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[[File:Fort Komenda 06.jpg|thumb|225x225px|Fort Komenda]] |
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{{Infobox military |
{{Infobox military installation |
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|name = Fort Komenda |
|name = Fort Komenda |
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|native_name = |
|native_name = |
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|partof = [[British Gold Coast]] |
|partof = [[British Gold Coast]] |
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|location = |
|location = |
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|image = |
|image = Forts at Komenda.jpg |
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|image_size = 250px |
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|caption = British Fort Komenda (left) and Dutch Fort Vredenburgh (right). Note the peculiar architecture of Fort Komenda in the plan of the fort (lower left). |
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|map_type = Ghana |
|map_type = Ghana |
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|latitude = 5.051745 |
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|longitude = -1.483541 |
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|map_size = |
|map_size = |
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|map_alt = |
|map_alt = |
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|map_caption = |
|map_caption = |
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|type = |
|type = |
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|coordinates = |
|coordinates = {{coord|5.050000|-1.489444|type:landmark|display=inline}} |
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|code = |
|code = |
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|built = {{Start date|1682}} |
|built = {{Start date|1682}} |
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|image2 = |
|image2 = |
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|caption2 = |
|caption2 = |
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|footnotes={{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site |
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| child = yes |
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| part_of = [[List of castles in Ghana|Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions]] |
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| criteria = {{UNESCO WHS type|(vi)}}(vi) |
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| ID = 34 |
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| year = 1979 |
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}} |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Fort Komenda''' was a British fort on the [[Gold Coast (region)|Gold Coast]], currently preserved as a ruin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamuseums.org/forts/fort-british.php|title=Ghana Museums & Monuments Board|website=www.ghanamuseums.org|access-date=2019-10-19}}</ref> Because of its testimony to the [[Atlantic slave trade]] and European economic and colonial influence in West Africa, the fort was inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage List]] in 1979, along with several [[List of castles in Ghana|other castles and forts in Ghana]].<ref name="unesco">{{cite web|title=Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/34/|website=UNESCO World Heritage Convention|access-date=9 Oct 2022}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The ruin of the fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of [[Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty (1867)|a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands]] in 1868. When a Dutch navy ship entered the harbour of Komenda, however, the local population resisted the transfer of the fort to the Dutch. Through the use of force, Dutch rule was eventually established. Between December 1869 and January 1870, [[Dutch Gold Coast expedition of 1869–1870| |
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== History == |
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| ⚫ | Fort Komenda was established between 1695 and 1698 at [[Komenda, Ghana|Komenda]], in contemporary [[Ghana]]. The fort had a very peculiar architecture, as this four-bastioned structure was built around an earlier four-bastioned English trading post, built in 1633.<ref>Simon Pratt - [http://www.fsgfort.com/uploads/pdfs/Public/Pratt%20C91%20Pb.pdf Forts of Ghana], p. 20</ref> Fort Komenda was within cannon-shot distance to the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[Fort Vredenburgh]]. It was abandoned in 1816, after the abolition of slave trade.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamuseums.org/forts/fort-british.php|title=Ghana Museums & Monuments Board|website=www.ghanamuseums.org|access-date=2016-09-22}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The ruin of the fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of [[Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty (1867)|a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands]] in 1868. When a Dutch navy ship entered the harbour of [[Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem (Ghana parliament constituency)|Komenda]], however, the local population resisted the transfer of the fort to the Dutch. Through the use of force, Dutch rule was eventually established. Between December 1869 and January 1870, [[Dutch Gold Coast expedition of 1869–1870|a military expedition]] was sent to the local capital of Kwassie-Krom. A deadly battle ensued, but the Dutch managed to emerge as victors. It was a [[Pyrrhic victory]], however, as the ongoing problems with the local population meant that on 6 April 1872, the entire [[Dutch Gold Coast]], was again transferred to the United Kingdom, as per the [[Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870-1871|Gold Coast treaty of 1871]]. |
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== Gallery == |
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<gallery> |
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File:Fort Komenda 16.jpg|The ruins of Fort Komenda found in British Komenda in the Central Region |
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File:Fort Komenda 02.jpg |
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File:Fort Komenda 10.jpg |
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File:Fort Komenda 03.jpg |
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File:Fort Komenda 05.jpg |
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</gallery> |
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== See also == |
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*[[Komenda Wars]] |
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*[[John Cabess]] |
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===Citations=== |
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{{commons category|Fort Komenda}} |
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{{Gold Coast}} |
{{Gold Coast}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1633]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1682]] |
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[[Category:Dutch Gold Coast]] |
[[Category:Dutch Gold Coast]] |
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[[Category:1633 establishments in the British Empire]] |
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[[Category:Forts in Ghana|Komenda]] |
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[[Category:African resistance to colonialism]] |
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Latest revision as of 21:31, 11 March 2024
| Fort Komenda | |
|---|---|
| Part of British Gold Coast | |
 British Fort Komenda (left) and Dutch Fort Vredenburgh (right). Note the peculiar architecture of Fort Komenda in the plan of the fort (lower left). | |
  Fort Komenda | |
| Coordinates | 5°03′00″N 1°29′22″W / 5.050000°N 1.489444°W |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1682 |
| Garrison information | |
| Occupants | Britain (1695-1868) Netherlands (1868-1872) |
| Part of | Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions |
| Criteria | Cultural: (vi) |
| Reference | 34 |
| Inscription | 1979 (3rd Session) |
Fort Komenda was a British fort on the Gold Coast, currently preserved as a ruin.[1] Because of its testimony to the Atlantic slave trade and European economic and colonial influence in West Africa, the fort was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979, along with several other castles and forts in Ghana.[2]
History[edit]
Fort Komenda was established between 1695 and 1698 at Komenda, in contemporary Ghana. The fort had a very peculiar architecture, as this four-bastioned structure was built around an earlier four-bastioned English trading post, built in 1633.[3] Fort Komenda was within cannon-shot distance to the Dutch Fort Vredenburgh. It was abandoned in 1816, after the abolition of slave trade.[4]
The ruin of the fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands in 1868. When a Dutch navy ship entered the harbour of Komenda, however, the local population resisted the transfer of the fort to the Dutch. Through the use of force, Dutch rule was eventually established. Between December 1869 and January 1870, a military expedition was sent to the local capital of Kwassie-Krom. A deadly battle ensued, but the Dutch managed to emerge as victors. It was a Pyrrhic victory, however, as the ongoing problems with the local population meant that on 6 April 1872, the entire Dutch Gold Coast, was again transferred to the United Kingdom, as per the Gold Coast treaty of 1871.
Gallery[edit]
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The ruins of Fort Komenda found in British Komenda in the Central Region -
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-
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See also[edit]
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
- ^ "Ghana Museums & Monuments Board". www.ghanamuseums.org. Retrieved 2019-10-19.
- ^ "Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions". UNESCO World Heritage Convention. Retrieved 9 Oct 2022.
- ^ Simon Pratt - Forts of Ghana, p. 20
- ^ "Ghana Museums & Monuments Board". www.ghanamuseums.org. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fort Komenda.