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He also studied [[natural phenol]]s and [[tannin]]s<ref>{{cite pmid|16742048|noedit}}</ref> found in different plant species. He showed in 1945 that [[luteic acid]], a molecule present in the [[myrobalanitannin]], a tannin found in the fruit of ''[[Terminalia chebula]]'', is an intermediary compound in the synthesis of [[ellagic acid]].<ref>{{Cite PMID|21020785|noedit}}</ref> Working with [[Arthur George Perkin]], he prepared [[ellagic acid]] from [[algarobilla]] and certain other [[fruit]]s in 1905.<ref>{{Cite doi|10.1039/CT9058701412|noedit}}</ref> He suggested its formation from [[galloyl]]-[[glycine]] by ''[[Penicillium]]'' in 1915.<ref>{{Cite pmid|16742368|noedit}}</ref> [[Tannase]] is an enzyme that Niederstein used to produce m-[[digallic acid]] from [[gallotannin]]s.<ref>{{cite pmid|16744910|noedit}}</ref> He proved the presence of [[catechin]] in [[cocoa bean]]s in 1931.<ref>{{Cite doi|10.1021/ja01353a041|noedit}}</ref>
He also studied [[natural phenol]]s and [[tannin]]s<ref>{{cite pmid|16742048|noedit}}</ref> found in different plant species. He showed in 1945 that [[luteic acid]], a molecule present in the [[myrobalanitannin]], a tannin found in the fruit of ''[[Terminalia chebula]]'', is an intermediary compound in the synthesis of [[ellagic acid]].<ref>{{Cite PMID|21020785|noedit}}</ref> Working with [[Arthur George Perkin]], he prepared [[ellagic acid]] from [[algarobilla]] and certain other [[fruit]]s in 1905.<ref>{{Cite doi|10.1039/CT9058701412|noedit}}</ref> He suggested its formation from [[galloyl]]-[[glycine]] by ''[[Penicillium]]'' in 1915.<ref>{{Cite pmid|16742368|noedit}}</ref> [[Tannase]] is an enzyme that Niederstein used to produce m-[[digallic acid]] from [[gallotannin]]s.<ref>{{cite pmid|16744910|noedit}}</ref> He proved the presence of [[catechin]] in [[cocoa bean]]s in 1931.<ref>{{Cite doi|10.1021/ja01353a041|noedit}}</ref>


He also worked on milk and [[caseinogen]].<ref>{{Cite pmid|16742318|noedit}}</ref> He reviewed the discovery of [[lactose]] in 1936.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Discovery of Lactic Sugar|first= M.|last= Nierenstein|journal= Isis|month= February|year= 1936| volume =24|issue= 2| pages =367–369|jstor=225293|doi=10.1086/347034}}</ref>
He also worked on milk and [[caseinogen]].<ref>{{Cite pmid|16742318|noedit}}</ref> He reviewed the discovery of [[lactose]] in 1936.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Discovery of Lactic Sugar|first= M.|last= Nierenstein|journal= Isis|date=February 1936| volume =24|issue= 2| pages =367–369|jstor=225293|doi=10.1086/347034}}</ref>


== Works ==
== Works ==

Revision as of 10:20, 26 January 2014

Maximilian Nierenstein
Born1877
Died1946
Alma materUniversity of Bristol
Known forNierenstein reaction
Scientific career
FieldsBiochemistry

Maximilian Nierenstein (also known as Moses Max Nierenstein or Max Nierenstein, born in 1877 - died in 1946) was a professor of biochemistry at the University of Bristol.

He is known for the Nierenstein reaction, an organic reaction describing the conversion of an acid chloride into an haloketone with diazomethane.

In 1912, Polish biochemist Casimir Funk isolated a complex of micronutrients and proposed the complex be named "vitamine" (a portmanteau of "vital amine"), a name reportedly suggested by friend Max Nierenstein.[1][2]

He also studied natural phenols and tannins[3] found in different plant species. He showed in 1945 that luteic acid, a molecule present in the myrobalanitannin, a tannin found in the fruit of Terminalia chebula, is an intermediary compound in the synthesis of ellagic acid.[4] Working with Arthur George Perkin, he prepared ellagic acid from algarobilla and certain other fruits in 1905.[5] He suggested its formation from galloyl-glycine by Penicillium in 1915.[6] Tannase is an enzyme that Niederstein used to produce m-digallic acid from gallotannins.[7] He proved the presence of catechin in cocoa beans in 1931.[8]

He also worked on milk and caseinogen.[9] He reviewed the discovery of lactose in 1936.[10]

Works

  • Nierenstein, Moses Max (1904). Synthese des 2-Oxyflavonols.
  • Moore, Benjamin; Nierenstein, Maximilian; Todd, John Lancelot; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (1908). Concerning the Treatment of Experimental Trypanosomiasis.
  • Nierenstein, Maximilian (1910). Chemie der Gerbstoffe.
  • Nierenstein, M (1912). Organische Arsenverbindungen und ihre chemotherapeutische Bedeutung.
  • Nierenstein, M (1932). Incunabula of tannin chemistry: A collection of some early papers on the chemistry of the tannins reproduced in facsimile and published with annotations.
  • Nierenstein, Maximilian; Skene, Macgregor (1934). The Natural Organic Tannins: History, Chemistry, Distribution.

References

  1. ^ Combs, Gerald (2008). The vitamins: fundamental aspects in nutrition and health. ISBN 9780121834937.
  2. ^ Funk, C.; Dubin, H. E. (1922). The Vitamines. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Company.
  3. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 16742048, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=16742048 instead.
  4. ^ Template:Cite PMID
  5. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1039/CT9058701412, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1039/CT9058701412 instead.
  6. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 16742368, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=16742368 instead.
  7. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 16744910, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=16744910 instead.
  8. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1021/ja01353a041, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1021/ja01353a041 instead.
  9. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 16742318, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=16742318 instead.
  10. ^ Nierenstein, M. (February 1936). "The Discovery of Lactic Sugar". Isis. 24 (2): 367–369. doi:10.1086/347034. JSTOR 225293.

External links

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