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In May 2013, Mitalipov and his team published a study in ''[[Cell (journal)|Cell]]'' that describes a new process for creating human stem cells from skin cells.<ref name=About/> The stem cell discovery made several journals' "Top 10" scientific breakthrough lists in 2013, including ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'', ''[[Science (magazine)|Science]]'', ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', ''[[Discover (magazine)|Discover]]'', ''[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic]]'', and ''[[The Week]]''.<ref name=About/>
In May 2013, Mitalipov and his team published a study in ''[[Cell (journal)|Cell]]'' that describes a new process for creating human stem cells from skin cells.<ref name=About/> The stem cell discovery made several journals' "Top 10" scientific breakthrough lists in 2013, including ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'', ''[[Science (magazine)|Science]]'', ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', ''[[Discover (magazine)|Discover]]'', ''[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic]]'', and ''[[The Week]]''.<ref name=About/>


In July 2017, Mitalipov and his team performed the first known successful attempt at creating genetically modified human embryos, using the [[CRISPR|CRISPR/Cas9]] gene modifying tool. Previously, there were only three reports of editing human embryos, which were all published by scientists in China.
In August 2017, Mitalipov's collaborative work with the [[Institute for Basic Science]], [[Salk Institute for Biological Studies]], [[Seoul National University]], [[BGI-Shenzhen]], and BGI-Qingdao, is published in [[Nature (journal)|Nature]].<ref>https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature23305</ref> performed the first known successful attempt at genetically correcting mutant human embryos, using the [[CRISPR|CRISPR/Cas9]] gene modifying tool.


⚫
Mitalipov and his team experimented upon a larger number of human embryos carrying a genetic defect causing heart disease. They demonstrated the possibility of safely and efficiently correcting the defective gene that cause inherited heart disease. <ref>https://www.technologyreview.com/s/608350/first-human-embryos-edited-in-us/?set=608342</ref>
In August 2017, Mitalipov's collaborative work with the [[Institute for Basic Science]], [[Salk Institute for Biological Studies]], [[Seoul National University]], [[BGI-Shenzhen]], and BGI-Qingdao, is published in [[Nature (journal)|Nature]].<ref>https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature23305</ref> In response, severe doubts were published about the interpretation and success of these experiments.<ref>https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/181255</ref>

⚫
Mitalipov and his team experimented upon a larger number of embryos, and further demonstrated the possibility of safely and efficiently correcting defective genes that cause inherited diseases. <ref>https://www.technologyreview.com/s/608350/first-human-embryos-edited-in-us/?set=608342</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 21:30, 14 March 2018

Shoukhrat Mitalipov
Born1961 (age 62–63)
CitizenshipAmerican[1]
Alma materTimiryazev Agricultural Academy
Research Centre of Medical Genetics
OccupationScientist
Known forStem cell breakthrough

Shoukhrat Mitalipov (Shoe-KHRAHT Mee-tuhl-EE-pov, Russian: Шухрат Музапарович Миталипов[2], born 1961)[3] is an American biologist who heads the Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy at the Oregon Health & Science University in Portland.[4] He is known for discovering a controversial genetic therapy that may be a way to prevent mitochondrial diseases, as well as a new way of creating human stem cells from skin cells.[4][5]

Early life

Mitalipov was born in 1961 in Almaty, Kazakhstan, then part of the Soviet Union.[4] He is of Uyghur ancestry.[1] He served two years in Soviet military, beginning in 1979, as an army radio technician.[1]

Education

After the military, Mitalipov studied genetics at the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in Moscow, and also played blues guitar in a cover band to pay the bills.[4] After graduation from the academy worked for a short time as the chief livestock specialist in the kolkhoz in the Yaroslavl region.[6] He received his master's degree in 1989.[4] He earned his Ph.D. in developmental and stem cell biology from the Research Centre of Medical Genetics in Moscow.[4] After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 funding for stem cell research was scarce, so Mitalipov applied for and won a fellowship at Utah State University in 1995.[4] He started working at the Oregon National Primate Research Center in 1998, where he could work with monkeys, which share 98% of their DNA with humans; at Utah State Mitalipov had worked with cow DNA.[4]

Breakthroughs

A therapy for mitochondrial diseases that Mitalipov discovered, the "spindle transfer" technique, involves removing the nucleus from a human egg and placing it into another.[3][4] If the egg is fertilized, in genetic terms it would have three parents.[4] Mitalipov has successfully bred "three-parent" rhesus macaques.[4] The possibility of using the procedure on human eggs has raised safety and ethics questions.[4]

In May 2013, Mitalipov and his team published a study in Cell that describes a new process for creating human stem cells from skin cells.[5] The stem cell discovery made several journals' "Top 10" scientific breakthrough lists in 2013, including Nature, Science, Time, Discover, National Geographic, and The Week.[5]

In August 2017, Mitalipov's collaborative work with the Institute for Basic Science, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Seoul National University, BGI-Shenzhen, and BGI-Qingdao, is published in Nature.[7] performed the first known successful attempt at genetically correcting mutant human embryos, using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene modifying tool.

Mitalipov and his team experimented upon a larger number of human embryos carrying a genetic defect causing heart disease. They demonstrated the possibility of safely and efficiently correcting the defective gene that cause inherited heart disease. [8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Budnick, Nick (June 2, 2013). "Oregon Stem-cell Groundbreaker Stirs International Frenzy with Cloning Advance". The Oregonian. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
  2. ^ Ученый из Казахстана первый в мире создал обезьяну-мутанта - новости науки | Tengrinews Template:Ru icon
  3. ^ a b Tavernise, Sabrina (March 17, 2014). "His Fertility Advance Draws Ire". The New York Times. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Moore, Elizabeth Armstrong (September 17, 2014). "Splice of Life". Willamette Week. p. 12. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
  5. ^ a b c "About Us". Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
  6. ^ Астахова, Алла (12 August 2017). "Тонкая работа". Блог о здравоохранении. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  7. ^ https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature23305
  8. ^ https://www.technologyreview.com/s/608350/first-human-embryos-edited-in-us/?set=608342

External links

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