Ficus sansibarica: Difference between revisions
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|name = Knobbly fig |
|name = Knobbly fig |
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* ''F. zanzibarica'' <small>Boeck. ex Engl.</small><ref name=tpl>{{cite web |title=''Ficus sansibarica'' Warb. |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-2812180 |work=The Plant List | series = Version 1 | year = 2010 |accessdate=5 July 2013 }}</ref> |
* ''F. zanzibarica'' <small>Boeck. ex Engl.</small><ref name=tpl>{{cite web |title=''Ficus sansibarica'' Warb. |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-2812180 |work=The Plant List | series = Version 1 | year = 2010 |accessdate=5 July 2013 }}</ref> |
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The '''Knobbly fig''' (''Ficus sansibarica'') is an African species of [[cauliflory|cauliflorous]] [[Ficus|fig]]. It is named after [[Zanzibar]], where [[Franz Stuhlmann]] discovered it in 1889.<ref name=plantz>{{cite web | last=Mtsweni | first=Patrick | title=''Ficus sansibarica'' Warb. | url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantefg/ficussansi.htm | work=plantzafrica.com | publisher=SANBI | accessdate=24 July 2013}}</ref> They regularly reach 10 m, but may grow up to 40 m tall as forest stranglers.<ref name=kcp>{{cite book |last=Palgrave |first=K.C. |title=Trees of Southern Africa |year=1984 |publisher=Struik |location=Cape Town |isbn=0-86977-081-0 |pages= |
The '''Knobbly fig''' (''Ficus sansibarica'') is an African species of [[cauliflory|cauliflorous]] [[Ficus|fig]]. It is named after [[Zanzibar]], where [[Franz Stuhlmann]] discovered it in 1889.<ref name=plantz>{{cite web | last=Mtsweni | first=Patrick | title=''Ficus sansibarica'' Warb. | url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantefg/ficussansi.htm | work=plantzafrica.com | publisher=SANBI | accessdate=24 July 2013}}</ref> They regularly reach 10 m, but may grow up to 40 m tall as forest stranglers.<ref name=kcp>{{cite book |last=Palgrave |first=K.C. |title=Trees of Southern Africa |year=1984 |publisher=Struik |location=Cape Town |isbn=0-86977-081-0 |pages=114–115}}</ref> It occurs in the tropics and subtropics from coastal elevations to 900 m above sea level.<ref name=iziko>{{cite web |last=Van Noort |title=''Ficus sansibarica sansibarica'' Warburg 1894 |url=http://www.figweb.org/Ficus/Subgenus_Urostigma/Section_Galoglychia/Subsection_Caulocarpae/Ficus_sansibarica_sansibarica.htm |work=Figweb |publisher=iziko museums |accessdate=7 January 2012 |display-authors=etal |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130033842/http://www.figweb.org/Ficus/Subgenus_Urostigma/Section_Galoglychia/Subsection_Caulocarpae/Ficus_sansibarica_sansibarica.htm |archivedate=30 November 2012 |df= }}</ref> They prefer deep sandy soil and often start life as a strangler.<ref name=vw>{{cite book|last=Van Wyk |first=Braam|title=Field Guide to the Trees of Southern Africa |year=1997 |publisher=Struik |location=Cape Town |isbn=1-86825-922-6 |page=78 |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name=palmer/> The pollinating wasp is ''[[Courtella armata]]''.<ref name=iziko/> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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The light grey bark is fairly smooth, though lumpy and folded.<ref name=kcp/> The smooth leaves are up to 13 |
The light grey bark is fairly smooth, though lumpy and folded.<ref name=kcp/> The smooth leaves are up to 13 cm long and oblong-obovate.<ref name=palmer>{{cite book |last=Palmer |first=Eve |authorlink=Eve Palmer|title=A Field Guide to the Trees of Southern Africa |pages = 89–90 | year=1977 |publisher=Collins |location=London, Johannesburg |isbn=0-620-05468-9}}</ref> They have parallel sides and are carried on slender petioles.<ref name=kcp/> |
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The large (up to 5 |
The large (up to 5 cm), bitter-tasting figs appear in groups of 2 or 3 during the summer months.<ref name=kcp/> They grow on the characteristic wart-like, leafless branchlets on the trunk and main branches (i.e. old wood).<ref name=vw/> |
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''[[Ficus chirindensis|F. chirindensis]]'' of the forests of southeastern Zimbabwe and adjacent Mozambique is similar, but has the leaves more oval, often has [[buttress root]]s,<ref name=vw/> and bears the small (1.5 |
''[[Ficus chirindensis|F. chirindensis]]'' of the forests of southeastern Zimbabwe and adjacent Mozambique is similar, but has the leaves more oval, often has [[buttress root]]s,<ref name=vw/> and bears the small (1.5 cm) figs in stalked pairs on second year branches.<ref name=kcp/> |
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==Races and status== |
==Races and status== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* {{Commons category-inline|Ficus sansibarica|''Ficus sansibarica''}} |
* {{Commons category-inline|Ficus sansibarica|''Ficus sansibarica''}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q15476842}} |
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[[Category:Ficus|sansibarica]] |
[[Category:Ficus|sansibarica]] |
Revision as of 14:57, 22 March 2018
Knobbly fig | |
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The nominate race in the Kruger Park | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | |
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Order: | |
Family: | |
Genus: | |
Species: | F. sansibarica
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Binomial name | |
Ficus sansibarica Warb. 1894
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Synonyms | |
The Knobbly fig (Ficus sansibarica) is an African species of cauliflorous fig. It is named after Zanzibar, where Franz Stuhlmann discovered it in 1889.[3] They regularly reach 10 m, but may grow up to 40 m tall as forest stranglers.[1] It occurs in the tropics and subtropics from coastal elevations to 900 m above sea level.[4] They prefer deep sandy soil and often start life as a strangler.[5][6] The pollinating wasp is Courtella armata.[4]
Description
The light grey bark is fairly smooth, though lumpy and folded.[1] The smooth leaves are up to 13 cm long and oblong-obovate.[6] They have parallel sides and are carried on slender petioles.[1]
The large (up to 5 cm), bitter-tasting figs appear in groups of 2 or 3 during the summer months.[1] They grow on the characteristic wart-like, leafless branchlets on the trunk and main branches (i.e. old wood).[5]
F. chirindensis of the forests of southeastern Zimbabwe and adjacent Mozambique is similar, but has the leaves more oval, often has buttress roots,[5] and bears the small (1.5 cm) figs in stalked pairs on second year branches.[1]
Races and status
- Ficus sansibarica (nom.) – East Africa: southern Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland
- F. s. macrosperma (Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret) C.C.Berg – West and Central Africa
The species is deemed critically endangered in Swaziland, where most are located in proposed sugar cane expansion areas near Sihoye.[7] On Inhaca Island however, it is held sacred by most communities, and is scrupulously protected.[3]
References
- ^ a b c d e f Palgrave, K.C. (1984). Trees of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik. pp. 114–115. ISBN 0-86977-081-0.
- ^ "Ficus sansibarica Warb". The Plant List. Version 1. 2010. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
- ^ a b Mtsweni, Patrick. "Ficus sansibarica Warb". plantzafrica.com. SANBI. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
- ^ a b Van Noort; et al. "Ficus sansibarica sansibarica Warburg 1894". Figweb. iziko museums. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2012.
{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Van Wyk, Braam; et al. (1997). Field Guide to the Trees of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik. p. 78. ISBN 1-86825-922-6.
- ^ a b Palmer, Eve (1977). A Field Guide to the Trees of Southern Africa. London, Johannesburg: Collins. pp. 89–90. ISBN 0-620-05468-9.
- ^ "SABONET Report No. 38" (PDF). Moraceae. p. 119. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
{{cite web}}
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External links
- Natureswow blogspot.com: Knobby Fig (Ficus sansibarica)
- Media related to Ficus sansibarica at Wikimedia Commons