Felis lunensis: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Extinct species of felid}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| fossil_range = [[Pliocene]] to [[Pleistocene]]<ref name="TPBDB">[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_name=Felis+lunensis&is_real_user=1 The Paleobiology Database ''Felis lunensis'' entry] Accessed on 14 March 2010</ref> {{Fossilrange|2.5|.0781}}
| fossil_range = [[Pliocene]] to [[Pleistocene]]<ref name="TPBDB">{{cite web |url=http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_name=Felis+lunensis&is_real_user=1 |website=The Paleobiology Database |title=''Felis lunensis'' |access-date=14 March 2010 |archive-date=17 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017014543/http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_name=Felis+lunensis&is_real_user=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{Fossilrange|2.5|0.0781}}
| image = Felis lunensis.JPG
| image = Felis lunensis.JPG
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| image_caption = Fragment of ''f. lunensis'' fossilized jawbone, at Museo di Paleontologia di Firenze
| image_width = 250px
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| genus = Felis
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| image_caption = Fragment of ''f. lunensis'' fossilized jawbone
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| species = lunensis
| extinct = yes
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
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| authority = [[Alessandro Martelli|Martelli]], 1906
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
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| synonyms = ''Felis silvestris lunensis''<br>Martelli's cat
| ordo = [[Carnivora]]
| familia = [[Felidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Felinae]]
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| genus = ''[[Felis]]''
| species = †'''''F. lunensis'''''
| binomial = ''Felis lunensis''
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| binomial_authority = [[Ugolino Martelli|Martelli]], 1906
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| synonyms = ''Felis silvestris lunensis''<br>''Martelli's Cat''
}}
}}
'''''Felis lunensis''','' or the '''Martelli's cat''' is an [[extinction|extinct]] [[Felidae|felid]] of the subfamily [[Felinae]].


==Evolution and taxonomy==
'''''Felis lunensis''''' ('''Martelli's Cat''') is an [[extinction|extinct]] [[Felidae|felid]] of the subfamily [[Felinae]]. Around 12 million years ago, the genus ''Felis'' appeared and eventually gave rise to many of the modern small cats. ''Felis lunensis'' was one of the first modern ''Felis'' species appearing around 2.5 million years ago in the [[Pliocene]]. Fossil specimens of ''F. lunensis'' have been recovered in [[Italy]] and [[Hungary]].<ref name="TPBDB"/> Fossil evidence suggests the modern European wildcat ''[[Felis silvestris]]'' may have evolved from ''F. lunensis'' during the Middle Pleistocene.<ref name="Yama2004">{{cite journal |last1=Yamaguchi |first1=N. |coauthors = ''et al'' |year=2004 |title= Craniological differentiation between European wildcats (''Felis silvestris silvestris''), African wildcats (''F. s. lybica'') and Asian wildcats (''F. s. ornata''): implications for their evolution and conservation |journal= Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=83 |pages=47–63 |url=http://www.filogenetica.org/cursos/deluna/morfometria/casos%20de%20estudio/catSkulls.pdf}}</ref> This has resulted in ''F. lunensis'' occasionally being considered a subspecies of ''Felis silvestris''.
Around 12&nbsp;million years ago, the genus ''[[Felis]]'' appeared and eventually gave rise to many of the modern small cats. ''Felis lunensis'' was one of the first modern ''Felis'' species, appearing around 2.5&nbsp;million years ago in the [[Pliocene]]. Fossil specimens of ''F.&nbsp;lunensis'' have been recovered in [[Italy]] and [[Hungary]].<ref name="TPBDB"/> Fossil evidence suggests the modern European wildcat ''[[Felis silvestris]]'' may have evolved from ''F.&nbsp;lunensis'' during the Middle Pleistocene.<ref name="Yama2004">{{cite journal |last1=Yamaguchi |first1=Nobuyuki|last2=Driscoll |first2=Carlos A.|last3=Kitchener |first3=Andrew C.|last4=Ward |first4=Jennifer M.|last5=Macdonald |first5=David W.|year=2004 |title=Craniological differentiation between European wildcats (''Felis silvestris silvestris''), African wildcats (''F. s. lybica'') and Asian wildcats (''F. s. ornata''): Implications for their evolution and conservation |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=83|issue=1|pages=47–63 |url=http://www.filogenetica.org/cursos/deluna/morfometria/casos%20de%20estudio/catSkulls.pdf |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00372.x|doi-access=free|s2cid=86414815}}</ref> This has resulted in ''F.&nbsp;lunensis'' occasionally being considered a subspecies of ''Felis silvestris''.


The [[holotype]] specimen was first described by the naturalist Martelli in 1906 and is now preserved in the collections of the [[University of Florence]] in Italy.<ref name="Cioppi1983">{{cite journal |last1=Cioppi |first1=E. |coauthor = Mazzini M. |year=1983 |title= Catalogue of type specimens in the vertebrate collections of the museum of geology and paleontology of the University of Florence (Italy). II: Carnivora, Felidae |journal= Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali Residente in Pisa |volume=90 |pages=227–236 |url=http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=9188603}}</ref>
''Felis lunensis'' first [[Scientific description|described]] by [[Alessandro Martelli]] in 1906 was a [[mandible]] [[Excavation (archaeology)|excavated]] in Pliocene deposits near Olivola in [[Tuscany]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Martelli |first1=A. |year=1906 |title=Su due Mustelidi e un Felide del Pliocene Toscano |trans-title=About two Mustelids and one Felid of Pliocene Toscana |journal=Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana |volume=25 |pages=595–612 |url=https://archive.org/details/bollettinodellas2519soci/page/606}}</ref> The [[holotype]] specimen is now preserved in the collection of the [[University of Florence]] in Italy.<ref name="Cioppi1983">{{cite journal |last1=Cioppi |first1=E. |last2=Mazzini |first2=M. |year=1983 |series=Catalogue of type specimens in the vertebrate collections of the museum of geology and paleontology of the University of Florence (Italy) |title=Part&nbsp;II: Carnivora, Felidae |journal=Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali Residente in Pisa |volume=90 |pages=227–236 |url=http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=9188603}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|25em}}


==Further reading==
*{{cite journal|last1=Lewis|first1=Mark|last2=Pacher|first2=Martina|last3=Turner|first3=Alana|date=December 2010|title=The Larger Carnivora of the West Runton Freshwater Bed|url= |journal=Quaternary International|volume=228|issue=1–2|pages=116–135|doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2010.06.022 |bibcode=2010QuInt.228..116L }}
*{{cite journal |last1=Petronio|first1=Carmelo|last2=Angelone|first2=Chiara|last3=Atzori|first3=Pietro|last4=Famiani|first4=Federico|last5=Kotsakis|first5=Tassos|last6=Salari|first6=Leonardo|date=15 October 2020|title=Review and New Data of the Fossil Remains from Monte Peglia (Late Early Pleistocene, Central Italy)|url= |journal=Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia|volume=126|issue=3|pages= |doi=10.13130/2039-4942/14413 |access-date=}}
*{{cite book|last1=Allred|first1=Alexandra Powe|date=May 14, 2014|title=Cats' Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of Mysterious Mousers, Talented Tabbies, and Feline Oddities|publisher=Potomac Books|pages= |isbn=9781612342931}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q5442094}}
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[[Category:Felis|lunensis]]
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[[Category:Animals described in 1906]]
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[[Category:Extinct mammals of Europe]]
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[[Category:Extinct carnivorans]]
[[Category:Prehistoric felines]]
{{cat-stub}}


[[uk:Felis lunensis]]
[[Category:Felis]]
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[[Category:Prehistoric carnivorans of Europe]]
[[vi:Mèo Martelli]]
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[[Category:Prehistoric felids]]
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[[Category:Pleistocene carnivorans]]
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[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1906]]


{{feline-stub}}{{paleo-carnivora-stub}}

Latest revision as of 09:45, 5 April 2024

Felis lunensis
Temporal range: Pliocene to Pleistocene[1] 2.5–0.0781 Ma
↓
Fragment of f. lunensis fossilized jawbone, at Museo di Paleontologia di Firenze
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Felis
Species:
†F. lunensis
Binomial name
†Felis lunensis
Martelli, 1906
Synonyms

Felis silvestris lunensis
Martelli's cat

Felis lunensis, or the Martelli's cat is an extinct felid of the subfamily Felinae.

Evolution and taxonomy[edit]

Around 12 million years ago, the genus Felis appeared and eventually gave rise to many of the modern small cats. Felis lunensis was one of the first modern Felis species, appearing around 2.5 million years ago in the Pliocene. Fossil specimens of F. lunensis have been recovered in Italy and Hungary.[1] Fossil evidence suggests the modern European wildcat Felis silvestris may have evolved from F. lunensis during the Middle Pleistocene.[2] This has resulted in F. lunensis occasionally being considered a subspecies of Felis silvestris.

Felis lunensis first described by Alessandro Martelli in 1906 was a mandible excavated in Pliocene deposits near Olivola in Tuscany.[3] The holotype specimen is now preserved in the collection of the University of Florence in Italy.[4]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Felis lunensis". The Paleobiology Database. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2010.
  2. ^ Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki; Driscoll, Carlos A.; Kitchener, Andrew C.; Ward, Jennifer M.; Macdonald, David W. (2004). "Craniological differentiation between European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris), African wildcats (F. s. lybica) and Asian wildcats (F. s. ornata): Implications for their evolution and conservation" (PDF). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 83 (1): 47–63. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00372.x. S2CID 86414815.
  3. ^ Martelli, A. (1906). "Su due Mustelidi e un Felide del Pliocene Toscano" [About two Mustelids and one Felid of Pliocene Toscana]. Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana. 25: 595–612.
  4. ^ Cioppi, E.; Mazzini, M. (1983). "Part II: Carnivora, Felidae". Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali Residente in Pisa. Catalogue of type specimens in the vertebrate collections of the museum of geology and paleontology of the University of Florence (Italy). 90: 227–236.

Further reading[edit]

  • Lewis, Mark; Pacher, Martina; Turner, Alana (December 2010). "The Larger Carnivora of the West Runton Freshwater Bed". Quaternary International. 228 (1–2): 116–135. Bibcode:2010QuInt.228..116L. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2010.06.022.
  • Petronio, Carmelo; Angelone, Chiara; Atzori, Pietro; Famiani, Federico; Kotsakis, Tassos; Salari, Leonardo (15 October 2020). "Review and New Data of the Fossil Remains from Monte Peglia (Late Early Pleistocene, Central Italy)". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 126 (3). doi:10.13130/2039-4942/14413.
  • Allred, Alexandra Powe (May 14, 2014). Cats' Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of Mysterious Mousers, Talented Tabbies, and Feline Oddities. Potomac Books. ISBN 9781612342931.


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