John Gell (Royal Navy officer) and Sixten Sason: Difference between pages
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[[Image:Sixten Sason 1959.jpg|thumb|Sason with a Saab 92, 1959]] |
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{{Infobox Person |
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[[Image:1958saab92b.jpg|right|thumb|1958 Saab 92]] |
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| name = Admiral John Gell |
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| image = Admiral_John_Gell.jpg |
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| image_size = 240px |
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| caption = Captain John Gell |
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| birth_name = |
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| birth_date = 1740 |
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| birth_place = prob. [[Hopton Hall]] |
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| death_date = 1806 |
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| death_place = [[Llangattock]] near [[Crickhowell]] |
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| death_cause = Apoplexy |
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| resting_place = |
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| resting_place_coordinates = |
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| residence = Glanusk Villa [[Llangattock]] near [[Crickhowell]] |
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| nationality =[[England|English]] |
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| other_names = |
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| known_for = [[Admiral]] |
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| education = |
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| employer = |
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| occupation = British Navy |
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| title = |
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| term = |
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| predecessor = |
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| successor = |
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| party = |
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| boards = |
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| religion = |
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| spouse = |
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| children = none |
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| parents = John (Eyre) Gell and Isabella nee Jessop |
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| relatives = |
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| signature = |
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| website = |
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| footnotes = |
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}} |
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'''Sixten Sason''' (born '''Sixten Andersson'''; 1912 – 1967) was a [[Sweden|Swedish]] [[industrial designer|industrial designer]]. |
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[[Admiral (United Kingdom)|Admiral]] '''John Gell''' (1740–1806) was from the Gell and Eyre families of [[Hopton Hall]] in [[Derbyshire]]. He served with the British [[Royal Navy]], fighting in India and taking part in the occupation of [[Toulon]]. |
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<ref name=nmm>[http://www.nmm.ac.uk/mag/pages/mnuExplore/PaintingDetail.cfm?ID=BHC2708 Captain John Gell (1740-1806], National Maritime Museum, accessed [[4 October]] [[2008]] |
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</ref> |
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Sason started working for [[Saab]], designing aircraft throughout [[World War II]]. Following the war, the he was asked to contribute to Project 92, the result of which would be the first [[Saab automobile]], the [[Saab 92]] which began production in 1949. Sason remained with Saab, designing the [[Saab 93|93]], [[Saab 95|95]], [[Saab 96|96]] and [[Saab 99|99]], as well as the first [[Saab Sonett|Sonett]]. |
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Gell was a commander in the Royal Navy for over |
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thirty years starting in 1762 following two years as a lieutenant. He was promoted to the |
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rank of Admiral in 1799 after completing duties in [[Nova Scotia]], [[Portugal]], [[Genoa]], the |
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[[East Indies]] and [[Toulon]].<ref name=met/> |
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Many of the unique design elements Sason implemented, particularly with the 99, dominated Saab design into the 1990s and continue to inform Saab’s design language today. Much of the company’s reputation for iconoclasm, ingenuity and quirkiness rests on his work. |
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In 1793, Gell's squadron captured a Spanish ship which contained two million dollars and packages valued at over 200,000 [[Pound sterling|pounds]].<ref name=foley/> |
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In addition to Saab, Sason designed consumer products for [[Electrolux]], [[Hasselblad]] (where he designed their first camera model in 1949) and [[Husqvarna]]. |
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==Biography== |
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Gell was born in 1740 to another John Gell of Hopton Hall. His father was born John Eyre but had taken the name Gell when he inherited the Gell fortune. Although his father had assumed the name Gell, this Gell was the great Grandson of the [[Roundhead|parliamentarian]] soldier, the first baronet, [[Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet|Sir John Gell]]<ref name=roth>[http://www.rotherhamweb.co.uk/h/gell.htm Gell of Hopton Hall], Rotherham web, accessed [[4 October]] [[2008]]</ref> The children of his elder brother, Philip Gell of Hopton Hall were mentioned in Gell's will.<ref name=odnb>[[J. K. Laughton]], [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10509 ‘Gell, John (c.1740–1806)’], rev. A. W. H. Pearsall, ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'', [[Oxford University Press]], 2004; online edition, January 2008, {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/10509}}. Retrieved 6 October 2008.</ref> |
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{{BD|1912|1967|Sason, Sixten}} |
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===Midshipman=== |
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[[Category:Automobile designers]] |
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The first known reference to Gell's career is when he joins [[HMS Triumph (1698)|HMS ''Prince'']] in 1757 and was promoted to Lieutenant on board [[HMS Conqueror (1758)|HMS ''Conqueror'']] in 1760<ref name=odnb/> which was to be wrecked the same year.<ref>Lavery, Brian (2003) ''The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850.'', p177, Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8</ref> |
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[[Category:Industrial designers]] |
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[[Category:Swedish people]] |
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[[de:Sixten Sason]] |
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===Captain Gell=== |
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[[ja:シクステン・セゾン]] |
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In 1776 he was appointed captain of the three year old [[HMS Thetis (1773)|HMS ''Thetis'']]. With this ship he served in the American, The Mediterranean and the Channel Fleets until he was given command of the [[Spanish ship Monarca (1756)|''Monarca'']].<ref name=lit>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=aS4FAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT736&lpg=PT736&dq=%22John+Gell%22+admiral&source=web&ots=IZn-nIEstW&sig=G2O0Dl0SFx9JU9w8C1MJspWgi1k&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=10&ct=result#PPT738,M1 The Literary Panorama, Obituary],1807</ref> This ship was unusual in that it had been built in 1756 and for the first 24 years it had been part of the Spanish Navy before being captured by the British at the [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)|Battle of Cape St. Vincent]] in 1780. Gell who was under the orders of [[Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood|Sir Samuel Hood]] to go to the [[West Indies]]. However the ship was lost its mast in a storm and was obliged to return to Britain for refitting.<ref name=hop>[http://www.wirksworth.org.uk/HOPCAT.htm Hopton Catalogue], Wirksworth.org</ref> |
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[[sv:Sixten Sason]] |
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[[Image:Captain_John_Gell_1785.jpg|left|thumb|The 1785 portrait by [[Gilbert Stuart]].]] |
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Gell was off the Indian coast during [[Edward Hughes (Royal Navy officer)|Sir Edward Hughes]]' five actions against the French admiral [[Pierre André de Suffren de Saint Tropez|Bailli de Suffren]] when Gell was in command of the 68 gun<ref name="Lavery-SoLvol1">Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1. p182.</ref> |
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[[Spanish ship Monarca (1756)|HMS ''Monarca'']]. |
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Gell and the ''Monarca'' did take part in the [[Battle of Cuddalore (1783)|Battle of Cuddalore]] in [[20 June]] [[1783]]. The battle was the last of the [[American Revolutionary War]] between a rival French and British fleet. The battle which took place off the coast of India near [[Cuddalore]] was inconclusive and was remarkable in that peace had already been signed in Europe, but the news had not been heard in Asia. The 200 or so soldiers killed were lost to a war already abandoned. |
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Gell returned to Europe in 1784 and received no command until 1790 when he was appointed to his last captaincy, of [[HMS Excellent (1787)|HMS ''Excellent'']]. |
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===Admiral Gell=== |
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On 1 February 1793 he was appointed to be an [[Rear Admiral of the Blue]],<ref>{{LondonGazette|issue=13499|startpage=99|date=2 February 1793|accessdate=2008-10-06}}</ref> and raised his flag on [[HMS St George (1785)|HMS ''St George'']].<ref name=lit/> The ''St George'' was under the command of [[Thomas Foley (Royal Navy officer)|Captain Foley]], later Sir Thomas Foley and "Hero of the Nile". Whilst in the Mediterranean with his division of the fleet, he was able to seize a French Privateer and its Spanish registered prize the ''St Jago''. These ships were said to be one of the most valuable prizes ever brought to England.<ref name=lit/> The prize was said to contain two million dollars and packages to the value of 200,000 to 300,000 pounds.<ref name=foley>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iOQKAAAAYAAJ&dq=gell+jago+ship&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 The Annual Biography and Obituary for the Year], 1834, accessed [[5 October]] [[2008]]</ref> The capture of this ship and its condemnation as a prize of war (rather than being returned to its Spanish owners) was said to be one of the causes for the subsequent war with Spain.<ref name=lit/> |
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The ownership of the Spanish ship was a matter of some debate and was not settled until 4 February 1795 when the value of the cargo was put at £935,000. At this time all the crew, captains, officers and admirals could expect to share in this prize, but it was Gell who had commanded the squadron. Admiral Lord Hood's share was £50,000. The ships that conveyed her to [[Portsmouth]] were the St George, [[HMS Egmont (1768)|HMS Egmont]], [[HMS Edgar (1779)|HMS Edgar]], [[HMS Ganges (1782)|HMS Ganges]] and [[HMS Phaeton (1782)|HMS Phaeton]].<ref name=ann>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=C8kLAAAAYAAJ&lpg=RA1-PA8&ots=RPvxGeVdOO&dq=%22admiral%20john%20gell%22&pg=RA1-PA6&ci=498,560,428,512&source=bookclip Annual Register], 1795, accessed [[6 October]], [[2008]]</ref> |
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In October 1793 his division of the fleet was able to obtain the surrender of a French frigate, the ''Modeste'' which had abused the neutrality of the port of [[Genoa]]. The battle was small and resulted in the death of one Frenchman from musket fire. The authorities at Genoa approved that the ''Modeste'' was taken as a spoil of war. After this he had to return to England for the last time due to ill health.<ref name=lit/><ref name=foley/> The capture of the ''Modeste'' was to have repercussions as again in 1794 the crew of the merchant ship ''Betty'' were murdered by French forces.<ref name=odnb/> |
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Hughes commissioned Gell's portrait from Sir Joshua Reynolds.<ref name=nmm/> He bequeathed the picture to Sir [[Hugh Palliser]] who gave the painting to the [[Greenwich Hospital]] only a few years later on his death in 1796.<ref name=nmm/> Gell was also involved in Hood's occupation on [[Toulon]].<ref name=nmm/> |
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Gell also sat for a portrait in 1785 when he completed his captaincy of the ''Monarca''. This time the portrait was full length and by the visiting American painter, [[Gilbert Stuart]]. Stuart was attempting only his second full length portrait under the guidance of Sir Joshua Reynolds.<ref name=met> |
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[http://www.metmuseum.org/works_of_art/recent_acquisitions/2000/co_rec_n_america_2000.450.asp Works of Art - Recent acquisitions], Metropolitan Museum of Art</ref> |
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[[Image:Naval_Temple%2C_The_Kymin.jpg|right|The Naval Temple - In honour of sixteen admirals|thumb]] |
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===Retirement and legacy=== |
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Despite taking no further commands, Gell was able to make his way to be an [[Admiral of the White]]<ref>{{LondonGazette|issue=15859|startpage=1373|date=5 November 1805|accessdate=2008-10-06}}</ref> as naval promotions were strictly by seniority as superiors either died or were moved aside. |
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In 1800 Gell was treated to a honour where his name was chosen by the [[The Kymin|Kymin Club]] to be among sixteen British Admirals to have their names and victories recorded on a special naval monument. The Kymin Club was a dining club presided over by the [[Henry Somerset, 5th Duke of Beaufort|Duke of Beaufort]] who had built a special round house on Kymin Hill east of Monmouth. At the end of the eighteenth century they arranged for a naval monument to be built to honour the sixteen admirals and the second anniversary of the [[Battle of the Nile]]. [[Horatio Nelson]] was not included but he did see Gell's name just a few years before his claim for fame at [[Trafalgar]]. |
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When Gell died in 1806 at his home in [[Crickhowell]] in South Wales,<ref name=lit/> he had left no wife or children who might have inherited the Gell's holdings in Derbyshire.<ref name=roth/> He left over four thousand pounds to his sisters, friends and to Philip Gell's children. His nephew Sir [[William Gell]] was a noted archaeologist.<ref name=odnb/> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Gell, John}} |
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[[Category:1760 births]] |
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[[Category:1806 deaths]] |
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[[Category:People from Derbyshire]] |
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[[Category:Royal Navy admirals]] |
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[[Category:British naval personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars]] |
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[[Category:British naval personnel of the American Revolutionary War]] |
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Revision as of 10:37, 11 October 2008
Sixten Sason (born Sixten Andersson; 1912 – 1967) was a Swedish industrial designer.
Sason started working for Saab, designing aircraft throughout World War II. Following the war, the he was asked to contribute to Project 92, the result of which would be the first Saab automobile, the Saab 92 which began production in 1949. Sason remained with Saab, designing the 93, 95, 96 and 99, as well as the first Sonett.
Many of the unique design elements Sason implemented, particularly with the 99, dominated Saab design into the 1990s and continue to inform Saab’s design language today. Much of the company’s reputation for iconoclasm, ingenuity and quirkiness rests on his work.
In addition to Saab, Sason designed consumer products for Electrolux, Hasselblad (where he designed their first camera model in 1949) and Husqvarna.