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{{Infobox Defunct company
{{short description|American aviation company}}
{{Infobox company
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| company_name = Robertson Aircraft Corporation
| company_logo = [[File:Robertson Aircraft Corporation 1928 TT Logo.jpg|thumb|center|300 px]]
| name = Robertson Aircraft Corporation
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| logo = Robertson Aircraft Corporation 1928 TT Logo.jpg
| slogan =
| slogan =
| company_type =
| type =
| fate =
| fate =
| Predecessor =
| Predecessor =
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| industry =
| industry =
| products =
| products =
| key_people = [[William B. Robertson|Maj. William B. Robertson]], Frank Robertson and H. H. Perkins
| key_people = [[William B. Robertson|Maj. William B. Robertson]] <br> Frank Robertson <br> H. H. Perkins
| num_employees =
| num_employees =
| parent = [[American Airlines]]
| parent = [[American Airlines]]
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}}
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'''Robertson Aircraft Coroporation''' was a post-[[World War I]] American aviation service company based at the [[Lambert Field|Lambert-St. Louis Flying Field]] near St. Louis, Missouri, that flew passengers and [[Airmails of the United States|U.S. Air Mail]], gave flying lessons, and performed exhibition flights. It also modified, re-manufactured, and resold surplus military aircraft including [[Standard J]], [[Curtiss JN-4|Curtiss Jenny/Canuck]], [[DeHavilland DH-4]], [[Curtiss Oriole]], [[SPAD VII|Spad]], [[Waco Aircraft Company|Waco]], and [[Travel Air]] types in addition to [[Curtiss OX-5]] engines.<ref>{{cite book|title=Robertson Aircraft Corporation parts catalog "A"|year=1928}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|magazine=Aerial Age|date=September 12, 1921}}</ref>
'''Robertson Aircraft Corporation''' was a post-[[World War I]] American aviation service company based at the [[Lambert Field|Lambert-St. Louis Flying Field]] near St. Louis, Missouri, that flew passengers and [[Airmails of the United States|U.S. Air Mail]], gave flying lessons, and performed exhibition flights. It also modified, re-manufactured, and resold surplus military aircraft including [[Standard J]], [[Curtiss JN-4|Curtiss Jenny/Canuck]], [[DeHavilland DH-4]], [[Curtiss Oriole]], [[SPAD S.VII|Spad]], [[Waco Aircraft Company|Waco]], and [[Travel Air]] types in addition to [[Curtiss OX-5]] engines.<ref>{{cite book|title=Robertson Aircraft Corporation parts catalog "A"|year=1928}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Aerial Age|date=September 12, 1921}}</ref>


RAC also operated facilities in Kansas City, San Antonio, Houston, New Orleans, and Fort Wayne. The company was owned and operated by brothers Maj. [[William B. Robertson]] (1893–1943) and Frank H. Robertson (1898–1938) who were both former US Army aviators. William Robertson left the company in 1928 to form the [[Curtiss-Robertson Airplane Manufacturing Company|Curtiss-Robertson]] division of [[Curtiss-Wright]] to produce aircraft such as the [[Curtiss Robin]], which RAC sold.
RAC also operated facilities in Kansas City, San Antonio, Houston, New Orleans, and Fort Wayne. The company was owned and operated by brothers Maj. [[William B. Robertson]] (1893–1943) and Frank H. Robertson (1898–1938) who were both former US Army aviators. William Robertson left the company in 1928 to form the [[Curtiss-Robertson Airplane Manufacturing Company|Curtiss-Robertson]] division of [[Curtiss-Wright]] to produce aircraft such as the [[Curtiss Robin]], which RAC sold.


==Mail & air carrier operations==
==Mail and air carrier operations==
[[File:Lindbergh check.jpg|thumb|left|Charles Lindbergh's last pay check as an RAC Air Mail pilot.]][[image:DH-4 airmail.jpg|right|thumb|A Robertson DH-4 used on the CAM-2 Air Mail route.]]On April 15, 1926, Robertson Aircraft started Contract Air Mail service over route CAM-2 from Lambert Field to Chicago, with stops in [[Springfield, Illinois]] and [[Peoria, Illinois]]; [[Charles Lindbergh]] was employed as chief pilot for the service.<ref>{{cite book|title=The roaring twenties|author=Thomas Streissguth}}</ref> RAC started service with four converted DH-4 aircraft (#s 109-112)<ref>{{cite book|title=The Big Jump: Lindbergh and the Great Atlantic Air Race|author=Richard Bak}}</ref> acquired from the U.S. Postal Service's Air Mail fleet two of which were lost in accidents in September and November, 1926, while being piloted by Lindbergh. RAC added service over CAM-29 between St.Louis and Omaha in May 1929.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Putnam Aeronautical Review|author=John Motum}}</ref> By 1928 RAC was providing daily passenger and express service as well over the St. Louis - Chicago mail route flown in 12-passenger Stout [[Ford Tri-Motor|Ford Tri-Motors]].<ref>[http://centpacrr.com/RAC_1928_Schedule.jpg RAC Time Schedule] August 20, 1928</ref> During the [[Great Depression]] Robertson's flight operations were merged into [[Universal Aviation Corporation]] along with Continental Air Lines, Northern Air Lines, and Paul R. Braniff Inc.<ref>{{cite book|title=Going places: transportation redefines the twentieth-century West|author=Carlos A. Schwantes|page=208}}</ref> Universal Aviation became a component of [[Avco|The Aviation Corporation]] in 1930, merging many companies into American Airways in 1934, eventually becoming [[American Airlines]].<ref>{{cite web|title=History of AMR|url=http://www.aa.com/i18n/amrcorp/corporateInformation/facts/history.jsp|accessdate=4 October 2011}}</ref>
[[File:Lindbergh check.jpg|thumb|left|Charles Lindbergh's last pay check as an RAC Air Mail pilot.]][[File:DH-4 airmail.jpg|right|thumb|A Robertson DH-4 used on the CAM-2 Air Mail route.]]On April 15, 1926, Robertson Aircraft started Contract Air Mail service over route CAM-2 from Lambert Field to Chicago, with stops in [[Springfield, Illinois]] and [[Peoria, Illinois]]; [[Charles Lindbergh]] was employed as chief pilot for the service.<ref>{{cite book|title=The roaring twenties|author=Thomas Streissguth}}</ref> RAC started service with four converted DH-4 aircraft (#s 109-112)<ref>{{cite book|title=The Big Jump: Lindbergh and the Great Atlantic Air Race|url=https://archive.org/details/bigjumplindbergh0000bakr|url-access=registration|author=Richard Bak}}</ref> acquired from the U.S. Postal Service's Air Mail fleet two of which were lost in accidents in September and November, 1926, while being piloted by Lindbergh. In 1927, [[Slonnie Sloniger]] was hired and took over Lindbergh's CAM-2 route.<ref name="Sloniger">{{cite book |last1=Sloniger |first1=Jarrold |title=One Pilot's Log - The Career of E.L. "Slonnie" Sloniger |date=1997 |publisher=Howell Press |location=Charlottesville, VA |isbn=1-57427-048-6}}</ref> RAC added service over CAM-29 between St.Louis and Omaha in May 1929.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Putnam Aeronautical Review|author=John Motum}}</ref>


By 1928 RAC was providing daily passenger and express service as well over the St. Louis - Chicago mail route flown in 12-passenger Stout [[Ford Tri-Motor]]s.<ref>[http://centpacrr.com/RAC_1928_Schedule.jpg RAC Time Schedule] August 20, 1928</ref>
⚫
The 1957 motion picture [[The Spirit of St. Louis (film)|''The Spirit of St. Louis'']] featured an RAC DH-4 mailplane in flying sequences as well as Maj. Robertson (played by James Robertson, Jr.) and company Air Mail pilots Lindbergh ([[James Stewart]]) and Harlan A. "Bud" Gurney ([[Murray Hamilton]]) among its characters.

During the [[Great Depression]] Robertson's flight operations were merged into [[Universal Aviation Corporation]] along with [[Continental Airlines]], Northern Air Lines, and Paul R. Braniff Inc., which became [[Braniff International Airways]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Going places: transportation redefines the twentieth-century West|author=Carlos A. Schwantes|page=208}}</ref> Universal Aviation became a component of [[Avco|The Aviation Corporation]] in 1930, merging many companies into American Airways in 1934, eventually becoming [[American Airlines]].<ref>{{cite web|title=History of AMR|url=http://www.aa.com/i18n/amrcorp/corporateInformation/facts/history.jsp|accessdate=4 October 2011|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120526202629/http://www.aa.com/i18n/amrcorp/corporateInformation/facts/history.jsp|archivedate=26 May 2012}}</ref> RAC's Sloniger would be named chief pilot and hold pilot seniority #1 at the newly created American Airlines.<ref name=Sloniger/>


==Glider crash (1943)==
==Glider crash (1943)==
[[File:Waco_CG-4A_USAF.JPG|thumb|left|200px]]On August 1, 1943 an "all [[St. Louis]]-built" [[WACO CG-4A-RO]] military troop and cargo transport glider <small><small>(S/N 42-78839)</small> built under license by RAC crashed during a demonstration flight at Lambert Field in St. Louis before a Sunday afternoon air show crowd of over 5,000 people when its right wing separated shortly after it had been released at about 2,000 feet by its Army C-47 tow plane killing all ten souls on board. The glider was flown by CPT Milton C. Klugh (pilot) and PFC Jack W. Davis (co-pilot/mechanic) of the USAAF 71st Troop Carrier Command, and the eight [[VIP]] passengers were St. Louis Mayor [[William D. Becker]], RAC President MAJ William B. Robertson, RAC VP/Chief Engineer Harold A. Krueger, Deputy City Comptroller Charles L. Cunningham, St. Louis Army Air Forces Material Command Supervisor LTC Paul H. Hazelton, Director of Public Utilities Max H. Doyne, St. Louis County Court Presiding Judge Henry L. Mueller, and St. Louis Chamber of Commerce President Thomas N. Dysart. James Robertson, the 17-year old son of MAJ Robertson, had been a passenger on a successful test flight of the glider made immediately before the fatal flight.<ref>"Mayor of St. Louis, Other Officials Die in Glider's Plunge" ''The New York Times'', August 2, 1943, p. 1</ref><ref>[http://stltoday.mycapture.com/mycapture/folder.asp?event=807474&CategoryID=23105&view=1 "St. Louis Mayor William Becker and nine others were killed on Aug. 1, 1943, when a World War II glider they were riding in plunged and slammed nose first into the ground near the Lambert Airport runway."] Eleven images from ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch'', stltoday.com</ref> The failed wing strut component, which had been manufactured by Robertson subcontractor Gardner Metal Products Company of St. Louis, a firm that normally built metal caskets, was found to be made of metal that was too thin for the purpose.<ref>Diehl, Alan E., PhD, "Silent Knights: Blowing the Whistle on Military Accidents and Their Cover-ups", Brassey's, Inc., Dulles, Virginia, 2002, Library of Congress card number 2001052726, ISBN 978-1-57488-412-8, pages 81-82.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=To Fly the Gentle Giants: The Training of U.S. WW II Glider Pilots|author=J. Norman Grim}}</ref><ref>Bowers, Peter M., "Breezing Along With The Breeze", ''Wings'', Granada Hills, California, December 1989, Volume 19, Number 6, p. 19.</ref>
[[File:Waco CG-4A USAF.JPG|thumb|left|200px]]On August 1, 1943 an "all [[St. Louis]]-built" [[WACO CG-4A-RO]] military troop and cargo transport glider (S/N 42-78839) built under license by RAC suffered in-flight structural failure and crashed during a demonstration flight at Lambert Field in St. Louis before a Sunday afternoon air show crowd of over 5,000 people when its right wing separated shortly after it had been released at about 2,000 feet by its Army C-47 tow plane killing all ten souls on board.
The glider was flown by CPT Milton C. Klugh (pilot) and PFC Jack W. Davis (co-pilot/mechanic) of the USAAF 71st Troop Carrier Command, and the eight [[VIP]] passengers were St. Louis Mayor [[William D. Becker]], RAC President Maj William B. Robertson, RAC VP/Chief Engineer Harold A. Krueger, Deputy City Comptroller Charles L. Cunningham, St. Louis Army Air Forces Material Command Supervisor LTC Paul H. Hazelton, Director of Public Utilities Max H. Doyne, St. Louis County Court Presiding Judge Henry L. Mueller, and St. Louis Chamber of Commerce President Thomas N. Dysart. James Robertson, the 17-year-old son of Maj Robertson, had been a passenger on a successful test flight of the glider made immediately before the fatal flight.<ref>"Mayor of St. Louis, Other Officials Die in Glider's Plunge" ''The New York Times'', August 2, 1943, p. 1</ref><ref>[http://stltoday.mycapture.com/mycapture/folder.asp?event=807474&CategoryID=23105&view=1 "St. Louis Mayor William Becker and nine others were killed on Aug. 1, 1943, when a World War II glider they were riding in plunged and slammed nose first into the ground near the Lambert Airport runway."] Eleven images from ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch'', stltoday.com</ref>
The failed wing strut component, which had been manufactured by Robertson subcontractor Gardner Metal Products Company of St. Louis, a firm that normally built metal caskets, was found to be made of metal that was too thin for the purpose.<ref>Diehl, Alan E., PhD, "Silent Knights: Blowing the Whistle on Military Accidents and Their Cover-ups", Brassey's, Inc., Dulles, Virginia, 2002, Library of Congress card number 2001052726, {{ISBN|978-1-57488-412-8}}, pages 81-82.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=To Fly the Gentle Giants: The Training of U.S. WW II Glider Pilots|author=J. Norman Grim}}</ref><ref>Bowers, Peter M., "Breezing Along With The Breeze", ''Wings'', Granada Hills, California, December 1989, Volume 19, Number 6, p. 19.</ref>


== Aircraft ==
== Aircraft ==


{| class="wikitable" align=center style="font-size:90%;"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|+ align=center style="background:#BFD7FF"| '''Summary of aircraft built by '''
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! Model name
! Model name
! First flight
! First flight
! Number built
! Number built
! Type
! Type

|-
|-
|align=left| '''[[Waco CG-4|Waco CG-4 (license built)]]'''
|align=left| [[Waco CG-4|Waco CG-4 (license built)]]
|align=center| {{avyear|1943}}
|align=center| 1943
|align=center| 170
|align=center| 170
|align=left| Combat Glider
|align=left| Combat Glider
|-
|align=left| '''[[Robertson B1-RD|B1-RD]]'''
|align=center| {{avyear|1982}}
|align=center|
|align=left| [[Ultralight aircraft]]
|-
|-
|}
|}

==Pop Culture==
⚫
The 1957 motion picture [[The Spirit of St. Louis (film)|''The Spirit of St. Louis'']] featured an RAC DH-4 mailplane in flying sequences as well as Maj. Robertson (played by James Robertson, Jr.) and company Air Mail pilots Lindbergh ([[James Stewart]]) and Harlan A. "Bud" Gurney ([[Murray Hamilton]]) among its characters.<ref name="imdb">{{cite web |title=The Spirit of St. Louis -1957 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0051003/ |website=imdb.com |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 58: Line 62:
===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===


<!-- ==External link== -->
<!-- ==External links== -->


{{Aviation lists}}
{{Robertson aircraft}}


[[Category:Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States]]
[[Category:St. Louis Lambert International Airport]]
[[Category:Defunct companies based in Missouri]]

Latest revision as of 16:39, 10 April 2023

Robertson Aircraft Corporation
Founded1918 (Incorporated Feb. 1921)
HeadquartersLambert-St. Louis Flying Field, Anglum, MO
Key people
Maj. William B. Robertson
Frank Robertson
H. H. Perkins
ParentAmerican Airlines

Robertson Aircraft Corporation was a post-World War I American aviation service company based at the Lambert-St. Louis Flying Field near St. Louis, Missouri, that flew passengers and U.S. Air Mail, gave flying lessons, and performed exhibition flights. It also modified, re-manufactured, and resold surplus military aircraft including Standard J, Curtiss Jenny/Canuck, DeHavilland DH-4, Curtiss Oriole, Spad, Waco, and Travel Air types in addition to Curtiss OX-5 engines.[1][2]

RAC also operated facilities in Kansas City, San Antonio, Houston, New Orleans, and Fort Wayne. The company was owned and operated by brothers Maj. William B. Robertson (1893–1943) and Frank H. Robertson (1898–1938) who were both former US Army aviators. William Robertson left the company in 1928 to form the Curtiss-Robertson division of Curtiss-Wright to produce aircraft such as the Curtiss Robin, which RAC sold.

Mail and air carrier operations[edit]

Charles Lindbergh's last pay check as an RAC Air Mail pilot.
A Robertson DH-4 used on the CAM-2 Air Mail route.

On April 15, 1926, Robertson Aircraft started Contract Air Mail service over route CAM-2 from Lambert Field to Chicago, with stops in Springfield, Illinois and Peoria, Illinois; Charles Lindbergh was employed as chief pilot for the service.[3] RAC started service with four converted DH-4 aircraft (#s 109-112)[4] acquired from the U.S. Postal Service's Air Mail fleet two of which were lost in accidents in September and November, 1926, while being piloted by Lindbergh. In 1927, Slonnie Sloniger was hired and took over Lindbergh's CAM-2 route.[5] RAC added service over CAM-29 between St.Louis and Omaha in May 1929.[6]

By 1928 RAC was providing daily passenger and express service as well over the St. Louis - Chicago mail route flown in 12-passenger Stout Ford Tri-Motors.[7]

During the Great Depression Robertson's flight operations were merged into Universal Aviation Corporation along with Continental Airlines, Northern Air Lines, and Paul R. Braniff Inc., which became Braniff International Airways[8] Universal Aviation became a component of The Aviation Corporation in 1930, merging many companies into American Airways in 1934, eventually becoming American Airlines.[9] RAC's Sloniger would be named chief pilot and hold pilot seniority #1 at the newly created American Airlines.[5]

Glider crash (1943)[edit]

On August 1, 1943 an "all St. Louis-built" WACO CG-4A-RO military troop and cargo transport glider (S/N 42-78839) built under license by RAC suffered in-flight structural failure and crashed during a demonstration flight at Lambert Field in St. Louis before a Sunday afternoon air show crowd of over 5,000 people when its right wing separated shortly after it had been released at about 2,000 feet by its Army C-47 tow plane killing all ten souls on board.

The glider was flown by CPT Milton C. Klugh (pilot) and PFC Jack W. Davis (co-pilot/mechanic) of the USAAF 71st Troop Carrier Command, and the eight VIP passengers were St. Louis Mayor William D. Becker, RAC President Maj William B. Robertson, RAC VP/Chief Engineer Harold A. Krueger, Deputy City Comptroller Charles L. Cunningham, St. Louis Army Air Forces Material Command Supervisor LTC Paul H. Hazelton, Director of Public Utilities Max H. Doyne, St. Louis County Court Presiding Judge Henry L. Mueller, and St. Louis Chamber of Commerce President Thomas N. Dysart. James Robertson, the 17-year-old son of Maj Robertson, had been a passenger on a successful test flight of the glider made immediately before the fatal flight.[10][11]

The failed wing strut component, which had been manufactured by Robertson subcontractor Gardner Metal Products Company of St. Louis, a firm that normally built metal caskets, was found to be made of metal that was too thin for the purpose.[12][13][14]

Aircraft[edit]

Model name First flight Number built Type
Waco CG-4 (license built) 1943 170 Combat Glider

Pop Culture[edit]

The 1957 motion picture The Spirit of St. Louis featured an RAC DH-4 mailplane in flying sequences as well as Maj. Robertson (played by James Robertson, Jr.) and company Air Mail pilots Lindbergh (James Stewart) and Harlan A. "Bud" Gurney (Murray Hamilton) among its characters.[15]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Robertson Aircraft Corporation parts catalog "A". 1928.
  2. ^ Aerial Age. September 12, 1921. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ^ Thomas Streissguth. The roaring twenties.
  4. ^ Richard Bak. The Big Jump: Lindbergh and the Great Atlantic Air Race.
  5. ^ a b Sloniger, Jarrold (1997). One Pilot's Log - The Career of E.L. "Slonnie" Sloniger. Charlottesville, VA: Howell Press. ISBN 1-57427-048-6.
  6. ^ John Motum. The Putnam Aeronautical Review.
  7. ^ RAC Time Schedule August 20, 1928
  8. ^ Carlos A. Schwantes. Going places: transportation redefines the twentieth-century West. p. 208.
  9. ^ "History of AMR". Archived from the original on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
  10. ^ "Mayor of St. Louis, Other Officials Die in Glider's Plunge" The New York Times, August 2, 1943, p. 1
  11. ^ "St. Louis Mayor William Becker and nine others were killed on Aug. 1, 1943, when a World War II glider they were riding in plunged and slammed nose first into the ground near the Lambert Airport runway." Eleven images from St. Louis Post-Dispatch, stltoday.com
  12. ^ Diehl, Alan E., PhD, "Silent Knights: Blowing the Whistle on Military Accidents and Their Cover-ups", Brassey's, Inc., Dulles, Virginia, 2002, Library of Congress card number 2001052726, ISBN 978-1-57488-412-8, pages 81-82.
  13. ^ J. Norman Grim. To Fly the Gentle Giants: The Training of U.S. WW II Glider Pilots.
  14. ^ Bowers, Peter M., "Breezing Along With The Breeze", Wings, Granada Hills, California, December 1989, Volume 19, Number 6, p. 19.
  15. ^ "The Spirit of St. Louis -1957". imdb.com. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

Bibliography[edit]

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