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'''Zia Mohiuddin Dagar''' (14 March 1929 – 28 September 1990), popularly known as '''Z. M. Dagar''', was a [[North India]]n ([[Hindustani music|Hindustani]]) classical musician, one of the 19th generation of [[Dagarvani|Dagar family]] [[dhrupad]] musicians. He was largely responsible for the revival of the [[rudra vina]] as a solo concert instrument.<ref name=ITC>[https://www.itcsra.org/TributeMaestro.aspx?Tributeid=19 Tribute to a Maestro, Zia Mohiuddin Khan Dagar] ITC Sangeet Research Academy website, Retrieved 5 January 2022</ref>
'''Zia Mohiuddin Dagar''' (14 March 1929 – 28 September 1990), (aka '''Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar''' and popularly known as '''Z. M. Dagar'''), was a [[North India]]n ([[Hindustani music|Hindustani]]) classical musician, one of the 19th generation of [[Dagarvani|Dagar family]] [[dhrupad]] musicians. He was largely responsible for the revival of the [[rudra vina]] as a solo concert instrument.<ref name=ITC>{{cite web |url=https://www.itcsra.org/TributeMaestro.aspx?Tributeid=19 |title=Tribute to a Maestro, Zia Mohiuddin Khan Dagar |work=ITC Sangeet Research Academy website |access-date=5 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221201101008/https://www.itcsra.org/TributeMaestro.aspx?Tributeid=19 |archive-date=2022-12-01}}</ref>


== Early life and the choice of veena ==
== Early life and the choice of veena ==
Z. M. Dagar was born in the town of [[Udaipur]], [[Rajasthan]] on 14 March 1929 and began musical study with his father, Ustad [[Dagarvani|Ziauddin Khan Dagar]], court musician for the [[Maharana]] of [[Udaipur]].<ref name=ITC/><ref name=dhrupad/> He was trained both in vocals and in the [[rudra veena]], an instrument used by vocalists to practice melodies. The veena was traditionally not played in public, but the young Zia Mohiuddin adopted it as his primary instrument, giving his first recital at age 16. Although he was discouraged by his father from experimenting with the structure of the veena, he nevertheless modified the instrument after his father's death to better equip it for solo performance, transforming it into a larger bass instrument (sometimes called a 'Dagar veena'): With the help of the instrument house Kanailal & Brother, he enlarged the tumbas (gourds) and dhandhi (hollow neck) to create greater resonance and to allow the notes to sustain longer and so better reproduce the techniques used in dhrupad singing. Because of these modifications, the instrument was too heavy to be held in the standard Northern posture (with one tumba on the left shoulder), so he played instead in the Southern posture, with one tumba on the ground and one on the left knee.<ref name=dhrupad/><ref name=SM/>
Z. M. Dagar was born in the town of [[Udaipur]], [[Rajasthan]] on 14 March 1929 and began musical study with his father, Ustad [[Dagarvani|Ziauddin Khan Dagar]], court musician for the [[Maharana]] of [[Udaipur]].<ref name=ITC/><ref name=dhrupad/> He was trained both in vocals and in the [[rudra veena]], an instrument used by vocalists to practice melodies. The veena was traditionally not played in public, but the young Zia [[Mohyeddin|Mohiuddin]] adopted it as his primary instrument, giving his first recital at age 16. Although he was discouraged by his father from experimenting with the structure of the veena, he nevertheless modified the instrument after his father's death to better equip it for solo performance, transforming it into a larger bass instrument (sometimes called a 'Dagar veena'): With the help of the instrument house Kanailal & Brother, he enlarged the tumbas (gourds) and dhandhi (hollow neck) to create greater resonance and to allow the notes to sustain longer and so better reproduce the techniques used in dhrupad singing. Because of these modifications, the instrument was too heavy to be held in the standard Northern posture (with one tumba on the left shoulder), so he played instead in the Southern posture, with one tumba on the ground and one on the left knee.<ref name=dhrupad/><ref name=SM/>


== Struggles and hardships ==
== Struggles and hardships ==
Line 33: Line 33:


== Outside India ==
== Outside India ==
He was very active in the West, associating himself with the American Society for Eastern Arts in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], California (Zia Mohiuddin Dagar offered 12 weeks of classes during the spring of 1977). Financial support was secured by the Center for World Music from the [[National Endowment for the Arts]] and other contributors) and with [[Wesleyan University]], Rotterdam Music Conservatory, and the [[University of Washington]], [[Seattle]], where he was a visiting professor.<ref name=ITC/><ref name=SM/>
He was very active in the West, associating himself with the American Society for Eastern Arts in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], California (Zia [[Mohyeddin|Mohiuddin]] Dagar offered 12 weeks of classes during the spring of 1977). Financial support was secured by the Center for World Music from the [[National Endowment for the Arts]] and other contributors) and with [[Wesleyan University]], {{ill|Rotterdam Music Conservatory|nl|Rotterdams Conservatorium}}, and the [[University of Washington]], [[Seattle]], where he was a visiting professor.<ref name=ITC/><ref name=SM/>


== Honours ==
== Honours ==
*In 1986, Ustad [[-ji|ji]] was awarded the [[Kalidas Samman]] Award, one of India's most prestigious awards, by the [[Madhya Pradesh]] government.<ref name=ITC/>
*In 1986, Ustad [[-ji|ji]] was awarded the [[Kalidas Samman]] Award, one of India's most prestigious awards, by the [[Madhya Pradesh]] government.<ref name=ITC/>
*He also received the [[Sangeet Natak Academi]] Award in 1981, the Rajasthan Sangeet Natak Academi award, and the [[Maharana Kumbha]] award, to name a few.<ref name=ITC/><ref name=SM>{{cite web|url=http://www.swarmanttra.com/blog/usatd-zia-mohiuddin-dagar-a-dream-that-dhrupad-once-had/ |title=Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar: A Dream that Dhrupad Once Had|author=Kuldeep Thopate|date=4 March 2015|access-date=5 January 2022|website=Swarmanttra.com website}}</ref><ref name=dhrupad/>
*He also received the [[Sangeet Natak Academi]] Award in 1981, the Rajasthan Sangeet Natak Academi award, and the [[Maharana Kumbha]] award, to name a few.<ref name=ITC/><ref name=SM>{{cite web|url=http://www.swarmanttra.com/blog/usatd-zia-mohiuddin-dagar-a-dream-that-dhrupad-once-had/ |title=Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar: A Dream that Dhrupad Once Had|author=Kuldeep Thopate|date=4 March 2015|access-date=5 January 2022|website=Swarmanttra.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924173639/http://www.swarmanttra.com/blog/usatd-zia-mohiuddin-dagar-a-dream-that-dhrupad-once-had/ |archive-date=2022-09-24}}</ref><ref name=dhrupad/>


== Family ==
== Family ==
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== Establishment of the Dhrupad Gurukul ==
== Establishment of the Dhrupad Gurukul ==
Established in 1982, the concept of making a Gurukul was entirely Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar's. He envisioned a place where he would sit with his disciple and
Established in 1982, the concept of making a Gurukul was entirely Ustad Zia [[Mohyeddin|Mohiuddin]] Dagar's. He envisioned a place where he would sit with his disciple and
impart training in the 'Guru Shishya Parampara' a method in which a few selected students study under one roof whilst staying with the guru. Ustad sahib put at least twenty years of his time and effort to give shape to this idea on his own and thus, the Gurukul came into being in 1982 at Palaspa - a village near Panvel - Mumbai.<ref name=SM/>
impart training in the 'Guru Shishya Parampara'; a method in which a few selected students study under one roof whilst staying with the guru. Ustad sahib put at least twenty years of his time and effort to give shape to this idea on his own and thus, the Gurukul came into being in 1982 at Palaspa - a village near Panvel - Mumbai.<ref name=SM/>


== Death ==
== Death ==
Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar died on 28 September 1990.<ref name=ITC/><ref name=dhrupad>{{cite web|url=http://www.dhrupad.org/teacher/index.htm |date=12 April 2001|archive-date=3 May 2006|website=dhrupad.org website|access-date=5 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060503050725/http://www.dhrupad.org/teacher/index.htm|title=Profile of Zia Mohiuddin Dagar}}</ref>
Ustad Zia [[Mohyeddin|Mohiuddin]] Dagar died on 28 September 1990.<ref name=ITC/><ref name=dhrupad>{{cite web|url=http://www.dhrupad.org/teacher/index.htm |date=12 April 2001|archive-date=3 May 2006|website=dhrupad.org website|access-date=5 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060503050725/http://www.dhrupad.org/teacher/index.htm|title=Profile of Zia Mohiuddin Dagar}}</ref>


== Discography ==
== Discography ==
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== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
2. [https://www.discogs.com/artist/3338164-Ustad-Zia-Mohiuddin-Dagar https://www.discogs.com/artist/3338164-Ustad-Zia-Mohiuddin-Dagar Retrieved March 14, 2016.]


==External links==
==External links==
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*[http://www.raga.com/cds/222/222booklet.html Z. M. Dagar]: A memoir by Jody Stecher at [http://www.raga.com Raga Records]
*[http://www.raga.com/cds/222/222booklet.html Z. M. Dagar]: A memoir by Jody Stecher at [http://www.raga.com Raga Records]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060503050725/http://www.dhrupad.org/teacher/index.htm Profile of Z. M. Dagar] by the Gundecha Brothers
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060503050725/http://www.dhrupad.org/teacher/index.htm Profile of Z. M. Dagar] by the Gundecha Brothers
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081114180429/http://profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile MySpace page] for Z. M. Dagar
*[http://dhrupad.org/about/dagar-tradition/ Dagar family homepage]

==Video==
*[http://aris.ss.uci.edu/rgarfias/kiosk/media.html Z. M. Dagar video] from Robert Garfias' site


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Dagarvani]]
[[Category:Dagarvani]]
[[Category:Hindustani instrumentalists]]
[[Category:Hindustani instrumentalists]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Udaipur]]
[[Category:People from Udaipur]]
[[Category:Wesleyan University people]]
[[Category:Wesleyan University people]]
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[[Category:Indian male classical musicians]]
[[Category:Indian male classical musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male classical singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male classical singers]]
[[Category:Recipients of Kalidas Samman]]

Revision as of 14:40, 19 January 2024

Zia Mohiuddin Dagar
Born14 March 1929
Udaipur, Rajasthan
Died28 September 1990(1990-09-28) (aged 61)
GenresHindustani classical music
Instrument(s)Rudra veena
LabelsAwards:

Zia Mohiuddin Dagar (14 March 1929 – 28 September 1990), (aka Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar and popularly known as Z. M. Dagar), was a North Indian (Hindustani) classical musician, one of the 19th generation of Dagar family dhrupad musicians. He was largely responsible for the revival of the rudra vina as a solo concert instrument.[1]

Early life and the choice of veena

Z. M. Dagar was born in the town of Udaipur, Rajasthan on 14 March 1929 and began musical study with his father, Ustad Ziauddin Khan Dagar, court musician for the Maharana of Udaipur.[1][2] He was trained both in vocals and in the rudra veena, an instrument used by vocalists to practice melodies. The veena was traditionally not played in public, but the young Zia Mohiuddin adopted it as his primary instrument, giving his first recital at age 16. Although he was discouraged by his father from experimenting with the structure of the veena, he nevertheless modified the instrument after his father's death to better equip it for solo performance, transforming it into a larger bass instrument (sometimes called a 'Dagar veena'): With the help of the instrument house Kanailal & Brother, he enlarged the tumbas (gourds) and dhandhi (hollow neck) to create greater resonance and to allow the notes to sustain longer and so better reproduce the techniques used in dhrupad singing. Because of these modifications, the instrument was too heavy to be held in the standard Northern posture (with one tumba on the left shoulder), so he played instead in the Southern posture, with one tumba on the ground and one on the left knee.[2][3]

Struggles and hardships

After India gained independence in 1947, the princely states were abolished. The Dagar family lost the patronage of the court of Udaipur, and had to seek employment elsewhere. Finally they arrived in Mumbai. For 25 years, they had to make ends meet by working in garages, selling bread, and rarely, playing instruments for movie scores. They did not have a tanpura, sitar, or veena, let alone a house. There was much cynicism about dhrupad, as his son Mohi Baha'ud-din recounted in an interview.

"Dhrupad? Who'll listen? Rudra veena? Play something else. Long alaaps? So boring!" [4]

Playing style

Z. M. Dagar was known particularly for his slow development of ragas, typically performed only with tanpura accompaniment (he rarely played with pakhawaj), and for his meticulous attention to microtonal inflections.

Outside India

He was very active in the West, associating himself with the American Society for Eastern Arts in Berkeley, California (Zia Mohiuddin Dagar offered 12 weeks of classes during the spring of 1977). Financial support was secured by the Center for World Music from the National Endowment for the Arts and other contributors) and with Wesleyan University, Rotterdam Music Conservatory [nl], and the University of Washington, Seattle, where he was a visiting professor.[1][3]

Honours

Family

His younger brother, Ustad Zia Fariddudin Dagar, was a vocalist and teacher, and his son, Mohi Baha'ud-din, is a veena player.[1][3]

Establishment of the Dhrupad Gurukul

Established in 1982, the concept of making a Gurukul was entirely Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar's. He envisioned a place where he would sit with his disciple and impart training in the 'Guru Shishya Parampara'; a method in which a few selected students study under one roof whilst staying with the guru. Ustad sahib put at least twenty years of his time and effort to give shape to this idea on his own and thus, the Gurukul came into being in 1982 at Palaspa - a village near Panvel - Mumbai.[3]

Death

Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar died on 28 September 1990.[1][2]

Discography

Albums

Rudra Veena Recital (LP) His Master's Voice ECSD 2736 1974
Morgonraga (LP, Album) MNW MNW 2F 1974
Raga Mangeyabushan (LP, Album) Disques Alvarès LD 114 1974
Raga Pancham Kosh (LP, Album) Auvidis AV 4514 1984
Raga Chandrakauns (LP, Mono) His Master's Voice PMLP 3039 1989
Raga Yaman (CD, Album) Nimbus Records NI 5276 1991
Raga Shuddha Todi Nimbus Records 1994
Todi, Ahir Lalit, Panchamkauns (CD, Album) Raga Records RAGA-219 1998
Raga Yaman / Raga Shuddha Todi (2xCD, Album) Nimbus Records NI 7047/8 2000
Marwa, Bageshree (CD, Album) Raga Records RAGA-222 2001
Z.M. Dagar* & Z.F. Dagar* - Raag Malkauns, Bombay 1968 (CD) Country & Eastern CE 02 2005
Z.M. Dagar* & Z.F. Dagar* - Ragini Miyan Ki Todi (CD) Country & Eastern CE19 2011
Zia Mohiuddin Dagar* & Pandit Taranath - Live in Stockholm 1969 (CD) Country & Eastern CE36 2015
Untitled (Cass, Album) CBS UD-001 Unknown

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Tribute to a Maestro, Zia Mohiuddin Khan Dagar". ITC Sangeet Research Academy website. Archived from the original on 1 December 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d "Profile of Zia Mohiuddin Dagar". dhrupad.org website. 12 April 2001. Archived from the original on 3 May 2006. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e Kuldeep Thopate (4 March 2015). "Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar: A Dream that Dhrupad Once Had". Swarmanttra.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  4. ^ "Musical growth in an age of distraction". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 8 December 2006. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zia_Mohiuddin_Dagar&oldid=1197194883"