areas it is found in mallee shrubland communities on red aeolian sands.[3] In Victoria it is found in the north west of the state extending from the Murray Mallee bioregion east to the Victorian riverina.[2]
Uses
E. socialis is suitable to produce large amounts of biomass, able to make 10 to 20 metric tons (11 to 22 short tons) per hectare per year. In wheatbelt regions it is also beneficial as the tree will reduce salinity, give shade to stock, act as a windbreak and reduce erosion.[10]
References
- ^ Dean Nicolle. "Native Eucalypts of South Australia". Retrieved 18 October 2016.
- ^ a b c "Eucalyptus socialis F.Muell. ex Miq. Grey Mallee". VicFlora. Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f K.Hill. "New South Wales Flora Online: Eucalyptus socialis". Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
- ^ a b c "Eucalyptus socialis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ "Eucalyptus socialis F.Muell. ex Miq". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
- ^ a b "Eucalyptus socialis ssp. viridans (Myrtaceae) Green-leaved Red Mallee". Seeds of South Australia. Government of South Australia. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
- ^ "Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ "Eucalyptus socialis ssp. socialis". LucidCentral. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
- ^ "Eucalyptus socialis subsp. victoriensis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ a b "Mallee". Biomass Producer. Australian Government. 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2017.