Sphenostemon: Difference between revisions

Sphenostemon
	Sphenostemon comptonii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Paracryphiales
Family:	Paracryphiaceae
Genus:	Sphenostemon; Baill.
Species
	Sphenostemon balansae; Sphenostemon comptonii; Sphenostemon lobosporus; Sphenostemon oppositifolius; Sphenostemon pachycladum; Sphenostemon papuanum; Sphenostemon papuanus; Sphenostemon pauciflorum; Sphenostemon thibaudii; Sphenostemon tireliae

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Sphenostemon is the genus of small evergreen trees or shrubs native to New Guinea, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. They have opposite or spiral leaves, and at most small stipules. The small flowers, borne in terminal inflorescences, have free (i.e. unjoined) sepals and petals. The anthers have thick filaments. The fruit, a berry, is fleshy and contains two seeds. The genus is described as "particularly poorly known".^[2]

Taxonomy[edit]

In the 2009 APG III system, the genus is placed in the family Paracryphiaceae, along with Paracryphia and Quintinia.^[3] The earlier APG II system placed it alone in family Sphenostemonaceae.^[4]

References[edit]

^ "IPNI Plant Name Query Results for Sphenostemon", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2014-09-19
^ Stevens, P.F., "Paracryphiaceae", Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, retrieved 2014-09-19
^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
^ The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm classification for the orders of flowering plants: APG II". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 141 (4). Linnean Society of London: 399–436. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x. ^{[dead link]}

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[IPNI_Sphenostemon-1] "IPNI Plant Name Query Results for Sphenostemon", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2014-09-19

[2] Stevens, P.F., "Paracryphiaceae", Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, retrieved 2014-09-19

[APGIII2009-3] Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.

[4] The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm classification for the orders of flowering plants: APG II". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 141 (4). Linnean Society of London: 399–436. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x. ^{[dead link]}

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Genus of small evergreen trees and shrubs}}
-{{Taxobox
+{{Automatic taxobox
-| name = Sphenostemonaceae
+|image = Sphenostemon comptonii.jpg
-|regnum = [[Plantae]]
+|image_caption = ''[[Sphenostemon comptonii]]''
-|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
+| taxon = Sphenostemon
-|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
+| authority = [[Henri Ernest Baillon|Baill.]]<ref name="IPNI_Sphenostemon">{{Citation |title=IPNI Plant Name Query Results for ''Sphenostemon'' |work=[[International Plant Names Index|The International Plant Names Index]] |url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Sphenostemon |accessdate=2014-09-19 }}
-|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
+</ref>
-|ordo = (unplaced)
-| familia = [[Paracryphiaceae]]
-| genus = '''''Sphenostemon'''''
-| genus_authority = Baillon
 | subdivision_ranks = Species
-| subdivision = See text
+| subdivision =
+''[[Sphenostemon balansae]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon comptonii]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon lobosporus]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon oppositifolius]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon pachycladum]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon papuanum]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon papuanus]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon pauciflorum]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon thibaudii]]''<br/>
+''[[Sphenostemon tireliae]]''
 }}
-'''''Sphenostemon''''' is the genus of small [[evergreen]] trees or shrubs native to [[New Guinea]], [[Queensland]] (Australia) and [[New Caledonia]].
+'''''Sphenostemon''''' is the genus of small [[evergreen]] trees or shrubs native to [[New Guinea]], [[Queensland]] (Australia) and [[New Caledonia]]. They have opposite or spiral leaves, and at most small [[stipule]]s. The small flowers, borne in terminal inflorescences, have free (i.e. unjoined) [[sepal]]s and [[petal]]s. The [[anther]]s have thick filaments. The fruit, a [[Berry (botany)|berry]], is fleshy and contains two seeds. The genus is described as "particularly poorly known".<ref>{{Citation |last=Stevens |first=P.F.  |title=Paracryphiaceae |work=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website |url=http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/orders/Paracryphiales.html#Paracryphiaceae |accessdate=2014-09-19 }}</ref>
 ==Taxonomy==
+In the 2009 [[APG III system]], the genus is placed in the family [[Paracryphiaceae]], along with ''[[Paracryphia]]'' and ''[[Quintinia]]''.<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> The earlier [[APG II system]] placed it alone in family Sphenostemonaceae.<ref>{{cite journal |last = The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |title = An update of the Angiosperm classification for the orders of flowering plants: APG II |journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume = 141 |pages = 399–436 |publisher = Linnean Society of London |year = 2003 |doi = 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x |issue = 4|doi-access = free }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
-The [[APG II system]] places it alone in family '''Sphenostemonaceae''', which is in turn left unplaced as to order in the euasterids II clade (campanulids).<ref>{{cite journal |last = The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |title = An update of the Angiosperm
-classification for the orders of flowering plants: APG II |journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume = 141 |pages = 399–436 |publisher = Linnean Society of London |year = 2003 |url = http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/pdf |accessdate = 2007-08-03 |doi = 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x}}</ref>
-Since the release of the APG II system, new research has suggested a relationship between ''Sphenostemon'' and ''[[Paracryphia]]''. As a result, the [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Website]] recommends it be placed in [[Paracryphiaceae]]. This is in turn placed alone in order [[Paracryphiales]].<ref>{{cite web|last = Stevens|first = P|title = Angiosperm Phylogeny Website|publisher = Missouri Botanical Garden|date = 2001 onwards|url = http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/APweb/welcome.html|accessdate = 2007-08-03}}</ref>
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q1202368}}
-[[Category:Asterids]]
+[[Category:Asterid genera]]
+[[Category:Paracryphiales]]
+[[Category:Taxa named by Henri Ernest Baillon]]
-{{asterid-stub}}
+{{Boraginaceae-stub}}
-[[ca:Sphenostemonàcia]]
-[[da:Sphenostemonaceae]]
-[[es:Sphenostemonaceae]]
-[[fr:Sphenostemonaceae]]
-[[id:Sphenostemonaceae]]
-[[nl:Sphenostemonaceae]]
-[[pt:Sphenostemonaceae]]
-[[zh:楔蕊花科]]