Xenopus boumbaensis: Difference between revisions
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| status = NT | status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 17 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group |date=2020 |title=''Xenopus boumbaensis'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T58171A177346384 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T58171A177346384.en |access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| taxon = Xenopus boumbaensis |
| taxon = Xenopus boumbaensis |
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| authority = Loumont, 1983<ref name="Loumont 1983"/> |
| authority = Loumont, 1983<ref name="Loumont 1983"/> |
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'''''Xenopus boumbaensis''''', the '''Mawa clawed frog''', is a species of [[frog]] in the family [[Pipidae]].<ref name=Frost/><ref name="African Amphibians"/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/> It is known from a few localities in central and south-eastern [[Cameroon]], and from north-western [[Republic of Congo]] and extreme south-western [[Central African Republic]]; it probably occurs more widely in the central African forest belt, but identification is difficult:<ref name= |
'''''Xenopus boumbaensis''''', the '''Mawa clawed frog''', is a species of [[frog]] in the family [[Pipidae]].<ref name=Frost/><ref name="African Amphibians"/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/> It is known from a few localities in central and south-eastern [[Cameroon]], and from north-western [[Republic of Congo]] and extreme south-western [[Central African Republic]]; it probably occurs more widely in the central African forest belt, but identification is difficult:<ref name="iucn status 17 November 2021" /> it is one of the [[cryptic species]] that resemble ''[[Xenopus fraseri]]'', from which it can be distinguished by chromosome number ([[Ploidy|2n]]=72) and a [[Sexual selection in amphibians#Vocal signaling in frogs|male advertisement call]] of a single note.<ref name="iucn status 17 November 2021" /><ref name=Frost/> |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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==Habitat and conservation== |
==Habitat and conservation== |
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This species occurs in aquatic habitats in the lowland rainforest region at elevations of {{convert|337|–|550|m|abbr=on}} [[above sea level]]. It is typically found in forested habitats in slow-flowing forest streams and springs, but may also be found in swamps. Reproduction presumably involves free-living larvae. It is threatened by deforestation and habitat degradation as well as water pollution. It is known from a number of protected areas: [[Boumba Bek National Park|Boumba Bek]], [[Nki National Park|Nki]], and [[Lobeke National Park]]s in Cameroon, [[Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve]] in the Central African Republic, and the [[Odzala-Kokoua National Park]] in the Republic of Congo.<ref name= |
This species occurs in aquatic habitats in the lowland rainforest region at elevations of {{convert|337|–|550|m|abbr=on}} [[above sea level]]. It is typically found in forested habitats in slow-flowing forest streams and springs, but may also be found in swamps. Reproduction presumably involves free-living larvae. It is threatened by deforestation and habitat degradation as well as water pollution. It is known from a number of protected areas: [[Boumba Bek National Park|Boumba Bek]], [[Nki National Park|Nki]], and [[Lobeke National Park]]s in Cameroon, [[Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve]] in the Central African Republic, and the [[Odzala-Kokoua National Park]] in the Republic of Congo.<ref name="iucn status 17 November 2021" /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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<ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiaweb.org/species/5251 |title=''Xenopus boumbaensis'' |year=2018 |work=AmphibiaWeb |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref> |
<ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiaweb.org/species/5251 |title=''Xenopus boumbaensis'' |year=2018 |work=AmphibiaWeb |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Evans et al. 2015">{{Cite journal | |
<ref name="Evans et al. 2015">{{Cite journal |last1=Evans |first1=Ben J. |last2=Carter |first2=Timothy F. |last3=Greenbaum |first3=Eli |last4=Gvoždík |first4=Václav |last5=Kelley |first5=Darcy B. |last6=McLaughlin |first6=Patrick J. |last7=Pauwels |first7=Olivier S. G. |last8=Portik |first8=Daniel M. |last9=Stanley |first9=Edward L. |name-list-style=amp |date=2015 |title=Genetics, morphology, advertisement calls, and historical records distinguish six new polyploid species of African clawed frog (''Xenopus'', Pipidae) from West and Central Africa |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=12 |pages=e0142823 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0142823 |pmc=4682732 |pmid=26672747|doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Pipidae/Xenopus/Xenopus-boumbaensis |title=''Xenopus boumbaensis'' Loumont, 1983 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2018 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref> |
<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Pipidae/Xenopus/Xenopus-boumbaensis |title=''Xenopus boumbaensis'' Loumont, 1983 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2018 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 15:24, 17 November 2021
| Xenopus boumbaensis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Pipidae |
| Genus: | Xenopus |
| Species: | X. boumbaensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Xenopus boumbaensis Loumont, 1983[2]
| |
Xenopus boumbaensis, the Mawa clawed frog, is a species of frog in the family Pipidae.[3][4][5] It is known from a few localities in central and south-eastern Cameroon, and from north-western Republic of Congo and extreme south-western Central African Republic; it probably occurs more widely in the central African forest belt, but identification is difficult:[1] it is one of the cryptic species that resemble Xenopus fraseri, from which it can be distinguished by chromosome number (2n=72) and a male advertisement call of a single note.[1][3]
Etymology
The specific name boumbaensis refers to the type locality (Mawa) that is within the Boumba River drainage.[2][3]
Description
Adult males can grow to 37 mm (1.5 in) and females to 53 mm (2.1 in) in snout–vent length.[6] All Xenopus are characterized by a streamlined and flattened body, a vocal organ specialized for underwater sound production, lateral-line organs, claws on the innermost three toes, and fully webbed toes.[6] The coloration is green with numerous spots posteriorly and on the hind limbs. The venter can be immaculate white but is often heavily spotted.[2]
Xenopus boumbaensis is an octoploid species (2n=72).[2][6]
Habitat and conservation
This species occurs in aquatic habitats in the lowland rainforest region at elevations of 337–550 m (1,106–1,804 ft) above sea level. It is typically found in forested habitats in slow-flowing forest streams and springs, but may also be found in swamps. Reproduction presumably involves free-living larvae. It is threatened by deforestation and habitat degradation as well as water pollution. It is known from a number of protected areas: Boumba Bek, Nki, and Lobeke National Parks in Cameroon, Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve in the Central African Republic, and the Odzala-Kokoua National Park in the Republic of Congo.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Xenopus boumbaensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T58171A177346384. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T58171A177346384.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d Loumont, C. (1983). "Deux especes nouvelles de Xenopus du Cameroun (Amphibia, Pipidae)". Revue Suisse de Zoologie (in French). 90: 169–177. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.81970.
- ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Xenopus boumbaensis Loumont, 1983". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
- ^ "Xenopus boumbaensis Loumont, 1983". African Amphibians. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
- ^ "Xenopus boumbaensis". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
- ^ a b c Evans, Ben J.; Carter, Timothy F.; Greenbaum, Eli; Gvoždík, Václav; Kelley, Darcy B.; McLaughlin, Patrick J.; Pauwels, Olivier S. G.; Portik, Daniel M. & Stanley, Edward L. (2015). "Genetics, morphology, advertisement calls, and historical records distinguish six new polyploid species of African clawed frog (Xenopus, Pipidae) from West and Central Africa". PLOS ONE. 10 (12): e0142823. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142823. PMC 4682732. PMID 26672747.